The Remote Sensing Image Matching Algorithm Based on the Normalized Cross-Correlation and SIFT

SIFT (scale invariant feature transform) is one of the most robust and widely used image matching algorithms based on local features. However, its computational complexity is high. In order to reduce the matching time, an improved feature matching algorithm is proposed in this paper under the premise of stable registration accuracy. This paper proposed a normalized cross-correlation with SIFT combination of remote sensing image matching algorithm. The basic idea of the algorithm is performing the space geometry transformation of the input image with reference to the base image. Then the normalized cross-correlation captures the relevant part of the remote sensing images. By this way, we can reduce the matching range. So some unnecessary calculations are properly omitted. By utilizing the SIFT algorithm, we match the preprocessed remote sensing images, and get the registration points. This can shorten the matching time and improve the matching accuracy. Its robustness is increased correspondingly. The experimental results show that the proposed Normalized cross-correlation plus SIFT algorithm is more rapid than the standard SIFT algorithm while the performance is favorably compared to the standard SIFT algorithm when matching among structured scene images. The experiment results confirm the feasibility of our methods.     

An Automated Approach for Land Cover Classification Based on a Fuzzy Supervised Learning Framework

This paper proposes an automatic framework for land cover classification. In majority of published work by various researchers so far, most of the methods need manually mark the label of land cover types. In the proposed framework, all the information, like land cover types and their features, is defined as prior knowledge achieved from land use maps, topographic data, texture data, vegetation’s growth cycle and field data. The land cover classification is treated as an automatically supervised learning procedure, which can be divided into automatic sample selection and fuzzy supervised classification. Once a series of features were extracted from multi-source datasets, spectral matching method is used to determine the degrees of membership of auto-selected pixels, which indicates the probability of the pixel to be distinguished as a specific land cover type. In order to make full use of this probability, a fuzzy support vector machine (SVM) classification method is used to handle samples with membership degrees. This method is applied to Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) data of two areas located in Northern China. The automatic classification results are compared with visual interpretation. Experimental results show that the proposed method classifies the remote sensing data with a competitive and stable accuracy, and demonstrate that an objective land cover classification result is achievable by combining several advanced machine learning methods.     

常州市国土资源三级动态综合巡查系统设计与实现

本文结合常州市国土资源三级动态综合巡查系统的建设实践,对传统国土资源执法巡查工作由于欠缺技术手段造成的弊端进行了分析,依托3S技术、3G技术、空间数据库技术、嵌入式开发技术等现代技术,探讨和梳理了内业、外业一体化的巡查工作业务流程,设计和实践了乡、县、市三级国土资源管理部门上下联动的巡查业务新模型。     

Simulation of evapotranspiration and carbon dioxide flux in the wheat‐maize rotation croplands of the North China Plain using the Simple Biosphere Model

The North China Plain, which is critical for food production in China, is encountering serious water shortage due to heavy agricultural water requirement. The accurate modelling of carbon dioxide flux and evapotranspiration (ET) in croplands is thus essential for yield prediction and water resources management. The land surface model is powerful in simulating energy and carbon dioxide fluxes between land and atmosphere. Some key processes in the Simple Biosphere Model (Version 2, SiB2) were parameterized based on the observations. The simulated fluxes were tested against the eddy covariance flux measurements over two typical winter wheat/maize double cropping fields. A simple diagnostic parameterisation of soil respiration, not included in SiB2, was added and calibrated using the observations to model the carbon budget. The Ball‐Berry stomatal conductance model was calibrated using observed leaf gas exchange rate, showing that the original SiB2 could significantly underpredict the ET in the wheat field. SiB2 significantly underpredicted soil resistance at the Weishan site, leading to overpredict the ET. Overall, there was a close agreement between the simulated and observed latent heat fluxes and net CO₂ exchange using the re‐parameterized SiB2. These findings are important when the model is used for the regional simulation in the North China Plain. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

