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251.
Sang Heon Lee Jongseong Ryu Jung-woo Park Dabin Lee Jae-Il Kwon Jingping Zhao SeungHyun Son 《Ocean Science Journal》2018,53(3):475-485
The Bering and Chukchi seas are an important conduit to the Arctic Ocean and are reported to be one of the most productive regions in the world’s oceans in terms of high primary productivity that sustains large numbers of fishes, marine mammals, and sea birds as well as benthic animals. Climate-induced changes in primary production and production at higher trophic levels also have been observed in the northern Bering and Chukchi seas. Satellite ocean color observations could enable the monitoring of relatively long term patterns in chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentrations that would serve as an indicator of phytoplankton biomass. The performance of existing global and regional Chl-a algorithms for satellite ocean color data was investigated in the northeastern Bering Sea and southern Chukchi Sea using in situ optical measurements from the Healy 2007 cruise. The model-derived Chl-a data using the previous Chl-a algorithms present striking uncertainties regarding Chl-a concentrations – for example, overestimation in lower Chl-a concentrations or systematic overestimation in the northeastern Bering Sea and southern Chukchi Sea. Accordingly, a simple two band ratio (Rrs(443)/Rrs(555)) algorithm of Chl-a for the satellite ocean color data was devised for the northeastern Bering Sea and southern Chukchi Sea. The MODIS-derived Chl-a data from July 2002 to December 2014 were produced using the new Chl-a algorithm to investigate the seasonal and interannual variations of Chl-a in the northern Bering Sea and the southern Chukchi Sea. The seasonal distribution of Chl-a shows that the highest (spring bloom) Chl-a concentrations are in May and the lowest are in July in the overall area. Chl-a concentrations relatively decreased in June, particularly in the open ocean waters of the Bering Sea. The Chl-a concentrations start to increase again in August and become quite high in September. In October, Chl-a concentrations decreased in the western area of the Study area and the Alaskan coastal waters. Strong interannual variations are shown in Chl-a concentrations in all areas. There is a slightly increasing trend in Chl-a concentrations in the northern Bering Strait (SECS). This increasing trend may be related to recent increases in the extent and duration of open waters due to the early break up of sea ice and the late formation of sea ice in the Chukchi Sea. 相似文献
252.
Hyo Keun Jang Jae Jung Kang Jae Hyung Lee Myungjoon Kim So Hyun Ahn Jin-Yong Jeong Mi Sun Yun In-Seong Han Sang Heon Lee 《Ocean Science Journal》2018,53(3):509-519
The high nutrient concentration associated with the mixing dynamics of two warm and cold water masses supports high primary production in the Yellow Sea. Although various environmental changes have been reported, no recent information on small phytoplankton contribution to the total primary production as an important indicator for marine ecosystem changes is currently available in the Yellow Sea. The major objective of this study is to determine the small (< 2 μm) phytoplankton contribution to the total primary production in the Yellow Sea during August, 2016. In this study, we found relatively lower chlorophyll a concentrations in the water column than those previously reported in the central waters of the Yellow Sea. Moreover, the overall contribution of small phytoplankton (53.1%) to the total chlorophyll a concentration was considerably higher in this study than that (10.7%) observed previously. Based on the N/P ratio (67.6 ± 36.6) observed in this study, which is significantly higher than the Redfield ratio (16), we believe that phytoplankton experienced P-limiting conditions during the study period. The average daily carbon uptake rate of total phytoplankton in this study was 291.1 mg C m-2 d-1 (± 165.0 mg C m-2 d-1) and the rate of small phytoplankton was 205.7 mg C m-2 d-1 (± 116.0 mg C m-2 d-1) which is 71.9% (± 8.8%) of the total daily carbon uptake rate. This contribution of small phytoplankton observed in this study appears to be higher than that reported previously. Our recent measured primary production is approximately 50% lower than the previous values decades ago. The higher contributions of small phytoplankton to the total chlorophyll a concentration and primary production might be caused by P-limited conditions and this resulted in lower chlorophyll a concentration and total primary production in this study compared to previous studies. 相似文献
253.
Kim Sangil Yoon Sang Chol Yoo Man Ho Park Kyung Woo Park Sang Rul Youn Seok-Hyun 《Ocean Science Journal》2019,54(1):129-139
Ocean Science Journal - Pyropia yezoensis cultured in the estuary of the Nakdong River in Korea is an important fisheries resource for the local economy. Over the past few decades, the... 相似文献
254.
255.
A.A. Marakushev A.V. Bobrov N.A. Paneyakh V.K. Garanin Lu Fengxiang Sang Longkang Chen Meihua 《地学前缘》2007,14(2):109-128
金刚石母岩可以是榴辉岩、辉石岩、橄榄岩等多种岩石,它们与金刚石都是在地幔深处形成的,并上侵最终固结于地壳中。母岩中的金刚石等矿物在地壳中又发生准稳定生长。地壳中金伯利岩和钾镁煌斑岩岩浆作用对金刚石母岩侵入体进行改造,使原生金刚石发生破碎、溶解、再生长等一系列变化,并形成巨晶、劣质金刚石和黑金刚石等新类型,这些现象不是在金刚石母岩形成之初发生的。 相似文献
256.
