OC4漂浮式风电平台的水弹性响应及波浪载荷研究

漂浮式风电平台在波浪中的摇晃运动会导致塔架根部产生很大的弯矩,极大地威胁平台结构安全。同时流体的附连水质量效应对平台塔架结构的动响应有着较为显著的影响,因此充分考虑这种流固耦合效应有利于更加准确地评估平台塔架的结构动响应。采用三维频域线性水弹性方法计算塔架在流体作用下的结构共振频率特征以及各阶模态振动的主坐标响应特性,然后通过弹性模态叠加法获得塔架的弯矩载荷。并结合概率学手段,预报了短期极限海况下塔架弯曲载荷响应,为新一代漂浮式风电平台结构安全性评估和方案设计提供了技术支撑。     

Computing the Light Periods of Blazars with the Periodogram Spectral Analysis Method

The periodogram spectral analysis method applicable to equallyspaced time series is discussed, and the method is tested first with a simulated data series. It is confirmed that this method is effective for noisy series. Then, applying this method to the analysis of the light periods of the quasars 3C 279 and 3C 345 as well as the BL Lac objects OJ 287 and ON 231, we obtain their light periods to be 7.14 yr, 10.00 yr, 11.76 yr and 6.80 yr, respectively. These results obtained by periodogram spectral analysis are consistent with those obtained by the Jurkevich method in the literature. We have analyzed the effects of different window functions, and commented on their correct selection in practical applications.     

Comparison of ecophysiological characteristics between introduced and indigenous mangrove species in China

Due to its rapid growth, the introduced mangrove species Sonneratia apetala from Bangladesh has been widely used in mangrove restoration in southeastern China since 1985. As an indigenous mangrove species in Hainan, China, Sonneratia caseolaris was also planted in Guangdong Province for afforestation purposes. Both species have developed well in their new habitats, but their ecophysiological differences with the native mangrove species have not been studied. In this study, leaf gas exchange, water and nitrogen use efficiencies of two Sonneratia species were compared with those of selected native mangrove species (Avicennia marina, Aegiceras corniculatum, Kandelia candel, and Excoecaria agallocha) in Hainan and Shenzhen. The introduced S. apetala maintained lower carbon assimilation rate (A) and photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency (PNUE) than the indigenous S. caseolaris. In Shenzhen, the two introduced Sonneratia had comparable photosynthetic rates and water use efficiency (WUE) with the native mangrove species, except that PNUE in S. caseolaris was significantly higher than in the native mangrove species. The two Sonneratia species showed significant overlap in PNUE and long-term WUE. Photosynthetic parameters derived from leaf photosynthetic light–response curves and A–C_i curves also suggested lower carbon assimilation capacities for the introduced Sonneratia than for the native mangrove species in both study sites. The lower light compensation point (LCP) of two introduced Sonneratia in both study sites also indicated a better adaptation to a low light regime than the native mangrove species. The results of photosynthetic capacities indicated that the introduced mangrove species have little competitive advantage over local native mangrove species in their respective new habitats.     

爆破加速度测量及标定误差分析

本文首先介绍了在频率域上对爆破加速度测量系统的低频响应误差和高频响应误差的详细分析过程,并对输入、输出波形采用频谱分析及计算幅频曲线,用幅频曲线所包围的不同面积来计算经过测量系统后所引起的误差.其次介绍了采用傅里叶变换法如何在频率域上标定冲击加速度计,给出了确定加速度灵敏度的方法.     

一种带误差校正的横波速度预测方法

本文提出一种基于纵横波速度关系的带误差校正的横波速度预测方法,它主要针对在进行横波速度预测时所采用纵波模量M近似变换结果与标准的Gassmann关系(K变换)之间存在的误差提出了校正的方法,并给出了完整的基于纵横波速度关系的带误差校正横波预测技术流程,该技术是一个简单实用的横波速度预测工具.     

历史时期(1765-1980年)西藏水旱雪灾规律的探讨

本文利用近千份藏文灾情历史档案和清政府驻西藏办事大臣有泰的日记和联豫的奏稿,以及西藏气象观测记录(1951—1980年),对西藏高原历史时期的水、旱、雪灾作了初步探讨,主要结论如下: 1.近百年来藏南的水旱灾是交替出现的,有三个多水期(1883—1906,1916—1934,1947—1962)和三个干旱期(1907—1915,1935—1946,1963—1980)。干旱期有逐渐加长的趋势。 2.西藏除了有变干的总趋势外,水旱灾还有明显的3.8—2.6年的周期。这与普遍存在的“准两年脉动”周期大体上一致。 3.藏南农区的降水量即使高于常年的一倍也不易形成洪水泛滥和大面积的内涝,但年降水量比常年少100mm以上就可造成严重干旱,农业生产大幅度减产。 4.造成西藏干旱的原因很多也很复杂,除高原气候近期有变干暖的总趋势外,近20年来水浇地和有效灌溉面积的扩大,以及农作物的种植比例不适当,象过份扩大冬小麦种植面积等亦会造成农业干旱。 5.19世纪以来,藏北高原共发生15次严重大雪灾,其中尤以1828—1829年,1927—1928年,1887—1888年三次雪灾最为严重。但近50年,发生的雪灾较过去有所减轻。不过,1967—1968年雪灾也较为严重。     

塔里木河流域适应气候变化和人类活动的应对措施

自2001年开始实施塔里木河流域近期综合治理工程,提出了以强化流域水资源统一管理和调度为核心,以源流区节水改造和干流河道治理为重点进行综合治理,积极稳妥地进行经济结构调整,实施退耕封育保护,有效保护好现有天然林草植被.通过向塔里木河下游生态输水,干涸近30a的台特玛湖于2001年11月16日开始有水,使塔里木河下游绿色走廊得到初步复苏等,流域生态环境得到极大的恢复.然而,自2007年以来,塔里木河向下游输水已大为减少,仅能输水到中游,特别是2009年水文干旱,塔里木河干流断流达1 100km多,使下游绿色走廊再度陷入生态危机.为此,需要重新审视塔里木河流域的综合治理,从加强源流治理开始,来巩固干流治理成果.认真总结10a来治理经验与教训,针对人类活动和气候变化对源流与干流造成的影响程度,积极采取应对措施.     

Temporal–spatial variability of atmospheric and hydrological natural disasters during recent 500 years in Inner Mongolia,China

Natural Hazards - Inner Mongolia, located in the northern China, is a natural disaster-prone region. This study is dedicated to making a comprehensive and quantitative analysis of the...