胶东牟平—乳山地区花岗岩副矿物特征及其成因

本文论述了牟平—乳山地区花岗岩的岩石学特征,副矿物组合特征,尤其是锆石特征,副矿物的化学成分与微量元素及稀土元素组合特征,并在此基础上探讨了花岗岩的成因。本区花岗岩的成因是复杂的,既有花岗岩化作用(交代作用)和深熔作用形成的花岗岩,又有岩浆分异结晶作用的产物。     

Hα Dimming Associated With the Eruption of a Coronal Sigmoid in the Quiet Sun

We report on the occurrence of Hα dimming associated with a sigmoid eruption in a quiet-sun region on 14 August 2001. The coronal sigmoid in soft X-ray images from the Yohkoh Soft X-ray Telescope was located over an Hα filament channel. Its eruption was accompanied by a flare of GOES X-ray class C2.3 and possibly associated with a halo coronal mass ejection (CME) observed with the Large Angle and Spectroscopic Coronagraphs (LASCO) on board the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO). During the eruption, coronal bipolar double dimming took place at the regions with opposite magnetic polarities around the two sigmoid ends, but the underlying chromospheric channel did not show observable changes corresponding to the coronal eruption. Different from the erupting coronal sigmoid itself, however, the coronal dimming had a detectable chromosphere counterpart, i.e., Hα dimming. By regarding the sigmoid as a coronal sign for a flux rope, these observations are explained in the framework of the flux rope model of CMEs. The flux rope is possibly deeply rooted in the chromosphere, and the coronal and Hα dimming regions mark its evacuated feet, through which the material is possibly fed to the halo CME.     

长江三峡库区地震地形变监测研究

三峡地壳形变监测网络结合空间大地测量(GPS、InSAR)和传统大地测量的优点，在1998年以来的三峡工程建设期间和2003年水库首次蓄水中获取了大量监测成果。结果显示库区地壳运动的基本图像：垂直形变较为显著，主要来自因蓄水荷载而产生的形变，水平形变不明显．库区主要断层的活动性在蓄水期间有明显加强迹象。水准测量反映从1998年首期观测至2003年10月首次蓄水后的库区垂直位移．沉降范围较大；GPS给出了2003年蓄水前后库区的垂直位移，形变的范围主要集中在水库近岸区域。水准测量与GPS观测反应的垂直位移的量级基本一致，沉降的最大幅度在3～4cm左右。水准监测、GPS观测与重力监测结果有一定的对应性。从地壳形变监测与研究结果分析，近期负荷改变而诱发中强地震的可能性不大。     

河南小秦岭金矿控矿条件分析及找矿前景

本文从矿源层控矿构造、区域变质、混合岩化、岩浆作用及多期次的热液成矿叠加作用等方面对金矿的控矿条件进行了较深入的分析，进一步提出了淘金沟─贵家峪一带为找金远景区；在文峪的深部可能有糜棱岩型或黄铁矿型金富集段的存在。     

常德1631年大震事件的多场点群发式构造模型

根据对常德1631年地震事件的史料鉴别,尤其是江陵为典型七度震害这一事实,运用震声传播方向和地光物理场以及地震烈度衰减关系,拟合推断此地震事件的序列主要由安乡北6 3/4级地震、常德北太阳山7级地震、澧县6级地震、大庸6级地震和澧县—安乡6 1/2级地震组成,相应的地震地质背景是江汉—洞庭地区晚更新世以来的剩余形变呈四象限分布。若考虑地震-构造相关分布为“Z”字型,则该地震事件的主控构造——太阳山断裂带东断裂具左旋走滑的力学机制。根据区域地震—构造相关发展过程,常德大震事件可视为1668年郯城8 1/2级地震的前震序列组成部分。     

现代传感器技术进展

本文扼要地介绍了世界各国生产、开发敏感器技术的进展情况;并指出现代传感器技术正朝着仿生代、量子化、集成化和智能化方向发展。