Construction of Porphyra yezoensis Pure Line from Protoplasts and Its 18S rDNA Sequence Determination

1　Introduction　PorphyraisthemainobjectforalgafarmingandplaysaveryimportantroleinChinesemarineindus tries.Recently ,therehasbeenagreatlossinPor phyracultivationduetothedegenerationoftheculti var,sothereisanincreasingdemandforgoodPor phyracultivars .Theprerequisiteofthetraditionalbreed ingandbioengineeringresearchofPorphyraistheconstructionofpurelines .Traditionally ,theclassifi cationofPorphyrawasaccordingtotheirmorphologi calcharacteristics .However ,mostmorphologicalfea turesofPorphyraar…     

Construction of Porphyra yezoensis Pure Line from Protoplasts and Its 18S rDNA Sequence Determination

The wild Porphyra yezoensis collected from the Qingdao coast was used to prepare protoplasts by enzyme digestion. The pure line was constructed by cultivating the protoplasts. The 18S rDNA of the P. yezoensis pure line was cloned and sequenced. Sequence analysis was executed for this sequence and other 22 sequences retrieved from GenBank. A phylogenetic tree was constructed using the neighbor-joining method. The results revealed a high diversity of 18S rDNA sequences in genus Porphyra and the considerable variation of 18S rDNA sequences in different strains of the same species P. yezoensis and P. tenera. Significant difference of 18S rDNA sequence was observed between P. yezoensis from Qingdao, China, and the two strains of P. yezoensis from Japan, but the three strains of P. yezoensis formed a stable clade in the phylogenetic tree. These results indicate the possibility of interspecies and intraspecies discrimination of Porphyra using the 18S rDNA sequences.     

Variations and statistical probability characteristic analysis of extreme precipitation events under climate change in Haihe River Basin,China

The magnitude and frequency of regional extreme precipitation events may have variability under climate change. This study investigates the time–space variability and statistical probability characteristics of extreme precipitation under climate change in the Haihe River Basin. Hydrological alteration diagnosis methods are implemented to detect the occurrence time, style and degree of alteration such as trend and jump in the extreme precipitation series, and stationarity and serial independence are tested prior to frequency analysis. Then, the historical extreme precipitation frequency and spatio‐temporal variations analyses are conducted via generalized extreme value and generalized Pareto distributions. Furthermore, the occurrence frequency of extreme precipitation events in future is analysed on the basis of the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovermental Panel on Climate Change multi‐mode climate models under different greenhouse gases emission scenarios (SRES‐A2, A1B and B1). Results indicate that (1) in the past, alteration of extreme precipitation mainly occurred in the area north of 38°N. Decreasing trends of extreme precipitation are detected at most stations, whereas jump alteration is not obvious at most stations. (2) Spatial variation of estimated extreme precipitation under different return periods shows similarity. Bounded by the Taihang Mountain–Yan Mountain, extreme rainfall in the Haihe River Basin gradually reduces from the southeast to the northwest, which is consistent with the geographical features of the Haihe River Basin. (3) In the future, extreme precipitation with return period 5–20 years accounts for a significant portion of the total occurrence times. The frequency of extreme precipitation events has an increase trend under A1B and A2 scenarios. The total occurrence times of extreme precipitation under A1B senario are not more than that under B1 senario until the 2030s. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

An open source toolkit for identifying comparative space-time research questions

Comparative space-time thinking lies at the heart of spatiotemporally integrated social sciences. The multiple dimensions and scales of socioeconomic dynamics pose numerous challenges for the application and evaluation of public policies in the comparative context. At the same time, social scientists have been slow to adopt and implement new spatiotemporally explicit methods of data analy- sis due to the lack of extensible software packages, which becomes a major impediment to the promotion of spatiotemporal thinking. The proposed framework will address this need by developing a set of research questions based on space-time-distributional features of socioeconomic datasets. The authors aim to develop, evaluate, and implement this framework in an open source toolkit to comprehen- sively quantify the changes and level of hidden variation of space-time datasets across scales and dimensions. Free access to the source code allows a broader community to incorporate additional advances in perspectives and methods, thus facilitating interdisciplinary collaboration. Being written in Python, it is entirely cross-platform, lowering transmission costs in research and education.     

基于RS与分形的下庄矿田线性构造空间特征分析

本文基于分形理论和RS技术,对遥感影像上所提取出来的线性构造信息进行定量分析、空间展布特征与铀矿富集关系的研究,并且简要阐述线性构造遥感影像机理和断裂构造信息的解译与提取。通过研究表明,下庄矿田断裂构造在0.3125—5km尺度范围内具有自相似性和分形特征,相关系数均超过0.98,并且在该尺度范围内断裂构造空间展布出现两个分形关系,在0.3125—1km尺度范围内分数维D1=1.0693,在1.25—4km尺度范围内D2=1.7469。这进一步表明该区断裂构造具有多重分形分布特征。其断裂构造展布在0.3125—1km小尺度范围内较小的分维值D1表明该区还有进一步勘探前景。     

滑动相关分析在重磁资料解释中的应用

给出了一种重磁异常滑动相关分析方法, 并例举了在重磁异常源性质判断、油气远景区划分、构造单元边界划分等方面的运用实例。     

中国气候与环境演变评估(Ⅱ)：气候与环境变化的影响与适应、减缓对策

 气候与环境变化对我国的影响表现在自然、社会、经济和政治等各个方面。通过对我国气候与环境影响的评估，从生态系统、农业、水资源、重大工程等方面进行了论述。在此基础上，从冰冻圈、生态系统、土地退化、工业、交通、服务业、城市与生活等几个方面进行了气候影响的利弊分析。进而评估了气候变化对我国区域可持续发展的影响，提出了气候变化的适应与减缓对策。     

"阿尔金群"的解体与阿尔金杂岩特征

阿尔金构造带因其所处青藏高原北缘构造转换主其地球动力学研究意义成为地学研究的热点地区，阿尔金群是该构造带的结晶基底。对它的研究以往主要集中于路线上，作者通过1：25万区调填图，对原阿尔金群的岩石组成、构造变形等作了系统调查后，认为：原阿尔金群是由前寒武纪不同时代中酸性变质古侵入体、变质表壳岩与含榴辉岩、石榴石二辉橄榄岩的高压超高压变质外来岩片等构成的构造杂岩，即阿尔金杂岩，真正的阿尔金岩群仅是其中的变质表壳岩类。阿尔金杂岩中不同地质体和不同岩类的变形及其相互关系复杂，它是经历了前寒武纪基底构造奠基－早古生代主造山期活化形成－晚古生代以来陆内变形多次改造而铸就的大型复合型构造带。     

西部矿业可持续发展的体制问题及解决途径研究——以新疆哈巴河县金矿业和富蕴县萨尔布拉克金矿为例

为实现西部矿业的可持续发展及生态环境保护，通过详细研究新疆北部的两个金矿业－－哈巴河县金矿业和富蕴县萨尔布拉克金矿的发展史及投入产出，指出阻碍矿业可持续发展及造成严重生态破坏和环境污染的根本问题在于有关体制问题，并提出一系列对有关体制进行改革的建议，这些改革建议为国家西部大开发过程中材绝国有资产流失和腐败滋生、实现生态环境保护和矿业可持续发展具有一定的现实意义。