Ore—Forming Conditions and the Process of Gold Mineralization of Wendeng Gold Deposit,Shandong—Application of Cathodo—Luminescence in Fluid Inclusion Studies

The Wendeng gold deposit is located 30 km northwest of Wendeng City,Shandong Province, occurring in a brecciated alteration zone in the foot wall of the NNE-striking fault(F1). It consists of quartz, pyrite, specularite, potash feldspar, sericite, carbonates and chlorite hosted in Proterozoic biotite-plagioclasee gneiss. Three generations of quartz are recognized based on cathodoluminescence and micro morphology. Systematic studies of fluid inclusions provide data to establish P-T-V-X relations for the fluid evolution in mineralization process.It is concluded that the ore-forming solution was evolved from meteoric water through ghermal events during Mesozoic tectonics. The precipitation of gold was related to two boiling events.     

新疆伽师地震区三维Qem>值结构

利用中国地震局地球物理勘探中心1998年在伽师地震区记录的天然地震资料，通过地震记录波形资料的衰减来反演伽师地震区地壳介质的三维Ｓ波Q值结构，并初步了解该地震区内地壳深部断层的大致形态．首先，对精选的450多次地震记录的Ｓ波求出其振幅谱，称为观测振幅谱；然后，假设震源符合布伦圆盘位错模式，在对仪器和场地效应校正之后，用非线性阻尼最小二乘法对理论振幅谱和观测振幅谱进行拟合，从而得到观测吸收特征时间；最后，利用三维射线追踪方法，对理论吸收特征时间与观测吸收特征时间进行非线性阻尼最小二乘拟合．在拟合过程中，速度模型保持不变．速度模型是通过三维走时层析成像得到的，只修改Q值模型，当拟合达到给定精度后，便得到最终的Q值模型．结果表明，在10～18ｋｍ 的深度范围内，存在一个北东向的低Q值条带；在12～18ｋｍ 的深度范围内，存在一个北西向的低Q值条带．这与他人所做的北东向、北西向的两个低速条带较接近．不同的是，低Q值条带深度范围比低速带的更大一些．      

秦岭三叠纪古海盆的生态地层、生物古地理特征及其演化

本文在对西秦岭4条剖面进行生态地层研究的基础上,通过生态地层对比揭示了三叠纪秦岭海盆进化的一般模式和海平面变化的细节。古生物地理分析表明:三叠纪时,秦岭北侧属于温带生物区系,秦岭南部属于热带-亚热带生物区系。秦岭各区与邻区之间生物相似性系数研究表明,秦岭三叠纪海盆具有一定的宽度和深度,但不是宽广的大洋。     

山东诸诚地区胶南群榴辉岩围岩高压变质作用特征

大别－苏北－胶南－荣成含榴辉岩带长达１３００ｋｍ，胶南合榴辉岩地体位于这一变质带中段。本文通过对胶南地体西北缘的诸城地区榴辉岩围岩的岩石学、矿物学及热力学等方面的研究，首次在该区发现了一些高压的特征矿物：（石榴）镁钠门石暗硬玉片麻岩中暗硬玉具有较高的硬玉分子含量，最高达２２．５ｍｏｌ％，并具明显的成份环带；石榴多硅白云母二长片麻岩及石榴多硅白云母变粒岩中，多硅白云母略具粉红色多色性，其中Ｓｉ＝３．４４～３．５５，ｂ０＝９．０６。同时探讨了胶南群变质作用特征及Ｐ—Ｔ—ｔ演化趋势。     

国内发现锌铝磷酸盐矿物──水羟磷铝锌石

水羟磷铝锌石是一种罕见的磷酸盐类矿物,在我国该矿物于1983年始发现于广东宝坑的锰矿区。该矿物的化学成分为ZnO 20.79,P_2O_5 34.76,FeO 0.67,Al_2O_3 24.38,H_2O 19.79(%)。晶体浅黄色、透明,X射线衍射特征强线为:4.76(10),9.095(8),3.638(6),3.333(6),3.313(6),3.095(6),4.91(5),晶胞参数a_0=7.274?,b_0=7.185?,c_0=9.788?,β=110.244°,单斜晶系,其矿物学特征与澳大利亚发现的水羟磷铝锌石基本一致。     

