我国西南地区地面和低层大气臭氧的观测分析

本文介绍了1987—1989年在以重庆、成都和贵阳三地区为代表的西南地区进行了地面和低层大气臭氧的观测结果,给出了该地区大气臭氧时空分布的一些特征.分析表明,成都、重庆和贵阳等地区O_3浓度的时空分布及变化规律不尽相同,但都与前体污染物特征以及日照强度、大气层结稳定度.天气过程等密切相关.     

A STUDY ON THE RELATIONSHIPS OF THE NUTRIENTS NEAR THE CHANGJIANG RIVER ESTUARY WITH THE FLOW OF THE CHANGJIANG RIVER WATER

Investigations from August, 1985 to July , 1986 showed that the high concentration area of PO4-P , SiO3-Si and NO3-N gradually reduced with the reduction of the area of the Changjiang River diluted water from summer, autumn to winter , and that the seasonal distributions and variations of the nutrients concentrations were mainly controlled by the river flow and were also related to the growth and decline of phytoplankton . The conservation of SiO3-Si and NO3-N in the estuary in the flood season was poorer than that in the dry season .. The behaviour of PO4-P in the estuary shows that aside from -biological removal, buffering of PCU-P is possible in the estuary . The highest monthly average concentrations and annual average concentrations in the river mouth were respectively 0.88 and 0.57 umol/L for PO4-P,191.5 and 96.2 umol/L for SiO3-Si, and 81.6 and 58.6 umol/L for NOs-N . The Changjiang's annual transports of PO4-P , SiO3-Si and NO3-N to the sea were about 1.4×104tons , 204.4×104 tons and 63.6×104     

热源扰动对亚洲夏季风环流的影响

本文在用数值模拟方法模拟的非纬圈对称的夏季平均环流的基础上,在亚洲南部和澳大利亚地区引人热源扰动和冷源扰动,讨论这些冷热源扰动所引起的夏季风环流的改变以及流场扰动的结构和影响。     

Classification and Source Materials of Continental Crust Transformation Series Granitoids in South China

The granitoids of the continental crust transformation series in South China may be divided into threetypes: (1) synorogenic migmatic and magmatic type. (2) anorogenic continental crust anatexis type, and (3)syncollision type. Based on the results of Sr and Nd isotopic determinations, the source material compositionof the three types of granitoids is calculated with crust-mantle binary mixing simulation. The calculations indi-cate that the granitoids of the first type consist of 78.6-89.7% upper crust endmember materials and15.0-10.3% depleted mantle endmember materials, the granitoids of the second type are composed of 63.7%upper crust endmember materials and 36.3% depleted mantle endmember materials, and those of the third type100% upper crust endmember materials. Hence. the source material composition of the granitoids of all thethree types is dominated by upper crust endmembers.     

对中国大陆区域地磁场提取的认识

本文从球谐函数理论的物理含义、中国地磁数据的分布情况及实际计算结果的分析,提出对当前用球谐函数拟合法提取中国大陆区域地磁异常的几点认识。     

地磁干扰噪声的实验观测

为探查1988年3月前后在北京地磁台附近出现的较明显的地磁干扰噪声,我们在苏家坨—卧龙岗一带布设了8个测点,开展了专门的地磁干扰噪声实验观测。结果表明,该地磁干扰噪声主要是来自香山一带的电磁干扰,其次是北京市的地铁干扰。此地磁干扰噪声出现于每天06~h—23~h(北京时),其主要频谱成分在短周期(T=2—4 m)部分。另外本文的观测研究方法对于监测地磁台站(测点)的环境状况,改正受污染的地磁资料等方面具有实际应用价值。     

A giant avalanche on K2 mount,Karakorum

On September 16th, 1986, an ice avalanche from a hanging glacier near the K2 peak at 7800 m asl, Karakorum, triggered a massive avalanche of ice and snow. Ice and snow, impacting on the path, formed a dust cloud at the advancing tip. Grounding on the firn basin surface, ice and snow broke into fine powder and covered the whole basin. Fine powder of the dust cloud rose up to 500–600 m and drifted 4–5 km away. On the basis of field observations and measurements, topography and weather, conditions of the avalanche formation are analyzed. Judging by the data obtained, the avalanche was extremely large, its vertical descend being 2500 m, the maximum motion speed 124 m/s, volume of the avalanche mass 2 × 10⁵ m³ to 10⁷ m³, and impact pressure, as the avalanche grounded, 2.3 × 10⁶ Pa. It could have been one of the largest avalanches ever recorded, causing danger for mountaineering and expedition activities in this area.