基于SRTM资料的小海岛CFD计算模型构建——以东澳岛为例

提出了一种利用SRTM资料构建海岛CFD计算模型的技术方法,并以珠江口的东澳岛为对象,进行了模型构建试验及边界层风场的数值模拟试验.实验结果表明,SRTM资料作为开源的资料,可有效地解析空间尺度在1 km以内数量级的海岛地形,并可以此为基础构建用于CFD模拟的计算模型,真实地刻画出岛屿的地形.利用计算模型进行的模拟试验表明,岛屿地形对风场的影响明显,且这种影响可以被计算模型有效地描述.所提出的技术未来在海岛风资源评估、风电场选址、污染扩散等领域有望发挥作用.     

Preservation of earthen heritage sites on the Silk Road,northwest China from the impact of the environment

The Silk Road played an important role in the economic and cultural exchanges between central China, Europe and Central Asia. A number of heritage sites with significant values still remain throughout the Gobi Desert and other desert regions in Northwest China. Most of the heritage sites composed of adobeern materials and the earthen structures have been impacted by adverse environmental conditions for thousands of years causing severe damage with only a small proportion of the structures left surviving to the present day. Analysis of the main environmental factors affecting the heritage sites such as temperature difference, wind storms, rain storms, and the freeze–thaw process and a study of the mechanism of the deterioration are the main topics presented in this paper. The authors have concluded that a Potassium–Silica solution PS invented by one of the authors has been effective in improving the intrinsic properties of heritage site earthen structures with regard to reducing the impact of environmental damage. The results of comparative tests show that samples treated by using the PS solution have performed well, particularly in protecting structures from aeolian erosion and heavy rainfall. Some findings on the effect of PS treatment on earthen structures at heritage sites are discussed in detail in the present paper.     

柴达木盆地北缘侏罗系页岩气资源潜力分析

柴达木盆地北缘侏罗系是中国西北地区重要的含煤岩系,同时也是重要的烃源岩层段。在柴北缘侏罗系有多个厚层泥页岩分布区,整体来看西北部泥页岩厚度大于东南部,其中鄂博梁—冷湖地区在中侏罗世长期处于沉积中心,沉积环境主要为浅湖和半深湖,水体稳定,碎屑物质供给充足,沉积了一套厚—巨厚层泥页岩,有效泥页岩厚度在600~1200m。根据干酪根元素组成等测试结果,研究区侏罗系泥页岩中的有机质类型为Ⅱ—Ⅲ2型,以生气为主生油为辅。泥页岩有机碳平均含量为2.02%,其中冷湖地区泥页岩有机质含量最高,可达8.26%。中、下侏罗统烃源岩除鱼卡、大煤沟成熟度较小外,其它地区均进入生气高峰期,个别地区已达过成熟阶段。柴北缘侏罗系泥页岩厚度大、有机质含量较高,成熟度适中,初步认为具备形成页岩气藏的良好地质条件。     

COSI-Corr技术在风沙地貌研究中的初步应用及精度检验

沙丘移动与形态监测是风沙地貌研究的重要内容,传统的测量方法对大范围的风沙地貌进行动态监测存在很大的困难。光学影像配准与关联（Co-registration of Optically Sensed Images and Correlation,COSI-Corr）技术的出现为区域风沙地貌的动态演化与监测研究提供了良好契机。讨论了COSI-Corr技术在沙丘移动和形态监测中的优势和存在的主要问题,通过无人机野外地面实测结果检验了COSI-Corr的测量精度。结果表明：沙丘背风坡底缘COSI-Corr测量精度最高,月测量误差0.01～0.53 m,达到影像分辨率的1/30像元;在沙丘背风坡底缘,COSI-Corr测量精度与沙丘底面积呈线性关系,底面积越大,COSI-Corr测量误差越大;个别沙丘脊线部位出现极大异常点,与沙丘脊线部位的光噪影响有关。COSI-Corr技术在风沙地貌监测中尚属起步阶段,一些具体的问题还需要我们在实践中不断的去检验和改进,但它确实极大提高了野外风沙地貌动态监测的效率,为研究大尺度范围内风沙地貌的时空动态演化过程提供了可能,在未来的风沙地貌研究中将具有广阔的应用前景。     

2007—2015年江西省短历时强降水时空分布特征分析

选取2007—2015年江西省1 895个地面气象站的降水观测资料,分别统计分析了20 mm≤1 h降水量＜30 mm、30 mm≤1 h降水量＜50 mm、1 h降水量≥50 mm、3 h降水量≥50 mm、6 h降水量≥50 mm短历时强降水的年际变化、季节变化、日变化和空间分布特征。结果表明： 1）从年际变化来看,1 h降水量≥20 mm短历时强降水的日数呈现增多的趋势。2）从季节变化来看,短历时强降水天气主要出现在4—9月,其中6月短历时强降水日数最多,1、2、12月最少;5—8月有超过80％的站点出现短历时强降水天气。3）从日变化来看,短历时强降水易发生在傍晚至上半夜时段,主峰值区出现在17—21时,次峰值出现在08—09时;4）从空间分布来看,不同降水强度的短历时强降水的发生日数均呈“西少东多”的空间分布特征,其中九江地区的降水日数偏少,抚州、鹰潭地区偏多。     

