胶州湾水体中的二氧化碳体系

采用库仑滴定法测定了胶州湾海域４个航次的总二氧化碳,根据测定的总二氧化碳的数据计算了二氧化碳各分量的含量及二氧化碳分压,得到了胶州湾水体中二氧化碳体系的平面分布、垂直分布及周日变化规律,并对结果进行了初步探讨 。     

渤海海域油气勘探进展与前景展望

通过回顾我国渤海海域近50年的勘探历程,分析了油气发现的特点,指出从下第三系到上第三系勘探思路的转变是导致发现系列亿吨级大油气田的关键。迄今为止的重大发现主要分布于环渤中凹陷油气富集圈和沿岸两大地区。认为在有据可查的历史上,渤海海域发生过7级以上大地震的周围地区均发现有大油气田,因此将是发现油气田的有利地区。根据全国3轮油气资源评价数据,我国在渤海海域的油气勘探尚大有可为,重要的是要求较高的科技研究水平和更大的投入力度,渤海深浅层次资源潜力将获得更进一步的发掘。认为在50余年的勘探历程中,我3大国有石油公司及全国相关科技工作者均做出过重大贡献。     

Hydroelastic optimisation of a composite marine propeller in a non-uniform wake

The purpose of this paper is to optimise the hydroelastic performance of a composite marine propeller to reduce vibration and dynamic stress. A hydroelasticity method based on the finite element method (FEM) coupled with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is used to simulate the composite marine propeller in a non-uniform wake. Composite blades can be considered as a cantilever-like laminated structure experiencing an unsteady hydrodynamic load and centrifugal force. The objective of the improved design is to minimise the vibratory hub loads. The ply angle and stacking sequence are considered as the design variables. The nonlinear periodic transient responses and vibration hub loads of the composite blade are obtained by solving coupled equations using the Newton–Raphson numerical procedure. Compared to the starting design of the propeller, the optimum solution results in a 49.6–70.6% reduction of the 7/rev hub loads.     

Nitrogen budget of the eelgrass, Zostera marina in a bay system on the south coast of Korea

Above- and below-ground productivities and tissue N content were measured monthly to quantify N incorporation to sustain eelgrass growth in Koje Bay on the south coast of Korea from January to December 2002. N acquisition was also estimated through measurements of N uptake kinetics, tissue biomass, and in situ inorganic N concentrations in water column and sediments. Above- and below-ground productivities were highest in summer and lowest in late fall and winter. Leaf tissue N content was highest in December and lowest in July, while rhizome tissue N content was highest in October and lowest in April. Estimated monthly N incorporation by leaf tissues based on the leaf productivity and N content ranged from 0.4 g N m^?2 month^?1 in November to 2.0 g N m^?2 month^?1 in May. N incorporation by below-ground tissues ranged from 0.1 g N m^?2 month^?1 in February to 0.2 g N m^?2 month^?1 in October. Annual whole plant N incorporation was 14.5 g N m^?2 y^?1, and N incorporation by leaf tissues accounted for about 87 % of total N incorporation. Maximum uptake rate (V _max ) and half saturation constant (K _m ) of leaf NH₄ ⁺ uptake were significantly lower than those of root NH₄ ⁺ uptake. Above- and below-ground biomass ranged from 20.8 g DW m^?2 and 8.6 g DW m^?2 in winter to 350.0 g DW m^?2 and 81.3 g DW m^?2 in spring, respectively. NH₄ ⁺ concentrations varied from 0.2 to 4.3 mM in water column and from 93.0 to 551.7 mM in sediment pore water. Based on these measurements, annual N acquisition by root tissues contributed slightly higher than that by leaf tissues to total plant N acquisition. During winter, monthly leaf N acquisition was lower than monthly leaf N incorporation. This implies that Z. marina has internal nitrogen retention system to offset the shortage and excess of nitrogen.     

黄海中南部近岸海域春季鱼类浮游生物群落空间格局研究

根据2015年春季在黄海中南部近岸海域进行的鱼类浮游生物大型浮游生物网水平拖网数据,采用生态多样性指数和多元统计分析等方法,研究了该海域鱼类浮游生物的种类组成和群落空间格局及其与环境因子的关系。结果表明,本次调查共采集到鱼类浮游生物35种,其中鱼卵21种,仔稚鱼23种。鱼类浮游生物隶属于8目18科34属,优势种为鳀（Engraulis japonicus）、鲬（Platycephalus indicus）、鱼衔属（Callionymus spp.）和小黄鱼（Pseudosciaena polyactis）。其中,鳀和鱼衔属主要分布于海州湾渔场海域,鲬主要分布于吕泗渔场海域,小黄鱼多分布于吕泗渔场北部海域。生态类型包括半咸水型、沿岸型和近海型种类。聚类分析表明,鱼类浮游生物群落可划分为以鱼衔属、鳀为优势种的站位组A（主要分布于海州湾海域）、以小黄鱼、黄鲫（Setipinna taty）等为优势种的站位组B（主要位于江苏沿岸海域）和以鲬为优势种的站位组C（主要位于江苏沿岸-近海海域）,以站位组B的群落物种多样性指数和均匀度指数最高。各站位组的鱼类浮游生物的生态类型和适温类型组成不同,这与其所处的海域生境有关。典范对应分析（CCA）表明,影响春季黄海中南部鱼类浮游生物群落空间结构的主要环境因子为水深和表层温度。同时也受洋流、底质类型等多种因素的综合影响。研究结果初步揭示了黄海中南部近岸海域鱼类浮游生物群落的空间格局,可为今后科学制定该海域水产种质资源保护区、资源量化管理等资源养护管理措施提供科学依据与技术支撑。     