新一代中国数字地震台网（NCDSN）台站系统

以白家疃数字地震台为例，介绍了新一代中国数字地震台网（ＮＣＤＳＮ）台站系统的各种硬件单元及它们的相互联系与特征。同时介绍了系统的频率响应、数据流和动态范围，并与中国数字地震台网（ＣＤｓＮ）—期设备进行了简单比较。     

老厂铅锌矿床地质地球化学的研究

根据老厂铅锌矿床的地质特征、稀土元素地球化学、气液包裹体、稳定同位六、容矿地层元素丰度等方面的研究，认为该矿床成因属溶滤－再造后成矿床。     

Analysis of a PAH-degrading bacterial population in subsurface sediments on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge

Little is known about the types and concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) existing in the deep-sea subsurface environment, which is believed to be cold, oligothrophic and of high static pressure. PAHs in the upper layers of the water column are unavoidably subjected to degradation while they are deposited to the sea floor and become embedded in the deep-sea sediment. In this report, a high concentration of PAHs was discovered in the sediment 2.7 m beneath the bottom surface at a water depth of 3962 m on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR). The total concentration of PAHs was 445 ng (g dry wt sediment)^-1. Among the seven detected PAHs, the concentrations of phenanthrene (222 ng g^-1) and fluorene (79 ng g^-1) were relatively high. In addition, PAH-degrading bacteria were found within the sediments. As in a previously detected site on the MAR, in the PAH-enriched region of this site, a bacterium of the genus Cycloclasticus was found to be the predominant isolate detected by PCR-DGGE analysis. In addition, bacteria of the Halomonas, Marinobacter, Alcanivorax, Thalassospira and Maricaulis genera, were also included in the PAH-degrading community. In summary, a high concentration of PAHs was detected in the subsurface of the deep-sea sediment, and once again, the Cycloclasticus bacterium was confirmed to be a ubiquitous marine PAH degrader even in the subsurface marine environment. Considering the abundance of PAHs therein, biodegradation is thus thought to be inactive, probably because of the low temperature, limited oxygen and/or limited nutrients.     

基于Holland台风模型及三重嵌套海浪模式的台风浪数值模拟研究

现有的风场资料存在台风中心附近风速偏低的问题。为改进台风期间风场数据, 使用Holland经验台风模型结合多平台交叉校准数据(cross-calibrated multi-platform, CCMP)及欧洲中期天气预报中心的再分析数据(European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts Reanalysis data, ERA5)风场资料, 研究了不同台风最大风速半径(maximum wind radius of the typhoon, RMW)、Holland B参数对模拟效果的影响, 确定了最优模拟参数, 并以改进后的风场驱动三重嵌套海浪模型对台风“威马逊”发生期间的台风浪进行模拟。模拟结果与实测数据对比表明, (1)改进的风场资料与实测结果更为接近, 作为海浪模式驱动项可更好地模拟台风期间波浪状况; (2)三重嵌套海浪模型的波浪模拟效果优于单独的海浪模型。     

Modelling the effects of climate change on methane emission from a northern ombrotrophic bog in Canada

Peatlands are a large potential source of methane (CH₄) to the atmosphere. In order to investigate the effects of climate change on CH₄ emission from northern ombrotrophic peatlands, a simulation model coupling water table dynamics with methane emission was developed for the Mer Bleue Bog in Ontario, Canada. The model was validated against reported values of CH₄ flux from field measurements and the model outputs exhibited high sensitivity to acrotelm thickness, leaf area index, transmissivity and slope of water table. With a 2–4°C temperature rise over the 4-year simulation period, the rate of CH₄ release dropped significantly to under 0.1 mg m⁻² day⁻¹. On the other hand, mean CH₄ emission increased by >26-fold when the increase in precipitation was >15%. When looking at the combined effects, the highest CH₄ release (13.3 mg m⁻² day⁻¹) was attained under the scenario of 2°C temperature rise and 25% precipitation increase. Results obtained in this study highlight the importance of avoiding more extreme climate change, which would otherwise lead to enhanced methane release from peatlands and further atmospheric warming through positive feedback.