闽中梅仙式铅锌银矿床矿质来源的硫、铅同位素示踪及成矿时代

福建闽中地区是我国又一个新的、重要的火山岩容矿块状硫化物铅锌多金属成矿带。为查明梅仙式铅锌银矿床的金属成矿物质来源和成矿时代,本文对其中5个主要矿床进行了矿石矿物和围岩的硫、铅同位素测试和同位素地质年代学研究。结果表明,不同矿床矿石硫化物的硫同位素组成变化范围较小且平均值接近于零,δ34S介于-3.5‰~ 5.6‰,平均 2.0‰,表明硫主要为岩浆来源,火山直接喷发和从容矿火山岩中淋取皆是可能的机制。大部分矿床矿石铅以放射性成因为特征(206Pb/204Pb>18.140、207Pb/204Pb>15.584、208Pb/204Pb>38.569),且矿石铅同位素值均大于围岩,指示铅可能主要是由容矿火山岩淋滤而来。根据矿床地质特征和同位素地质测年数据,厘定出两次重要的铅锌成矿作用,即中-新元古代海底火山喷流沉积同生成矿(赋矿围岩单颗粒锆石U-Pb法、Sm-Nd等时线法和40Ar-39Ar法年龄介于933~1788Ma)和燕山期岩浆热液叠加改造成矿(侵入岩锆石SHRIMPU-Pb和Rb-Sr等时线年龄为127~154Ma)。     

硅碳双键稳定性的CNDO/2法研究

本文用CNDO/2法研究了硅碳双键Si=C不稳定的原因。通过分析SiH_2CH_2的烷基和苯基取代物的计算结果,对有大基因连接硅碳双键的化合物之所以能稳定存在做了合理的说明。     

海水表面张力的研究

用最大泡压法测定大洋海水及其被纯水稀释的海水温度在１５－３５℃，盐度５－３５的表面张力，所得数据经计算机统计处理得出海水表面张力同温度和盐度之间的经验公式：σｓｔ＝７５．５９＋０．０２１３５２ｓ－０．１３４７６ｔ－０．０００２９５２９ｓｔ在分别恒定盐度、温度度时，海水表面张力与温度、盐度有很的线性关系；其温度系数和盐度系数均非常数，温度系数随盐度增加绝对值增大，而其盐度系数随温度升高而变小。     

赤鼻棱鳀松果体显微结构研究

本文用组织学方法研究了赤鼻棱鳀（Thrissapurava）松果体的形态结构，结果表明赤鼻棱鳀有松果体窗，并有发达的松果体，感光细胞聚集成团，顶突伸入终囊腔中，终囊类型为折褶型。背囊由单层细胞构成，细胞大而圆，松果体司感光内分泌功能。     

Rendering 2D Lines on 3D Terrain Model with Optimization in Visual Quality and Running Performance

With the gradual shift from 2D maps to a 3D virtual environment, various visual artifacts were generated by overlaying 2D map symbols on 3D terrain models. This work proposes a novel screen‐based method for rendering 2D vector lines with the accuracy of more than one pixel on the screen in real time. First, screen pixels are inversely projected onto a 3D terrain surface, and then onto the 2D vector plane. Next, these pixels are classified into three categories in terms of their intersection situation with the 2D lines. After that, a multiple sampling process is applied to the pixels that intersect with the 2D lines in order to eliminate visual artifacts, such as intermittence and aliasing (in pixel scale). Finally, a suitable point‐in‐polygon judgment is implemented to color each sample point quickly. The algorithm is realized in a heterogeneously parallel model so that the performance is improved and becomes acceptable.     