西沙群岛白云岩-铁白云岩岩相学特征

西沙群岛永兴岛西永2井和石岛西科1井均发现铁白云岩。主要通过X光粉晶衍射、偏光显微镜和扫描电镜技术完成测试,分析白云岩-铁白云岩分布及岩相学特征。X光粉晶衍射测试结果及综合分析表明,西科1井发育11层铁白云岩,西永2井发育8层铁白云岩。通过偏光显微镜鉴定,发现西永2井中新世白云岩主要为生物碎屑白云岩,白云石晶体呈粉晶—细晶结构;某些层段含较高铁白云石,呈微晶—粉晶状。通过薄片观察分析发现,西科1井发育大量物碎屑白云岩,多细晶—粉晶结构,自形—半自形为主,部分样品可见黑色铁质氧化物或者胶结物。扫描电镜观察发现2个井多数白云石为典型菱形多面体结构,白云化程度高。     

南海北部金线鱼最大可持续产量和总可捕量的研究

限额捕捞试点工作逐步展开,预示着我国海洋渔业管理进入全面有序的管理时代。文章根据2008—2017年南海北部渔港渔业生产抽样调查数据,统计出南海北部金线鱼的产量主要来自刺网,占累计总产量的72.90%。剩余产量模型分析认为南海北部金线鱼的最大可持续产量在168 632.99~31 0518.85 t,平均为251 765.59 t。2017年实施最严格的休渔制度后,当年的捕捞努力量投入和渔业产量均未超过最适值,当前总可捕量可设为158 515 t。文章研究结果可为该鱼种限额捕捞政策实施提供参考。     

Alentiana palinpoda,a new commensal polynoid species from a seamount in the Northwest Pacific Ocean

Alentiana has only one member, A. aurantiaca(Verrill, 1885), commensal with sea anemone(Bolocera tuediae).Here, Alentiana palinpoda sp. nov., a second member in the genus Alentiana(subfamily Lepidastheniinae), a new commensal polynoid is described, based on a specimen collected from a deep-water seamount in the Northwest Pacific Ocean. The new species is characterized by large elytra that completely cover the dorsum and are present in every third segment in the posterior regions. Neuropodia are ...     

准噶尔盆地滴南凸起-阜北斜坡区原油地球化学特征及来源

滴南凸起-阜北斜坡区位于准噶尔盆地中央隆起带东段,其周缘地区有多个生烃凹陷,发育四套烃源岩,具复杂的油源关系。为厘清该区中上侏罗统油源关系,利用多项地化指标进行油源对比,结果表明:A类原油具轻碳同位素,植烷优势明显,高伽马蜡烷指数,表现出了湖相母质输入的特点,与二叠系泥岩具良好亲缘关系;B类原油具重碳同位素,姥鲛烷优势,几乎不含伽马蜡烷等特征,反映了原油母质形成于强氧化的沉积环境,与侏罗系泥岩同源;C类原油各项指标介于以上两类原油之间,是二叠系与侏罗系烃源岩的混源。     

粤东深澳湾养殖区域异养细菌和弧菌的动态分布

调查于2007年1月至2008年12月进行,对异养细菌和弧菌丰度的时间和空间分布开展了相关的研究,结果显示深澳养殖海湾水体中以上2种被调查菌类的丰度全年变化范围分别为1.20×105―1.27×108cfu·L-1和1.00×103―3.90×105cfu·L-1;底质中的丰度变化范围分别为2.73×104―4.06×107cfu·g-1和3.25×102―7.23×104cfu·g-1.从时间上来看,营养盐类与异养细菌的相关性要强于温度、盐度、pH值和溶氧等物理因素的相关性;而弧菌与物理因素的相关性要强于与营养盐类的相关性.从空间分布来看水体环境的变化要比底质的大,水体中经常出现异养细菌和弧菌丰度的剧烈变化,变化程度也远远高于底质中细菌的变化.而且不同的养殖活动也会很明显地影响异养细菌和弧菌的丰度:S3站位水体中异养细菌的丰度比底质中的高;S5站位的底质中异养细菌和弧菌的丰度都是较高的.龙须菜的养殖可以很明显地改善底质环境,特别是降低底质中对养殖和水质环境有很大负面影响的生物和非生物因子如硫化物和弧菌等.