全文获取类型
收费全文 | 326篇 |
免费 | 16篇 |
国内免费 | 19篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 4篇 |
大气科学 | 18篇 |
地球物理 | 106篇 |
地质学 | 122篇 |
海洋学 | 17篇 |
天文学 | 65篇 |
综合类 | 10篇 |
自然地理 | 19篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 2篇 |
2023年 | 4篇 |
2022年 | 6篇 |
2021年 | 6篇 |
2020年 | 8篇 |
2019年 | 11篇 |
2018年 | 27篇 |
2017年 | 18篇 |
2016年 | 19篇 |
2015年 | 27篇 |
2014年 | 20篇 |
2013年 | 31篇 |
2012年 | 22篇 |
2011年 | 27篇 |
2010年 | 20篇 |
2009年 | 13篇 |
2008年 | 14篇 |
2007年 | 17篇 |
2006年 | 7篇 |
2005年 | 7篇 |
2004年 | 11篇 |
2003年 | 5篇 |
2002年 | 13篇 |
2001年 | 6篇 |
2000年 | 6篇 |
1999年 | 3篇 |
1998年 | 2篇 |
1997年 | 2篇 |
1996年 | 1篇 |
1995年 | 2篇 |
1994年 | 1篇 |
1993年 | 1篇 |
1992年 | 1篇 |
1989年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有361条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
271.
Andrey Petrovich Fedotov Michael A. Phedorin Mark De Batist Galina A. Ziborova Alexsey Yu Kazansky Michael Yu Semenov Galina G. Matasova Andrey V. Khabuev Sergey A. Kugakolov Sergey V. Rodyakin Svetlana M. Krapivina Tom Pouls 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2008,39(3):335-348
We use high-resolution reflection seismic data and detailed grain-size analysis of a drill core (KDP-01) from Lake Khubsugul
(northern Mongolia) to provide an improved reconstruction of the glacial history of the area for the last 450 ka. Grain-size
analysis of suspended sediment load in modern rivers draining into the lake and of moraine material from the northern part
of the catchment shows that the silt fraction is transported to the central part of the lake mainly by river suspension, whereas
the clay fraction is mainly transported by glacial meltwater during deglaciation. The changes in of the clay/silt ratio in
Lake Khubsugul sediments correlates well with the standard global paleoclimate records: low clay/silt ratios indicate warm
climates, while a high clay/silt ratio reflects glacial erosion and cold climates. Pulses of clay input into the lake occur
at the final stages of glacial periods (i.e., glacial maxima and subsequent onsets of deglaciation). The periodicity in glacial
clay input in Lake Khubsugul is in tune with global periods of deglaciation, but there are differences in the intensity of
the deglacial events for MIS-12 and MIS-2. These differences are attributed to specific conditions in regional distribution
of moisture during glaciation, glacial ice volumes, and solar insolation intensity at the onset of deglaciation. Deglaciation
of the Khubsugul glaciers occurred in response to an increase in summer solar insolation above a threshold value of 490 W/m2. Two types of deglaciation can be distinguished: (1) slow melting during several tens of 1,000 years during weak increases
in summer insolation, and (2) short and fast melting during several thousands of years in response to strong increases in
summer insolation. The maximum ice volume in the area of Lake Khubsugul during the past 450 ka occurred during the period
of 373–350 ka BP (MIS 11a-10) and was caused by high levels of moisture in the region, whereas the MIS-2 and MIS-12 glacial
periods were characterized by minima in ice volume, due to the strong aridity in the region. 相似文献
272.
Sergey R. Verkulich Martin Melles Hans-Wolfgang Hubberten Zinaida V. Pushina 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2002,28(2):253-267
The lithology, radiocarbon chronology, granulometry, geochemistry and distribution of diatoms were investigated in three sediment cores from fresh-water Figurnoye Lake in the southern Bunger Hills, East Antarctica. Our paleolimnological data provide a record of Holocene environmental changes for this region. In the early Holocene (prior to 9.0 ± 0.5 kyr BP), warm climate conditions caused intensive melting of either the floating glacier ice mass or glaciers in the immediate lake surroundings, leading to the accumulation of terrigenous clastic sediments and limiting biogenic production in the lake. From ca. 9.0 ± 0.5 to 5.5 ± 0.5 kyr BP, highly biogenic sediments dominated by benthic mosses formed, indicating more distal glaciers or snowfields. A relatively cold and dry climate during this period caused weaker lake-water circulation and, likely, occurrence of lake ice conditions were more severe than present. The distribution of marine diatoms in the cores shows that, sometime between 8 and 5 kyr BP, limited amounts of marine water episodically penetrated to the lake, requiring a relative sea-level rise exceeding 10–11 m. During the last ca. 5.5 ± 0.5 kyr BP, sedimentation of mainly biogenic matter with a dominance of laminated microbial mats occurred in the lake under warm climatic conditions, interrupted by relative coolings: the first one around 2 kyr BP and then shortly before recent time. Between ca. 5.5 and 4 kyr BP, the drainage of numerous ice-dammed lakes took place in the southern Bunger Hills and, as a result, drier landscapes have existed here from about 4 kyr BP. 相似文献
273.
