阿勒泰中部地区树轮宽度年表特征及其对气候的响应

利用采自阿勒泰中部地区6个低海拔(1354-1970m)样点的西伯利亚落叶松(Larix sibirica Ledeb.) 或西伯利亚云杉(Picea obovata Ledeb)样本,建立各采点的树轮宽度指数年表。分析标准化树轮宽度年表的特征参数及对气候的响应表明：1.拜克托别标准化树轮宽度年表包含的气候信息最多,其次是大东沟前标准化树轮宽度年表。2.6个标准化树轮宽度年表与阿勒泰中部地区自建站以来的气象数据进行相关普查发现拜克托别及大东沟前标准化树轮宽度年表与6-8月降水量、4-8月降水日数呈显著正相关,石人东年表与7-8月平均最高气温呈显著负相关。这些相关具有明确的树木生理学意义。     

Adsorption of dimethyl trisulfide from aqueous solution on a low-cost adsorbent: thermally activated pinecone

Thermally activated pinecone(TAP) was used for the adsorption of dimethyl trisulfide(DMTS)from aqueous solutions,which was proved to be the main odorous in algae-caused black bloom.The effects of adsorbent dosage,adsorbate concentration and contact time on DMTS biosorption were studied.The TAP produced at 600℃ exhibited a relatively high surface area(519.69 m~2/g) and excellent adsorption capacity.The results show that the adsorption of DMTS was initially fast and that the equilibrium time was6 h.Higher initial DMTS concentrations led to lower removal percentages but higher adsorption capacity.The removal percentage of DMTS increased and the adsorption capacity of TAP decreased with an increase in adsorbent dosage.The adsorption process conforms well to a pseudo-second-order kinetics model.The adsorption of DMTS is more appropriately described by the Freundlich isotherm(R~2=0.996 1) than by the Langmuir isotherm(R~2=0.916 9).The results demonstrate that TAP could be an attractive low-cost adsorbent for removing DMTS from water.     

特殊霜成因浅析

2005年12月17日16时,在永济市中条山（尧王台附近）200m高处发现有水汽的冻结、凝结物,本文称为特殊霜。当时观察到：①特殊霜形状各异,有木耳状、刨花状、蘑菇状、石花状和普通霜状等,最大直径约4cm;②特殊霜颜色白到乳白,且带有明显的透明与不透明相间的似树木年轮的花纹;③特殊霜出现在山北坡背阴少见阳光浅草丛中,凝结于地表土面和千草秆上,见图1;     

江苏省2006年酸雨分布特征及其与气象条件的关系分析

统计江苏省4个酸雨监测站2006年的酸雨监测资料得到:徐州、南京的年酸雨发生频率高于常年同期,年平均pH值低于常年同期;常州、淮安的年酸雨发生频率比常年同期偏少,年平均pH值高于常年同期;各站的月酸雨发生频率呈逐月上升趋势,秋冬季酸雨发生频次均高于历史同期.结合同步的气象要素分析发现,降水强度、风、前期气候状况以及天气系统等都与酸雨的发生有密切关系.     

Fractionation,distribution and transport of mercury in rivers and tributaries around Wanshan Hg mining district,Guizhou Province,Southwestern China: Part 2 – Methylmercury

Water samples were collected during normal flow (2007) and during a drought period (2008) from five rivers and tributaries draining the Wanshan Hg mining district, Guizhou, China. Unfiltered methylmercury (MeHg) as well as particulate and dissolved fractions of MeHg (P-MeHg, D-MeHg) were measured to assess the spatial and temporal variation of MeHg contamination in the local river system. Most locations (about 80%) displayed higher MeHg concentrations during drought period than during normal discharge conditions. Concentrations of MeHg during the drought period ranged from <0.035 to 11 ng L⁻¹ (geometric mean: 0.43), while during normal flow the concentrations ranged from <0.035 to only 3.4 ng L⁻¹ (geometric mean: 0.21). Concentrations of MeHg were positively correlated with total Hg (THg) concentrations (R² = 0.20–0.58, P < 0.001) and inversely related to distance from the calcines, during both sampling periods (R² = 0.34 and 0.23, P < 0.001, for low and normal flow, respectively) indicating that calcines may be important sources of MeHg to the downstream environment. Approximately 39% of MeHg was bound to particulates and the rest was transported in the dissolved phase along stretches of the entire river, which was different from THg, as this was mainly transported bound to particulates (commonly more than 80%).     