Myung Hyun Kim Sang Min Lee Jae Myung Lee Byung Jae Noh Wha Soo Kim 《Ocean Engineering》2010,37(14-15):1243-1252
The aim of this paper is to investigate the fatigue strength of the GTT Mark-III type LNG insulation system. The LNG insulation system consists of several composite layers with various connections; plywood, triplex, reinforced polyurethane foam and mastic. Consequently, the LNG insulation system may include mechanical failures such as cracks as well as delaminations within the layers due to sloshing impact loads and fatigue loadings. In addition, these failures may cause a significant decrease of structural integrity. In this study, a series of fatigue tests have been carried out for Mark-III type LNGC insulation systems at room temperature considering the effect of sloshing impact. The load levels have been determined based on the ultimate strength of reinforced polyurethane foam. The aim of the study is to investigate the typical failure characteristics of the MARK-III LNG insulation system and to obtain the S–N data under fatigue loading. A consolidated single S–N curve is obtained based on a systematic finite element procedure. Future use of the S–N data in fatigue analysis requires that the response analysis is carried out using a finite element model with the same mesh density and material properties. This study can be used as a fundamental study for the fatigue assessment of the LNGC insulation system as well as a design guideline. 相似文献
257.
Sang Hoon Lee Jang J. Bahk Han J. Kim Kyung E. Lee Hyeong T. Jou Bong C. Suk 《Geo-Marine Letters》2010,30(2):133-142
The depositional characters of densely dated turbidite successions originating from the southwestern margin of the Ulleung
Basin reveal changes in high-resolution frequency, failing areas, and relative volumes of slope failures over the past 29.4
cal. ka. Between 29.4 and 19.1 cal. ka B.P., various thin- to very thick-bedded turbidites accumulated at an average recurrence
interval of ca. 605 years. After 19.1 cal. ka B.P., turbidites were deposited with an average recurrence interval of 3,183
years, and their thickness abruptly decreased upward. These features suggest that various-scale slope failures occurred frequently
during the eustatic lowering of sea level, and the frequency and relative volumes of slope failures suddenly decreased after
sea level began to rise. When sea level was lowest (20.0–19.1 cal. ka B.P.), successive stacks of very thick turbidites can
most likely be ascribed to larger-volume mass failures. An upward change from muddy to sandy turbidites around 21.4 cal. ka
B.P. suggests that the failing areas retrograded from the muddy upper-middle slope to the sandy uppermost slope when sea level
was nearly at its lowest. Based on these findings together with published evidence, frequent mass failures between 29.4 and
19.1 cal. ka B.P. were plausibly triggered by earthquakes, in combination with reduced hydrostatic pressure that promoted
gas-hydrate dissolution during the eustatic lowering of sea level. These data on the frequency, scale, failing areas, and
triggering causes of slope failures along the southwestern margin over the past 29.4 cal. ka, not documented in earlier studies,
provide invaluable information to better understand the basin-scale characters and occurrences of latest Quaternary slope
failures in the Ulleung Basin. 相似文献
258.
FU Xiaoting LIN Hong KIM Sang Moo 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2008,7(1):97-102
Carbohydrases secreted by marine Vibrio sp. YKW-34 with strong Laminaria cell wall degrading ability were screened, and among them alginate lyase was found to be dominant. The effects of medium composition and culturing condition on the production of alginate lyase by marine Vibrio sp. YKW-34 in flask were investigated in this study. In the culture medium of marine broth, no alginate lyase was produced. The activity of the alginate lyase, after being induced, reached 5 UmL^-1. The best inoculum volume and inoculum age were 10% and 12h, respectively. The optimal temperature for alginate lyase production was 25℃. The fermentation medium was composed of 0.5% of Laminaria powder and 0.2% of KNO3 with an initial acidity of pH 8.0. Alginate could induce alginate lyase production but not as efficiently as Laminaria powder did. The addition of fucoidan, cellulose and glucose had negative effect on the alginate lyase production. Other kinds of nitrogen sources, such as yeast extract, beef extract and peptone, had positive effect on the growth of the microorganism and negative effect on alginate lyase production. In addition, the time course of alginate lyase production under the optimized condition was described. The optimal harvest time was 48 h. 相似文献
259.
利用2018年10月1日至2019年9月30日北京地区55个地面气象站的实况观测数据对欧洲中期天气预报中心的全球预报(ECMWF-thin)、国家气象中心区域预报(Grapes)、北京睿图(RMAPS)、国家级指导预报(SCMOC)、北京智能网格温度客观预报(BJTM)和集合相似预报(AnEn)的逐日最高、最低气温预报结果进行检验评估。结果表明:(1)ECMWF-thin模式预报效果优于Grapes和RMAPS,客观方法BJTM和AnEn对ECMWF-thin的改进效果明显。(2)AnEn在10月至次年4月预报效果好,BJTM在5—9月预报效果好;不同预报时效中,AnEn在短期、中期前段预报效果较好,BJTM在中期5~9 d预报效果相对较好。(3)以南郊观象台为代表站进行检验,结果显示模式预报均存在明显的系统偏差,客观方法对系统偏差有很好的订正效果。(4)在降水、大风或无天气系统时,BJTM、AnEn的日最高温度预报准确率较高;雾霾天气背景下,ECMWF-thin的最高温度预报准确率较高。雾霾、大风和无天气系统时,ECMWF-thin最低温度预报偏差最小,客观方法对模式预报无改进;降水天气背景下,RMAPS和BJTM对最低温度的预报偏差最小。 相似文献
260.