Ulrike Löptien Olga Zolina Sergey Gulev Mojib Latif Vladimir Soloviov 《Climate Dynamics》2008,31(5):507-532
Cyclone activity and life cycle are analysed in the coupled GCMs ECHAM5/OM and ECHAM4/OPYC3. First, the results for the present
climate (1978–1999) are compared with ERA-40 and NCEP/NCAR reanalyses, showing a drastic improvement in the representation
of cyclone activity in ECHAM5/OM compared to ECHAM4/OPYC3. The total number of cyclones, cyclone intensity, propagation velocity
and deepening rates are found to be much more realistic in ECHAM5/OM relative to ECHAM4/OPYC3. Then, changes in extra tropical
cyclone characteristics are compared between present day climate and future climate under the emission-scenario A1B using
ECHAM5/OM. This comparison is performed using the 20-year time slices 1978–1999, 2070–2090 and 2170–2190, which were considered
to be representative for the various climate conditions. The total number of cyclones does not undergo significant changes
in a warmer climate. However, regional changes in cyclone numbers and frequencies are evident. One example is the Mediterranean
region where the number of cyclones in summer increases almost by factor 2. Some noticeable changes are also found in cyclone
life cycle characteristics (deepening rate and propagation velocity). Cyclones in the future climate scenario tend to move
slower and their deepening rate becomes stronger, while cyclone intensity does not undergo significant change in a warmer
climate. Generally, our results do not support the hypothesis of enhanced storminess under future climate conditions. 相似文献
274.
Seislet变换是一种小波类数学变换方法,主要根据不同小波级数上地震同相轴的局部倾角的不同来分析数据.一般意义上,测线方向上的离散小波变换(DWT)是一种特殊的零局部地震倾角的seislet变换.早期的工作基于低阶版本的离散小波变换来构建seislet变换,在本文中,通过使用Cohen-Daubechies-Feauveau (CDF) 9/7双正交小波变换(常用于JPEG2000压缩标准)作为框架,扩展高阶seislet变换方法.通过分析理论模型和实际数据的处理结果,并对比傅里叶变换、离散小波变换和低阶seislet变换,高阶seislet变换可以为地震数据提供更好的压缩比.因此更加适用于地震数据去噪处理. 相似文献
275.
Margarita Markina Alexander Gavrikov Sergey Gulev Bernard Barnier 《Ocean Dynamics》2018,68(11):1593-1604
The spatial resolution of wind forcing fields is critical for modeling ocean surface waves. We analyze here the performance of the non-hydrostatic numerical weather prediction system WRF-ARW (Weather Research and Forecasting) run with a 14-km resolution for hindcasting wind waves in the North Atlantic. The regional atmospheric model was run in the domain from 20° N to 70° N in the North Atlantic and was forced with ERA-Interim reanalysis as initial and boundary conditions in a spectral nudging mode. Here, we present the analysis of the impact of spectral nudging formulation (cutoff wavelengths and depth through which full weighting from reanalysis data is applied) onto the performance of the modeled 10-m wind speed and wind wave fields for 1 year (2010). For modeling waves, we use the third-generation spectral wave model WAVEWATCH III. The sensitivity of the atmospheric and wave models to the spectral nudging formulation is investigated via the comparison with reanalysis and observational data. The results reveal strong and persistent agreement with reanalysis data during all seasons within the year with well-simulated annual cycle and regional patterns independently of the nudging parameters that were tested. Thus, the proposed formulation of the nudging provides a reliable framework for future long-term experiments aiming at hindcasting climate variability in the North Atlantic wave field. At the same time, dynamical downscaling allows for simulation of higher waves in coastal regions, specifically near the Greenland east coast likely due to a better representation of the mesoscale atmospheric dynamics in this area. 相似文献
276.
The value of the 133Xe/133mXe isometric activity ratio for the stationary regime of reactor work is about 35, and that for an instant fission (explosion) is about 11, which allowed estimation of the nuclear component of the instant (explosion) energy release during the NPP accident. Atmospheric xenon samples were taken at the trajectory of accident product transfers (in the Cherepovetz area); these samples were measured by a gamma spectrometer, and the 133Xe/133mXe ratio was determined as an average value of 22.4. For estimations a mathematic model was elaborated considering both the value of instant released energy and the schedule of reactor power change before the accident, as well as different fractionation conditions on the isobaric chain. Comparison of estimated results with the experimental data showed the value of the instant specific energy release in the Chernobyl NPP accident to be 2·105–2·106 J/Wt or 6·1014–6·1015 J (100–1,000 kt). This result is matched up to a total reactor power of 3,200 MWt. However this estimate is not comparable with the actual explosion scale estimated as 10t TNT. This suggests a local character of the instant nuclear energy release and makes it possible to estimate the mass of fuel involved in this explosion process to be from 0.01 to 0.1% of total quantity. 相似文献
277.
