Raman spectroscopic study of K-lingunite at various pressures and temperatures

K-lingunite is a high-pressure modification of K-feldspar that possesses the tetragonal hollandite structure. Variations of the Raman spectra of K-lingunite were studied up to ~31.5 GPa at room temperature, and in the range 79–823 K at atmospheric pressure. The Raman frequencies of all bands were observed to increase with increasing pressure, and decrease with increasing temperature for K-lingunite. This behavior is in line with those observed for most of other materials. New sharp Raman bands appear at pressures greater than 13–15 GPa, suggesting a phase transition in K-lingunite with increasing pressure. The transition is reversible when pressure was released. The appearance of these new Raman bands may correspond to the phase transition revealed earlier at around 20 GPa by X-ray diffraction studies. Instead of transforming back to its stable minerals, such as orthoclase, microcline or sanidine, K-lingunite became amorphous in the temperature range 803–823 K at atmospheric pressure.     

提高测井曲线纵向分辨率的方法

常规处理方法往往漏掉一些有价值的薄油气储层。利用频率域反槽积方法、贝叶斯反褶积方法、反褶积与光滑滤波组合（ＤＦＳＮ）方法和分辨率匹配与非线性拟合方法对测井曲线进行了提高纵向分辨率处理，测井曲线的纵向分辨率可提高１～４倍，一些结果得到了证实，为准确地定量评价薄储居提供了较可靠的参数     

Geochemical characteristics of island-arc volcanic rocks in the Nan-Nam Pat-Phetchabun zone,northern Thailand

Late Permian-Early Triassic (P₂-T₁) volcanic rocks distributed on the eastern side of ocean-ridge and oceanic-island basalts in the Nan-Uttaradit zone were analyzed from aspects of petrographic characteristics, rock assemblage, REE, trace elements, geotectonic setting, etc., indicating that those volcanic rocks possess the characteristic features of island-arc volcanic rocks. The volcanic rock assemblage is basalt-basaltic andesite-andesite. The volcanic rocks are sub-alkaline, dominated by calc-alkaline series, with tholeiite series coming next. The chemical composition of the volcanic rocks is characterized by low TiO₂ and K₂O and high Al₂O₃ and Na₂O. Their REE patterns are of the flat, weak LREE-enrichment right-inclined type. The trace elements are characterized by the enrichment of large cation elements such as K, Rb and Ba, common enrichment of U and Th, and depletion of Nb, Ta, Zr and Hf. The petrochemical plot falls within the field of volcanic rocks, in consistency with the plot of island-arc volcanic rocks in the Jinsha River zone of China. This island-arc volcanic zone, together with the ocean-ridge/oceanic island type volcanic rocks in the Nan-Uttaradit zone, constitutes the ocean-ridge volcanic rock-island-arc magmatic rock zones which are distributed in pairs, indicating that the oceanic crust of the Nan-Uttaradit zone once was of eastward subduction. This work is of great significance in exploring the evolution of paleo-Tethys in the Nan-Uttaradit zone.     

四川昌台农都柯金银矿矿床地质特征及成矿远景

农都柯火山岩浅成低温热液型金银矿床系在三江地区义敦岛弧带被首次发现,经初步评价达到中型规模。矿床赋存于流纹质火山碎屑岩中,受北北西向剪切带控制,矿体呈透镜状或似层状,基本顺层产出。围岩蚀变强烈,以硅化为主,次为绢云母化和重晶石化。矿石由黄铁矿、闪锌矿、自然金、辉锑铅矿、砷黝铜矿、辉锑矿、辉锑银铅矿、雄黄、雌黄等组成,为典型的低温热液矿物组合。主矿化温度发生在200℃以下,矿化元素除Ag、Au外,As、Sb、Hg也达到或接近工业品位。通过地球物理、地球化学方法的测量,成矿远景较好。     

绿柱石的辐照赋色与效应

利用电子加速器为辐照源，对四川，新疆等产的无色绿柱石进行了辐照改色处理。在改色实验中，对辐照源的输出功率，电子能量，扫描面积，扫描速度，辐照剂量等参数，及辐照后样品的辐照效应，环境适应性，时效考验等特性进行了较系统的实验研究，并拟定出一套适合不同成因的无色绿柱石辐照改色的优选方案，对绿柱石的辐照机制和应效进行了探讨。     

