Observed water current and transport through Qiongzhou Strait during August 2010

The velocity structure of the residual current across an entire section of the Qiongzhou Strait(QS) in summer is presented for the fi rst time. Shipboard Acoustic Doppler Current Profi le measurements, from the mid-region of the QS(110.18°E), were collected on 1–4 August 2010. The diurnal tidal currents had their maximum amplitudes between 4.24 and 20.24 m. Their amplitude along the major axis ranged from approximately 0.55 m/s in the middle part of the strait(20.15°N) to 0.84 m/s in the north part of the strait(20.20°N). Both anticlockwise and clockwise tidal current rotations exist in the QS. During the observation period(neap tide), a signifi cant westward residual current occupied almost the entire study section. Two velocity cores of westward current were observed at the northern part and near the deepest trough, although an eastward current appeared in the middle part of the transect. The deepest core was located near 62 m at 20.13°N, with a maximum velocity of-0.34 m/s. The shallower core was located at approximately 16 m at 20.20°N, with a maximum velocity of-0.33 m/s. The estimated total volume of water transported through the QS was-0.16 Sv. This value is an important boundary condition, applicable to numerical models studying coastal ocean circulation in the northwestern South China Sea.     

前期夏季西太平洋暖池热含量对江南春雨的影响及其可能机理

利用GODAS海洋温度资料、中国753站逐日降水资料以及NCEP/NCAR逐日再分析资料讨论了前期夏季西太平洋暖池热含量异常对江南春雨的影响,并通过高低层环流异常解释了其可能过程和机制。研究结果表明:(1)前期夏季暖池区热含量影响春雨的敏感海区位于9°~16°N,150°~166°E,与春雨强度呈显著反相关,前期夏季关键区热含量的显著偏低是春雨异常偏多的强信号。(2)多雨年和少雨年大气环流差值场与夏季暖池热含量(取反号)回归的次年春季大气环流形态基本一致。低层菲律宾海异常反气旋西北侧的暖湿西南气流输送及江南地区高层辐散抽吸运动是造成春雨偏多的直接原因。(3)关键区热含量在前期夏季的异常偏低使低层异常反气旋在其西北侧触发生成,并在菲律宾海附近持续存在(前夏至当年春季),春季引导强盛的西南气流向江南输送水汽;同时,热含量异常偏低在我国大陆东部激发出高层异常气旋并持续维持(前秋至当年春季),导致春季西风急流轴异常南压,高层形成异常辐散中心,形成强烈的抽吸作用,导致江南春雨显著偏多。前夏热含量显著偏高引起江南春雨偏少的过程则与之相反。     

Properties of Klebsiella phage P13 and associated exopolysaccharide depolymerase

The bacteriophage P13 that infects Klebsiella serotype K13 contains a heat-stable depolymerase capable of effective degradation of exopolysaccharide(EPS) produced by this microorganism. In this study, the titer of phage P13, initially 2.0 × 107 pfu mL-1, was found increasing 20 min after infection and reached 5.0 × 109 pfu mL-1 in 60 min. Accordingly, the enzyme activity of depolymerase approached the maximum 60 min after infection. Treatment at 70℃ for 30 min inactivated all the phage, but retained over 90% of the depolymerase activity. Addition of acetone into the crude phage lysate led to precipitation of the protein, with a marked increase in bacterial EPS degradation activity and a rapid drop in the titer of phage. After partial purification by acetone precipitation and ultrafiltration centrifugation, the enzyme was separated from the phage particles, showing two components with enzyme activity on Q-Sepharose Fast Flow. The soluble enzyme had an optimum degradation activity at 60℃ and pH 6.5. Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated that the phage P13 particles were spherical with a diameter of 50 nm and a short stumpy tail. It was a double-strand DNA virus consisting of a nucleic acid molecule of 45976 bp. This work provides an efficient purification operation including thermal treatment and ultrafiltration centrifugation, to dissociate depolymerase from phage particles. The characterization of phage P13 and associated EPS depolymerase is beneficial for further application of this enzyme.     