A new,high-resolution geoid for Canada and part of the U.S. by the 1D-FFT method

A new, high-resolution and high-precision geoid has been computed for the whole of Canada and part of the U.S., ranging from 35°N to about 90°N in latitude and 210°E to 320°E in longitude. The OSU91A geopotential model complete to degree and order 360 was combined with a 5 × 5 mean gravity anomaly grid and 1km × 1km topographical information to generate the geoid file. The remove-restore technique was adopted for the computation of terrain effects by Helmert's condensation reduction. The contribution of the local gravity data to the geoid was computed strictly by the 1D-FFT technique, which allows for the evaluation of the discrete spherical Stokes integral without any approximation, parallel by parallel. The indirect effects of up to second order were considered. The internal precision of the geoid, i.e. the contribution of the gravity data and the model coefficients noise, was also evaluated through error propagation by FFT. In a relative sense, these errors seem to agree quite well with the external errors and show clearly the weak areas of the geoid which are mostly due to insufficient gravity data coverage. Comparison of the gravimetric geoid with the GPS/levelling-derived geoidal heights of eight local GPS networks with a total of about 900 stations shows that the absolute agreement with respect to the GPS/levelling datum is generally better than 10 cm RMS and the relative agreement ranges, in most cases, from 4 to 1 ppm over short distances of about 20 to 100km, 1 to 0.5 ppm over distances of about 100 to 200 km, and 0.5 to 0.1 ppm for baselines of 200 to over 1000 km. Other existing geoids, such as UNB90, GEOID90 and GSD91, were also included in the comparison, showing that the new geoid achieves the best agreement with the GPS/levelling data.Presented at theIAG General Meeting, Beijing, P.R. China, Aug. 6–13, 1993     

青岛城市环境地理信息系统(UEGIS)的设计与实现

本文以青岛城市环境地理信息系统为例 ,利用 GIS技术论述了地理信息系统在环境管理中的应用 ,对系统软件的设计与实现作了介绍和分析 ,着重论述了系统的技术关键和解决方案。说明了利用 GIS技术给环境管理工作带来的便利 ,及对环境地理信息系统的发展前景作了展望。     

Effect of Three Gorges Dam on Poyang Lake water level at daily scale based on machine learning

Lake water level is an essential indicator of environmental changes caused by natural and human factors. The water level of Poyang Lake, the largest freshwater lake in China,has exhibited a dramatic variation for the past few years, especially after the completion of the Three Gorges Dam(TGD). However, there is a lack of more accurate assessment of the effect of the TGD on the Poyang Lake water level(PLWL) at finer temporal scales(e.g., the daily scale). Here, we used three machine learning models, namely, an Artificial Neural Network(ANN), a Nonlinear Autoregressive model with eXogenous input(NARX), and a Gated Recurrent Unit(GRU), to simulate the daily lake level during 2003–2016. We found that machine learning models with historical memory(i.e., the GRU model) are more suitable for simulating the PLWL under the influence of the TGD. The GRU-based results show that the lake level is significantly affected by the TGD regulation in the different operation stages and in different periods. Although the TGD has had a slight but not very significant impact on the yearly decline of the PLWL, the blocking or releasing of water at the TGD at certain moments has caused large changes in the lake level. This machine-learning-based study sheds light on the interactions between Poyang Lake and the Yangtze River regulated by the TGD.     

江苏盐城沿海滩涂湿地生态修复研究

盐城沿海滩涂湿地区域是我国重要海岸开发区域之一,滩涂湿地保护与开发利用的矛盾也不断凸显。论文分析了盐城沿海滩涂湿地生态修复原则,包括整体性与主导性原则、区域性原则、效益最优与协调发展原则、可持续原则;明确了盐城沿海滩涂湿地生态修复的目标,并从自然条件、生态功能和产业发展三个方面确定了生态修复类型划分的依据。最后,将盐城沿海滩涂湿地生态修复类型分为护岸修复、生态系统修复、环境修复和产业修复,并分析了不同修复类型所对应的生态修复方法及典型案例区,对促进盐城沿海滩涂湿地资源的合理开发利用与保护具有重要意义。     

煤和含煤岩系成油理论研究和演变历史

运用系统的历史和现实类比分析方法,对世界含煤岩系煤成油田的源岩成熟度、烃源岩类型和煤成油田形成条件进行了综合研究。结果表明,煤虽能生油,但难以形成有商业意义的油田;含煤岩系中泥岩是煤成油田形成的主要贡献组分,在含煤盆地中,难以形成低熟煤成油田。