全文获取类型
收费全文 | 204篇 |
免费 | 6篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 4篇 |
大气科学 | 15篇 |
地球物理 | 57篇 |
地质学 | 83篇 |
海洋学 | 35篇 |
天文学 | 9篇 |
综合类 | 1篇 |
自然地理 | 6篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 1篇 |
2022年 | 1篇 |
2021年 | 5篇 |
2019年 | 4篇 |
2018年 | 3篇 |
2017年 | 7篇 |
2016年 | 6篇 |
2015年 | 4篇 |
2014年 | 5篇 |
2013年 | 8篇 |
2012年 | 8篇 |
2011年 | 26篇 |
2010年 | 12篇 |
2009年 | 27篇 |
2008年 | 13篇 |
2007年 | 6篇 |
2006年 | 10篇 |
2005年 | 6篇 |
2004年 | 13篇 |
2003年 | 10篇 |
2002年 | 4篇 |
2001年 | 1篇 |
2000年 | 1篇 |
1999年 | 3篇 |
1998年 | 3篇 |
1996年 | 2篇 |
1995年 | 3篇 |
1994年 | 1篇 |
1993年 | 1篇 |
1992年 | 1篇 |
1991年 | 1篇 |
1989年 | 2篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 2篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
1971年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有210条查询结果,搜索用时 20 毫秒
131.
132.
Studies on aggregate formation and size distribution in relation to bottom water composition and flow regime were carried out in November 1994 at two transects in the inner and outer Mecklenburg Bight (Baltic Sea). The bottom water sampler ‘BIOPROBE' (BWS) was used to collect 10-dm3 water samples at 5, 10, 20 and 40 cm above the seabed. The outer transect samples tended to be more influenced by the open western Baltic Sea, whereas the inner transect samples were more affected by the coastal hydrography. Aggregate size distribution was investigated using a newly developed particle camera allowing identification of particles down to 150 μm size. Increasing concentrations of total particulate matter (TPM), particulate organic carbon (POC) and chlorophyll pigment equivalents (CPE) towards the seafloor together with a low proportion of POC/TPM (<5%) implied that the material was of resuspended origin. Aggregate size in both transects was positively correlated with TPM, transparent exopolymer particles (TEP) and bacterial cell abundance. Higher particle concentrations and aggregate numbers in the outer transect indicated a higher resuspension frequency, or lateral advection processes. The higher concentration of aggregates at the outer transect may reflect the larger amount of near-bottom transported material. 相似文献
133.
Jochen F. Müller Sabine Duquesne Jack Ng Glen R. Shaw K Krrishnamohan K Manonmanii Mary Hodge Geoff K. Eaglesham 《Marine pollution bulletin》2000,41(7-12):294-301
Pesticide concentration in sediment from irrigation areas can provide information required to assess exposure and fate of these chemicals in freshwater ecosystems and their likely impacts to the marine environment. In this study, 103 sediment samples collected from irrigation channels and drains in 11 agricultural areas of Queensland were analysed for a series of past and presently used pesticides including various organochlorines, synthetic pyrethroids, benzoyl ureas, triazines and organophosphates. The most often detected compounds were endosulphans (, β and/or endosulphan sulphate) which were detectable in 78 of the 103 samples and levels ranged from below the limit of quantification (0.1 ng g−1 dw) up to 840 ng g−1 dw. DDT and its metabolites were the second most often detected pesticide investigated (74 of the 103 samples) with concentrations up to 240 ng g−1 dw of ∑DDTs. Mean ∑endosulphan and ∑DDT concentrations were 1–2 orders of magnitude higher in sediments from the irrigation areas which are dominated by cotton cultivation compared to those which are dominated by sugarcane cultivation. In contrast to these insecticides, the herbicides diuron, atrazine and ametryn were the compounds which were most often detected in sediments from irrigation drains in sugarcane areas with maximum concentrations in areas of 120, 70 and 130 ng g−1 dw, respectively. In particular during flood events, when light is limiting, transport of these photosynthesis inhibiting herbicides from the sugarcane cultivation areas to the marine environment may result in additional stress of marine plants. 相似文献
134.