广域电磁法在郑州地区深部地热资源勘查中的应用

应用广域电磁法对郑州地区深部寒武-奥陶系岩溶型热储进行探测研究,共布设了4条NNE向广域电磁测深剖面,获得了415个测深点。通过对广域电磁测深数据的处理、分析和反演,获得了研究区内4000 m以浅的二维电性结构模型。综合区域地质资料,地层由新到老依次划分为第四系-新近系、三叠系、二叠系-石炭系、奥陶系-寒武系、元古界。推断了新郑-太康断裂、大隗镇断裂、张庄断裂、推断断裂F4和李粮店断裂的位置、产状等信息。其中,新郑-太康断裂为新郑凸起与薛店-尉氏南次凹带的分界断裂,控制了三叠系沉积。基于地层和断裂分布特征,推断了7个深部寒武-奥陶系岩溶型热储的有利部位,认为位于新郑-太康断裂的DR1热储部位成热条件最好。     

复杂勘探目标区岩性预测技术及其在海拉尔盆地乌南地区的应用

海拉尔盆地乌尔逊凹陷南部地区构造和断裂复杂,多物源,短物源,相变快,因而导致下白垩统南屯组岩性有利目标区预测难度大。根据层序地层学和坡折带理论,以地震资料为基础,建立了一套新的地震精细解释、复杂勘探目标区岩性体识别及三维可视化刻画等全三维地震解释技术体系。认为乌东斜坡发育三个坡折带,第三坡折带下倾方向和第二坡折带具备形成岩性油气藏的地质条件,应用频谱分析和三维可视化技术在乌东斜坡带南屯组识别有利扇体10个,面积145km2,部署探井5口,其中4口获工业性油流,1口获低产工业性油流,探井符合率100%。     

Electron Probe Microanalysis of Variable Oxidation State Oxides: Protocol and Pitfalls

Electron probe microanalysis of geological oxide materials relies on stoichiometric considerations to estimate the content of undetermined oxygen and thus calculate ZAF (atomic number, absorption, fluorescence) matrix correction factors, requiring the valences of cations in the corresponding software to be unambiguously defined. However, stoichiometric ZAF corrections may be problematic in the presence of other undetermined elements or variable valence state cations. Herein, we analyse several oxides containing such cations, that is magnetite (Fe₃O₄), haematite (Fe₂O₃), hausmannite (Mn₃O₄) and cuprite (Cu₂O). We compare data re‐calculated for incorrect valence states ( Method 1 ) with reference values, revealing incorrect results, due to an incorrect amount of oxygen used in the matrix correction. Some solid‐solution series of haematite and magnetite were also modelled in CalcZAF program to prove the relative errors when the incorrect oxygen is used. To resolve these issues, we describe two accurate methods. Method 2 uses the true valence states of analysed elements. In Method 3, all cations are analysed as metals, with the content of undetermined oxygen determined by difference. As EPMA software does not allow the use of non‐integer valences, Method 3 is applicable to cations with non‐integer or dubious valences in cases where these non‐integer valences cannot be defined.     

����AutoCAD VBA��ֱ������������������

???????AutoCAD????????????????????????÷?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????VBA?????????????б?д???????????о?????????????????????κ????????????????????????????????????о??????????????????????????????????????λ?÷??????????????????÷???????????????á????????Ч???????????????????????????????????     

湖南煤层气资源及其分布特征

为更好地开发利用湖南煤层资源,根据《新一轮全国油气资源评价》方案计算了湖南煤层气资源量、可采资源量和资源丰度,并探讨了其分布特征。经计算汇总,湖南煤层气地质资源量和可采资源量分别为780.80×108m3和325.94×108m3,煤层气资源丰度为0.30×108m3/km2。煤层气风化带~1 000m和1 000～1 500m的煤层气资源量分别为489.81×108m3和290.99×108m3。湖南煤层气资源主要分布在下石炭统测水组和上二叠统龙潭组中,分别为317.13×108m3和463.67×108m3,其中,下石炭统测水组煤层气资源主要分布在涟邵目标区的渣渡、金竹山、太平寺、冷水江等含煤向斜区域,上二叠统龙潭组煤层气资源主要分布在郴耒目标区的永耒、梅田、白沙、马田等含煤向斜区域。