日喀则近53年气候变化特征分析

利用线性趋势函数及Mann-Kendall突变检测分析法,分析了西藏藏南河谷日喀则气象站气温及降水近53年的气候变化特征。结果表明,年平均气温与极端气温均呈上升趋势,而最高气温的上升趋势尤为明显,年降水量波动上升。冬春季增温趋势较秋、夏季更为明显,春夏季降水呈增加趋势,而秋季降水略有减少。Mann-Kendall突变检测表明,近53年日喀则地区气温有明显的增暖趋势,但20世纪60—70年代变冷趋势亦十分显著,在2001年温度发生一次突变。年降水量在1958年发生了由少向多的突变,但这一突变仅维持到20世纪60年代中期。     

一种Pb-PbCl2不极化电极试验研究

在分析不极化电极基本实现原理的基础上,研究和讨论影响地电场测量电极工作稳定性的主要技术因素,采用Pb-PbCl2技术方案和可螺旋拆解的分体式结构,完成一种不极化电极的研究和试验。结果表明：①该电极的主要技术性能不低于目前国内外在该领域的指标要求;②在性能试验期间,极化电位的一致性和稳定性均较高;③应用研究过程中,较好记录了地电场日变化和地电暴等背景变化。     

一种基于指数函数的遥感水体信息提取方法

MODIS数据具有高时相分辨率、高光谱分辨率和中等地面分辨率的特征,利用MODIS数据来监测和提取旱情严重地区的水体信息已经成为一个重要的研究方向.本文利用各类地物在MODIS各个波段上的波谱特征差异性进行水体提取,但与以往水体信息提取方法有创新之处在于:本文借助于非线性的指数函数对低反射的水体的反射率进行了拉伸而对高...     

Geochemistry and origin of deep-seated cracked gas on the northern slope of the Dongying Sag, Shandong Province

Deep-seated cracked gas exploration was achieved great breakthrough in Es4L of the Minfeng area on the northern slope of the Dongying Sag. Carbon isotopic and molecular compositions studies revealed the characteristics of wet gas and a normal trend of carbon isotopic composition. Empirical cutoff points of δ13C2 and δ13C3 and light hydrocarbon compositions distinguished the cracking gas as sapropelic gas. Variations in i/nC5, i/nC4 and δ13C2 fur-ther confirmed that the gas was cracked from residual kerogen. Source characteristics indicated that the gas was de-rived from mature-highly mature source rocks of Es4 with kerogen type II being dominant mixed with some oil-cracking gas. Burial history modeling indicated that there were two hydrocarbon charging periods in Es4L reser-voirs. The first period refers to the Guantao-Minghuazhen stage dominated by oil charging, while the second period refers to the Minghuazhen stage and has been dominated by cracked gas charging till now.     

英山数字地震台的勘选及建设

通过对英山数字地震台台址背景噪声的分析和计算,得出了台址背景噪声地脉动速度均方根(RMS)值、观测动态范围和噪声信号功率谱,表明台址地脉动噪声水平基本符合数字地震观测技术规范要求.     

On verification of the new criterion of adiabaticity by numerical simulation of acoustic propagation through the polar front

To assess the adiabaticity of acoustic propagation in the ocean is very important for acoustic field calculation (forward problem) and tomographic retrieving (inverse problem). A new criterion of adiabaticity is proposed recently (Shang et al., 2001). In this paper, numerical simulation has been conducted for acoustic propagation through the Polar Front to verify the new criterion. Numerical results on the f (frequency)-m (mode number) plan demonstrate that the new criterion works very well for this extremely non-gradual ocean structure.     

风云四号静止轨道气象卫星成像仪典型观测区域设计

风云四号气象卫星是我国新一代静止轨道气象卫星,采用三轴稳定姿态控制方式,极大地提高对地观测精度及观测频次,同时也对有效载荷观测模式的灵活设计提出了更高要求。星上装载的静止轨道辐射成像仪是我国静止轨道气象卫星携带的同类仪器中最为先进的。利用最先进的观测仪器,提高观测效率,在气象服务中发挥更大的作用是气象卫星应用的根本。深入探讨了风云四号静止轨道气象卫星成像仪的工作模式,首次针对不同的观测需求提出了灵活的成像仪观测区域设计方案,有效满足典型区域的不同观测需求,在成像仪在轨测试中发挥了重要作用,为开展业务运行奠定了坚实的基础。