实验变形煤结构演化的电子顺磁共振研究

通过１４件高温高压实验样品及其原样的电子顺磁共振研究,论述了温度、压力、应力、应变速率和应变强度等是影响变形煤化学结构演化的重要因素,但在不同的煤级中和不同的实验条件下,各因素所起的作用是不同的。变形煤ＥＰＲ参数的演化与镜质组反射率的变化密切相关,并且具有较好的规律性。说明镜质组反射率是煤化学结构演化的外在反映,是煤田构造研究中极为重要的标志物之一。     

岩溶水系统的混合模型——以北山岩溶水系统模拟为例

通过等效水箱模型,对北山矿区岩溶水系统的补给和排泄区,两个子系统间的水力通道进行模拟,求出五条通道的空间分布及过水能力参数,预测在矿山开采疏干时通道的最大过洪量,并以此提供数值模拟预测矿坑最大涌水量求解时的进水边界条件。      

An application of a new method in permafrost environment assessment of Muli mining area in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,China

The permafrost environment in the Muli mining area, an opencast mining site in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China, is now undergoing significant degradation because of the ongoing mining activities. The permafrost environment in this mining site had already been evaluated by previous study, in which analytic hierarchy process was applied. Although this method can roughly characterize the permafrost environment of this mining site, it has limitations by being easily affected by man-made factors. In view of this limitation, this study attempts to employ a new method, the catastrophe progression method, to estimate the current stage of the permafrost environment in this mining area. The results show that, by catastrophe progression method, currently the calculated indexes of the permafrost freezing–thawing disintegration, permafrost thermal stability, permafrost ecological fragility, and the permafrost environment are 0.43 (general situation), 0.77 (general situation), 0.71 (bad situation) and 0.83 (general situation), respectively. These values imply that the permafrost environment has been damaged by anthropologic activities to a certain degree and potentially may be further degenerated. However, at this degree, a new equilibrium stage of permafrost environment could be achieved if the current state of environmental degradation is stabilized and treatments are constructed against further damages.     

神经网络技术在地面沉降区划中的应用研究

复杂的第四系沉积环境构成地面沉降的地质背景，在对比分析第四系厚度、地下水位、含水层以及软土层发育程度的基础上，尝试性地运用人工神经网络技术对苏锡常地区地面沉降易发区进行识别。除基岩出露区外全区共被划分成4类块段，这种分布与第四系条件具有很强的空间相关性，经检验具有较高的可信度。     

Investigating soil thermodynamic parameters of the active layer on the northern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

The soil thermodynamic parameters, including thermal conductivity, diffusivity and volumetric capacity within the active layer on the northern Tibetan Plateau, were calculated using the measured data of soil temperature gradient, heat flux, and moisture at four stations from October 2003 to September 2004. The results showed that the soil thermodynamic parameters exhibited clear seasonal fluctuation. The thermal conductivity and diffusivity in summer and autumn at Beiluhe, Kexinling, and Tongtianhe were larger than those in winter. The volumetric thermal capacity causes an opposite change; it was larger in autumn and winter than in summer. In spring, the soil thermal conductivity at the Kekexili station was larger than that in summer. Generally, fine-grained soils and lower saturation degrees in the topsoil might be a reason for the lower soil thermal conductivity in winter. For a given soil, soil moisture was the main factor influencing the thermodynamic parameters. The unfrozen water content that existed in frozen soils greatly affected the soil thermal conductivity, whose contribution rate was estimated to be 55 %. The thermodynamic parameters of frozen soils could be expressed as a function of soil temperature, volumetric ice content and soil salinity, while for the unfrozen ground the soil moisture content is the dominant factor for those thermal parameters. As for the soil thermal diffusivity, there exists a critical value of soil moisture content. When the soil moisture content becomes less than a critical value, the soil thermal diffusivity increases as the soil moisture content rises.     

各向异性介质转换波速度逐层单参数分析方法

转换波的时距曲线是非双曲线方程,由于介质的各向异性,使得转换波在实际地层中的传播更为复杂.针对各向异性介质中PSV转换波的速度分析展开讨论,鉴于各向异性介质的PSV波速度分析不能脱离PP波数据而单独进行,在学习前人研究成果的基础上,充分利用PP波速度分析的有效信息,对PSV转换波进行逐层单参数分析,在一定程度上简化了速度分析的程序,提高了速度分析的精度,并通过理论模型试算,验证了方法的正确性和可行性.     

五台地区太白维山大型银矿床水系沉积物综合异常信息的提取

摘 要　 太白维山大型银矿床为典型的中低温火山-潜火山隐爆角砾岩型银矿床。其水系沉积 物异常强度高、面积大、元素套合好‚Ag、Pb、Zn、Mn 等单元素异常中心与矿床的产出部 位一致。利用1∶20万水系沉积物资料‚在各单元素异常成图的基础上筛选出主成矿因子得分 图、相似距离评价法、以及 AgCuPbZnCd／（Cu＋Zn＋Pb）、AgPbZnCd／（AuCuCoNi）等异常综合 指标‚应用到其他银多金属矿化区‚取得了较为理想的效果。     

微波消解-氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法测定茶园土壤中的铅

样品用王水微波消解浸提,氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定茶园土壤中痕量铅的含量。对样品浸取方法、实验条件、增感剂和共存元素进行了条件实验。结果表明,王水微波消解浸取,铅浸出量最大,减少了试剂用量和环境污染;铁氰化钾-盐酸羟胺体系有显著的增感作用,铁氰化钾在配制溶液时用米糠除去试剂中可能存在的铅,降低了空白;钴、锌、砷、镉等共存离子不干扰铅的测定,通过加入邻菲啰啉-硫氰酸钠消除铁和铜的干扰,提高了铅的回收率。方法检出限为0.65 μg/L,精密度(RSD,n=10)为1.89%,回收率在86.8%~110.4%之间。用土壤标准物质验证,测定值与标准值相符,方法快速准确,适合于大批量样品的分析检测。     

CSAMT在昌黎-黄金海岸地热勘查中的应用

介绍了可控源音频大地电磁场法(CSAMT)的方法原理、野外工作方法、仪器设备及方法的特点,较详细的介绍了CSAMTI法在昌黎-黄金海岸地热勘查中的应用实例与效果,表明该法是一种行之有效的物探方法,在地热资源勘查工作中可发挥较好的作用,应当积极推广应用.     

Comparison of magnetic parameters with vehicular Br levels in urban roadside soils

Chemical methods are generally chosen to monitor soil pollution but magnetic measurements proved to yield additional information at low cost and less time consumption. In this investigation, the novel use of rapid and non-destructive magnetic measurements to characterize Br levels in Xuzhou (China) urban roadside soils was reported. X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) was used to quantify Br in the soil samples. Data from 21 roadside soil samples confirm Br contamination, with a mean level of 4.36 mg kg⁻¹ and a range of 2.4–8.7 mg kg⁻¹. These values are higher than that of unpolluted soils in Xuzhou that averages 1.1 mg kg⁻¹. Hierarchical clustering analysis shows Br in Xuzhou roadside soils is mainly from road traffic. Clear correlations between Br levels and simple magnetic parameters [mass specific susceptibility (χ _LF), susceptibility of anhysteretic remanent magnetization (χ _ARM), saturation isothermal remanence (SIRM)] are observed. The present study shows that these three magnetic parameters can be used as a proxy for Br levels in Xuzhou urban roadside soils.