Gas hydrates in shallow deposits of the Amsterdam mud volcano, Anaximander Mountains, Northeastern Mediterranean Sea 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
Thomas Pape Sabine Kasten Matthias Zabel André Bahr Friedrich Abegg Hans-Jürgen Hohnberg Gerhard Bohrmann 《Geo-Marine Letters》2010,30(3-4):187-206
We investigated gas hydrate in situ inventories as well as the composition and principal transport mechanisms of fluids expelled at the Amsterdam mud volcano (AMV; 2,025 m water depth) in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea. Pressure coring (the only technique preventing hydrates from decomposition during recovery) was used for the quantification of light hydrocarbons in near-surface deposits. The cores (up to 2.5 m in length) were retrieved with an autoclave piston corer, and served for analyses of gas quantities and compositions, and pore-water chemistry. For comparison, gravity cores from sites at the summit and beyond the AMV were analyzed. A prevalence of thermogenic light hydrocarbons was inferred from average C1/C2+ ratios <35 and δ13C-CH4 values of ?50.6‰. Gas venting from the seafloor indicated methane oversaturation, and volumetric gas–sediment ratios of up to 17.0 in pressure cores taken from the center demonstrated hydrate presence at the time of sampling. Relative enrichments in ethane, propane, and iso-butane in gas released from pressure cores, and from an intact hydrate piece compared to venting gas suggest incipient crystallization of hydrate structure II (sII). Nonetheless, the co-existence of sI hydrate can not be excluded from our dataset. Hydrates fill up to 16.7% of pore volume within the sediment interval between the base of the sulfate zone and the maximum sampling depth at the summit. The concave-down shapes of pore-water concentration profiles recorded in the center indicate the influence of upward-directed advection of low-salinity fluids/fluidized mud. Furthermore, the SO 4 2? and Ba2+ pore-water profiles in the central part of the AMV demonstrate that sulfate reduction driven by the anaerobic oxidation of methane is complete at depths between 30 cm and 70 cm below seafloor. Our results indicate that methane oversaturation, high hydrostatic pressure, and elevated pore-water activity caused by low salinity promote fixing of considerable proportions of light hydrocarbons in shallow hydrates even at the summit of the AMV, and possibly also of other MVs in the region. Depending on their crystallographic structure, however, hydrates will already decompose and release hydrocarbon masses if sediment temperatures exceed ca. 19.3°C and 21.0°C, respectively. Based on observations from other mud volcanoes, the common occurrence of such temperatures induced by heat flux from below into the immediate subsurface appears likely for the AMV. 相似文献
135.
Sabine L. Perch-Nielsen 《Climatic change》2010,100(3-4):579-606
The attractiveness of a region for touristic activities depends strongly on the local weather and climate. This paper analyses the vulnerability of the beach tourism sector towards climate change by means of an index approach on a country level. A vulnerability framework for the tourism sector is developed and on its basis, indicators are defined for exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity. A transparent index approach, including a robustness analysis with multiple transformation methods and weighting sets, yields an assessment of the overall relative vulnerability of the beach tourism sector in 51 countries. Aggregate results on an annual level are presented as a starting point for a more detailed comparison of countries based on the individual indicators. The important limitations regarding the availability of accurate indicators as well as the concept of vulnerability itself are discussed. Despite these limitations, the present study contributes to integrating the numerous direct as well as indirect effects climate change may have on beach tourism. 相似文献
136.
The Galactic open cluster Westerlund 1 (Wd 1) represents the ideal local template for extragalactic young massive star clusters, because it is currently the only nearby young cluster with a mass of ~105?M⊙. Its proximity makes spatially resolved studies of its stellar population feasible, and additionally permits direct comparison of its properties with measurements of velocity dispersion and dynamical mass for spatially unresolved extragalactic clusters. Recently, we published the dynamical mass estimate based on spectra of four red supergiants. We have now identified six additional stars which allow a determination of radial velocity from the wavelength covered in our VLT/ISAAC near-infrared spectra (CO bandhead region near 2.29 μm), significantly improving statistics. Using a combination of stepping and scanning the slit across the cluster center, we covered an area which included the following suitable spectral types: four red supergiants, five yellow hypergiants, and one B-type emission-line star. Our measured velocity dispersion is 9.2 km?s?1. Together with the cluster size of 0.86 pc, derived from archival near-infrared SOFI-NTT images, this yields a dynamical mass of 1.5×105 M⊙. Comparing this to the mass derived via photometry, there is no indication that the cluster is currently undergoing dissolution. 相似文献
137.
Hani Serhal Daniel Bernard Jamal El Khattabi Bastin-Lacherez Sabine Isam Shahrour 《Environmental Geology》2009,57(7):1579-1592
Since 1975, Europe sets up its policy to limit the degradation and the pollution of the aquatic environments through 30 directives
and regulations. In the north of France, the nitrate concentrations measured in the groundwater exceed the water drinking
limit fixed at 50 mg/L by the European framework directive in the field of water (2000/60/EC). This high concentration is
due to intensive agriculture, industrialization and demographic growth. Several programs were launched in order to resolve
this situation: “Ferti-better” or the use of fertilizer in moderation and installation and amelioration of wastewater collect
and treatment systems. In order to estimate the influence of the anthropic activities on the quality of groundwater in the
“Artois-Picardy” basin, a preliminary validation on parcel and district scale were necessary. The impact of these programs
in the “Cambrai district” was evaluated using an integrated approach, which is based on the use of four numerical models:
AgriFlux, VS2DT, Modflow and MT3D. The results illustrate an improvement due to the “Ferti-Better” program initiated in 1990
and punctual degradation under urbanized areas. Predictions (2015) show a spatial evolution of nitrates concentration varying
with the thickness of unsaturated layer. The integrated model constitutes an efficient tool for predicting the evolution of
the groundwater quality. This approach is important to control the application of the new European laws in the water field. 相似文献
138.