Valency Study of Vanadium in Stone Coal Ash of Jiangxi Province

Vanadium-bearing stone coal is a new vanadium resource;recovery ofV_2O_5 from the coal has been investigated.It has been found that a satisfactoryextraction of V_2O_5 depends on both the oxidation of V and its reaction with so-dium salt.V in the coal ash of Yushan mainly exists in two oxidation states:98％V(Ⅲ)and2％V(Ⅳ).The distribution of valency of V shows that organicmatter determines V valency at low temperatures,at about470℃,V(Ⅲ)iscompletely oxidized to V(Ⅳ);above500℃,the temperature is the most impor-tant factor for the oxidation of V .At higher temperatures no more V is oxidizedto V(Ⅴ);an equilibrium is established after92％of V is oxidized to V(Ⅴ).The roles of NaCl in the recovery of V_2O_5 from the coal ash were discussed.The best conditions for roasting are temperature750-800℃for1 h.underthe oxidation-chlorination atmosphere.When the ore:NaCl=100:10 by weight,η_roast reaches85.5％.According to the results,a flowsheet for V_2O_5 extrac-tion from coal ash has been proposed.     

Comparative analysis of contributing parameters for rainfall-triggered landslides in the Lesser Himalaya of Nepal

In the Himalaya, people live in widely spread settlements and suffer more from landslides than from any other type of natural disaster. The intense summer monsoons are the main factor in triggering landslides. However, the relations between landslides and slope hydrology have not been a focal topic in Himalayan landslide research. This paper deals with the contributing parameters for the rainfall-triggered landslides which occurred during an extreme monsoon rainfall event on 23 July 2002, in the south-western hills of Kathmandu valley, in the Lesser Himalaya, Nepal. Parameters such as bedrock geology, geomorphology, geotechnical properties of soil, and clay mineralogy are described in this paper. Landslide modeling was performed in SEEP/W and SLOPE/W to understand the relationship of pore water pressure variations in soil layers and to determine the spatial variation of landslide occurrence. Soil characteristics, low angle of internal friction of fines in soil, medium range of soil permeability, presence of clay minerals in soil, bedrock hydrogeology, and human intervention were found to be the main contributing parameters for slope failures in the region.     

Fragmentation during Rock Falls: Two Italian Case Studies of Hard and Soft Rocks

In recent years, rock fall phenomena in Italy have received considerable attention for risk mitigation through in situ observations and experimental data. This paper reports the study conducted at Camaldoli Hill, in the urban area of Naples, and at Monte Pellegrino, Palermo, Italy. The rocks involved are volcanic Neapolitan yellow tuff (NYT) in the former area and dolomitic limestone in the latter. Both rocks, even though with different strength characteristics, have shown a significant tendency towards rock fragmentation during run out. This behavior was first investigated by comparing the volumes of removable blocks on the cliff faces (V ₀) and fallen blocks on the slopes (V _f). It was assumed that the ratio V _f/V ₀ decreases with the distance (x _f) from the detachment area by an empirical law, which depends on a coefficient α, correlated with the geotechnical properties of the materials involved in the rock fall. Finally, this law was validated by observation of well-documented natural rock falls (Palermo) and by in situ full-scale tests (Naples). From the engineering perspective, consideration of fragmentation processes in rock fall modeling provides a means for designing low-cost mitigation measures.     

Spatial Database of Geological Survey Extent in 20th Century in China

During the whole 20th century in China, especially the latest 50 years, we have gotten much geological information about geological mapping, geophysics, geochemistry, mineral exploration,remote sensing, environmental geology, hydrogeology, engineering geology and oceanic geology etc. by our geologists and explorers. All the information has been accmnulated and can be used as a dcision-making foundation for the future plan of geological survey. The spatial database of geological survey ex-tents has been established by using computer technology. The database contained all kinds of exploration sections and collected about 160 000 records in this database. This paper introduces the data construc-tion ,contents and applying systemof this database, and trys to let people know what kinds of geological survey were finished, when the exploration were carried out, and how and where you can get this infor-mation.