基于条件价值法评估罗源湾海洋生物多样性维持服务价值

海洋生物多样性维持服务指海洋中不仅生活着丰富的生物种群,还为其提供了重要的产卵场、越冬场、索饵场、避难所、栖息地等场所.基于条件价值法,于2009年8月对福建罗源湾周边城镇居民进行问卷调查,掌握当地居民对保护罗源湾生物多样性的支付意愿,进而评估罗源湾生物多样性维持服务价值.结果显示,2009年罗源湾4种珍稀生物的支付意愿为618.8元/户.2004-2008年罗源湾生物多样性维持服务价值分别为747.17万元、1 912.52万元、2 565.08万元、3 821.92万元、5 272.00万元.分析表明:家庭年收入、对保护生物的了解程度和环保意识是影响生物多样性维持服务价值的主要因素.对于保护海洋生物多样性来说,经济发展政策和环保政策都是必要的,如何做好这2个政策的平衡是政府应该关注的.     

开疆文化在海南的地域扩散与整合

在界定海南文化是一种开疆文化的基础上 ,对其地域扩散与整合进行了研究。指出 ,开疆文化在海南岛的传播扩散有别于大陆文化传播中占主流的沿江河、沿平原扩散的模式 ,而呈现出以移民和传染方式为主 ,先西后东 ,先北后南按海拔从沿海向腹部五指山 ,从低到高渐次推延的文化传播特点。此外 ,海南文化的形成 ,实际上是各种形式的开疆文化在海南地域上的一种文化长期作用的结果。即是在黎族文化本底的基础上 ,经历史时期汉、苗、回等民族文化 ,以及近代华侨文化、农垦文化等多种文化长期影响 ,并经相互碰撞、彼此融合等错综复杂的相互作用后 ,在海南这一地域环境下整合生成的一种海岛文化。     

秦皇岛市韩庄锶－偏硅酸天然矿泉水

韩庄矿泉水井位于混合花岗岩二级台地上。矿泉水是降水经由混合花岗岩的风化裂隙和构造裂隙深循环而成。涌水量８１．７９ｍ￣３／ｄ。水中含锶１．１６ｍｇ／Ｌ偏硅酸４９．４ｍｇ／Ｌ。矿化度２９３．２ｍｇ／Ｌ，水化学类型为硫酸重碳酸氯化物－钙·钠型水。矿泉水井位于风景优美的秦皇岛市郊，无工业污染，并有广阔的销售前景，是有潜力的矿泉水生产基地。     

贵州岑巩区块下寒武统变马冲组黑色页岩沉积地球化学特征及其沉积环境意义

基于钻井岩心资料,对贵州岑巩区块下寒武统变马冲组黑色页岩取心段进行系统采样、主微量元素测试及沉积地球化学分析。研究结果表明：1）古盐度判别指标Sr/Ba及Rb/K分布显示,下寒武统变马冲组黑色页岩沉积时期属局限海背景下的半（微）咸水—淡水相沉积,变马冲组一段—三段古盐度垂向变化不大;Sr丰度与碳酸盐矿物含量之间具明显的响应关系;2）古氧相指标V/Cr、Ni/Co、U/Th比值及δU值分布表明变马冲组黑色页岩沉积为氧化为主、间或贫氧的环境,V/（V+Ni）比值判别偏于还原环境;3）古气候判别参数“C”、Sr/Cu及SiO₂/Al₂O₃比值表明该套页岩沉积期主体属温湿气候,利于有机质形成;4）古水深及离岸远近判别参数Rb/Zr、Sr/Ba比值分布显示水体较浅、离岸较近的沉积特征,结合物源及沉积构造背景指征参数分析,变马冲组黑色页岩属大陆边缘离岸较近、水体较浅的陆源碎屑沉积。此研究认识揭示了岑巩区块下寒武统沉积环境的演化,进而为该套黑色页岩的有机质富集机理及页岩气选区评价提供一定的地质依据。     

MicroStation J项目定制的研究

简略介绍了MicroStation J下的项目定制的机制、项目设置文件中主要字段的含义、项目的目录结构以及自定义用户的项目内容等。最后介绍了结合江苏省1：50000DLG生产而开发的项目定制实例。