Biogeochemical controls on authigenic carbonate formation at the Chapopote “asphalt volcano”, Bay of Campeche 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Thomas H. Naehr Daniel Birgel Gerhard Bohrmann Ian R. MacDonald Sabine Kasten 《Chemical Geology》2009,266(3-4):399-411
The Campeche Knolls in the Bay of Campeche, southern Gulf of Mexico, were investigated through detailed seafloor mapping, ROV surveys, and sediment and pore water sampling. The knolls are elongated, submarine hills created by salt tectonics with a positive relief of up to 800 m above the surrounding seafloor. Several of the knolls are associated with sea-surface oil slicks identified from satellite data, indicating the presence of hydrocarbon seeps on the seafloor. One of the knolls, named “Chapopote”, was studied in detail during two international research expeditions (SO174/2 and M67/2) and is characterized by extensive hydrocarbon seepage including large asphalt flows, oil and gas seeps, and seafloor gas hydrate deposits. Chemosymbiotic biological communities and authigenic carbonate deposits are associated with the seeps and are the result of both biogeochemical turnover and the interaction between downward-diffusing seawater and hydrocarbon-rich pore fluids at shallow sediment depth. Authigenic carbonates are characterized by aragonite, exhibit a porous texture, and are cemented by a matrix of microsparitic to sparitic aragonite. Macropores of the carbonates were completely filled with liquid oil. Carbonate microfabrics include peloidal or clotted fabrics that may indicate the existence of microenvironments resulting from microbial metabolism. Banded/botryoidal aragonite cements line the intra- and bioclasts and incompletely fill the pore spaces. The stable carbon isotopic composition of authigenic aragonite varies between − 28.6‰ and − 17.9‰ (PDB), identifying oil oxidation as the primary source of carbon to the DIC pool, while lipid biomarker data demonstrate the concurrent existence of microbial communities responsible for anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM). These observations indicate the presence of additional, AOM-independent reactions responsible for carbon sequestration at hydrocarbon seeps and demonstrate the complexity of biogeochemical processes at seep sites in the Gulf of Mexico basin. Oxygen isotope data of authigenic aragonite vary from + 2.5‰ to + 3.8‰ (PDB), indicating carbonate precipitation in slight disequilibrium with the surrounding pore fluids. 相似文献
139.
140.
Samuel U. Nussbaumer Friedhelm Steinhilber Mathias Trachsel Petra Breitenmoser Jürg Beer Alex Blass Martin Grosjean Albert Hafner Hanspeter Holzhauser Heinz Wanner Heinz J. Zumbühl 《第四纪科学杂志》2011,26(7):703-713
The European Alps are very sensitive and vulnerable to climate change. Recent improvements in Alpine glacier length records and climate reconstructions from annually laminated sediments of Alpine Lake Silvaplana give the opportunity to investigate the relationship between these two data sets of Alpine climate. Two different time frames are considered: the last 500–1000 years as well as the last 7400 years. First, we found good agreement between the two different climate archives during the past millennium: mass accumulation rates and biogenic silica concentration are largely in phase with the glacier length changes of Mer de Glace and Unterer Grindelwaldgletscher, and with the records of glacier length of Grosser Aletschgletscher and Gornergletscher. Secondly, the records are compared with temporally highly resolved data of solar activity. The Sun has had a major impact on the Alpine climate variations in the long term, i.e. several centuries to millennia. Solar activity varies with the Hallstatt periodicity of about 2000 years. Hallstatt minima are identified around 500, 2500 and 5000 a. Around these times grand solar minima (such as the Maunder Minimum) occurred in clusters coinciding with colder Alpine climate expressed by glacier advances. During the Hallstatt maxima around 0, 2000 and 4500 a, the Alpine glaciers generally retreated, indicating a warmer climate. This is supported by archaeological findings at Schnidejoch, a transalpine pass in Switzerland that was only accessible when glaciers had retreated. On shorter timescales, however, the influence of the Sun cannot be as easily detected in Alpine climate change, indicating that in addition to solar forcing, volcanic influence and internal climate variations have played an important role. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献