A robust approach to time‐to‐depth conversion and interval velocity estimation from time migration in the presence of lateral velocity variations 下载免费PDF全文
Sergey Fomel 《Geophysical Prospecting》2015,63(2):315-337
The problem of conversion from time‐migration velocity to an interval velocity in depth in the presence of lateral velocity variations can be reduced to solving a system of partial differential equations. In this paper, we formulate the problem as a non‐linear least‐squares optimization for seismic interval velocity and seek its solution iteratively. The input for the inversion is the Dix velocity, which also serves as an initial guess. The inversion gradually updates the interval velocity in order to account for lateral velocity variations that are neglected in the Dix inversion. The algorithm has a moderate cost thanks to regularization that speeds up convergence while ensuring a smooth output. The proposed method should be numerically robust compared to the previous approaches, which amount to extrapolation in depth monotonically. For a successful time‐to‐depth conversion, image‐ray caustics should be either nonexistent or excluded from the computational domain. The resulting velocity can be used in subsequent depth‐imaging model building. Both synthetic and field data examples demonstrate the applicability of the proposed approach. 相似文献
278.
Genrietta A. Pospelova Elżbieta Król Galina M. Levkovskaya Jadwiga Kruczyk Magdalena Kądziałko-Hofmokl Sergey A. Kulakov 《Acta Geophysica》2007,55(4):619-639
The paper presents the results of experimental rock-magnetic, paleomagnetic and palynologic study of Paleolithic sediments
sampled along two profiles in the Akhshtyrskaya cave, situated in the vicinity of Black Sea shore. In the upper part of profiles,
some magnetite was observed; in the middle and lower parts, strongly oxidized non-stoichiometric magnetite and hematite prevail.
Thin maghemite covers on the surface of fine magnetite grains are present in the majority of specimens. Natural remanence
has one characteristic component (CHRM), mostly of chemical origin, although in few specimens containing magnetite it may
be sedimentary. Directions of CHRM obtained by standard paleomagnetic methods revealed anomalous pattern only in layer 3/2,
which is slightly older than the overlying layer 3/1 whose age was established as (35±2)×103 years BP by the U-Th method. This suggests that this paleomagnetic anomaly (PMA) can be correlated with Kargapolovo excursion
dated on about (45−39)×103 years BP. In the remaining overlying and underlying layers, directions of CHRM are grouped around the present geomagnetic
field. Depth distributions of scalar magnetic parameters generally coincide with the lithological division of the profiles.
Palynologic study revealed the presence of 22 pollen zones. Five thermomers separated with colder periods were found in the
middle and lower parts of profile. The non-magnetite composition of magnetic fraction of the majority of studied sediments
— oxidized nonstoichiometric magnetite and hematite — resulted in the lack of correlations between paleoclimatic and scalar
magnetic characteristics. 相似文献
279.
Perov Veniamin Chernomorets Sergey Budarina Olga Savernyuk Elena Leontyeva Tatiana 《Natural Hazards》2017,88(1):199-235
The total area of debris flow territories of the Russian Federation accounts for about 10% of the area of the country. The highest debris flow activity areas located in Kamchatka-Kuril, North Caucasus and Baikal debris flow provinces. The largest debris flow events connected with volcano eruptions. Maximum volume of debris flow deposits per one event reached 500 × 106 m3 (lahar formed during the eruption of Bezymyanny volcano in Kamchatka in 1956). In the mountains of the Greater Caucasus, the maximum volume of transported debris material reached 3 × 106 m3; the largest debris flows here had glacial reasons. In the Baikal debris flow province, the highest debris flow activity located in the ridges of the Baikal rift zone (the East Sayan Mountains, the Khamar-Daban Ridge and the ridges of the Stanovoye Highland). Spatial features of debris flow processes within the territory of Russia are analyzed, and the map of Debris Flow Hazard in Russia is presented. We classified the debris flow hazard areas into 2 zones, 6 regions and 15 provinces. Warm and cold zones are distinguished. The warm zone covers mountainous areas within the southern part of Russia with temperate climate; rain-induced debris flows are predominant there. The cold zone includes mountainous areas with subarctic and arctic climate; they are characterized by a short warm period, the occurrence of permafrost, as well as the predominance of slush flows. Debris flow events are described for each province. We collected a list of remarkable debris flow events with some parameters of their magnitude and impact. Due to climate change, the characteristics of debris flows will change in the future. Availability of maps and information from previous events will allow to analyze the new cases of debris flows. 相似文献
280.
Popova Elena A. Lushnikov Sergey G. Yakovenchuk Victor N. Krivovichev Sergey V. 《Mineralogy and Petrology》2017,111(6):827-832
Mineralogy and Petrology - The crystal structure of a new structural variety of loparite (Na0.56Ce0.21La0.14Ca0.06Sr0.03Nd0.02Pr0.01)Σ=1.03(Ti0.83Nb0.15)Σ=0.98O3 from the Khibiny alkaline... 相似文献