碳酸盐岩岩溶型储层综合预测

塔里木盆地碳酸盐岩岩溶型储层广泛分布于塔北、塔中、巴楚等地区，是塔里木盆地碳酸盐岩勘探的重点，也是塔里木油田增储上产的主要层系之一。由于埋藏深度大、反射信号较弱、信噪比较低，更由于岩溶型储层非均质性严重，使得储层预测的难度增大。通过多年的攻关研究，从碳酸盐岩风化壳储层的地球物理响应特征出发，逐步探索并建立了技术、岩溶型储层测井评价技术、岩溶型储层地震描述技术、应变量分析技术为手段的溶型储层综合评价技术。在塔北、以地质概念模型为基础，以基于层序格架的潜山古地貌恢复塔中等地区应用中取得了良好的地质效果，相继获得了工业油气流。本文介绍了该技术在塔北轮古西地区的具体实施和应用效果。     

Les minéralisations Cu(NiBiUAuAg) d'Ifri (district du Haut Seksaoua,Maroc) : apport de l'étude texturale au débat syngenèse versus épigenèse

The Cu ore of Ifri is a chalcopyrite stockwork hosted by Cambrian formations and was until now interpreted as a syngenetic massive sulphide deposit. Textural studies highlight two generations of pyrite early (Py I) and late (Py II) with respect to the regional deformation. The chalcopyrite stockwork overprinted Py II, outlining the epigenetic nature of the Cu mineralization. Regarding the origin of Cu-depositing fluids, the presence in the stockwork paragenesis of an U, W, Sn association and preliminary Pb/Pb dating of a brannerite belonging to this association suggest a contribution of the Tichka granite. To cite this article: L. Barbanson et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

BCC_AGCM大气环流模式异构众核加速技术

针对未来高性能计算在CPU混合架构上的发展趋势,本文对大气环流模式BCC_AGCM中的部分核心段在混合架构的神威·太湖之光高性能计算机系统上进行众核加速分析与优化。文中以核心段quad为例,通过对代码内容结构重写和使用OpenACC语言对程序进行运行指示的方式,将该核心段成功移植加速并通过了结果正确性验证。结果表明,使用OpenACC语言能够以对源代码的较小改动来获得一定的加速比,在异构环境中源代码优化加速提升的效果取决于程序结构、循环并行颗粒度以及地址连续性。     

Oxygen-total inorganic carbon dioxide relationship in the Pacific Ocean

The total inorganic carbon dioxide-oxygen relationship in the ocean has been studied previously using two different approaches, one of which is theoretical and the other is statistical. Discrepancies between the two sets of results have been solved in this work by applying multiple linear regression analysis to express total inorganic carbon dioxide, normalized to constant S‰, as a function of potential temperature and total alkalinity and oxygen normalized to constant S ‰. Results of the regression are in agreement with the assumption that total alkalinity changes in the open ocean are only due to S ‰ changes and calcium carbonate dissolution or precipitation; and with Redfield's model for the prediction of the total inorganic carbon dioxide-oxygen ratio for the biochemical oxidation.     

Soil erosion determinations by using 137Cs technique in the agricultural regions of Gediz Basin, Western Turkey

Gediz Basin is one of the regions where intense agricultural activities take place in Western Turkey. Erosion and soil degradation have long been causing serious problems to cultivated fields in the basin. This work describes the application of two different ¹³⁷Cs models for estimating soil erosion rates in cultivated sites of the region. Soil samples were collected from five distinct cultivated regions subject to soil erosion. The variations of ¹³⁷Cs concentrations with depth in soil profiles were investigated. Soil loss rates were calculated from ¹³⁷Cs inventories of the samples using both proportional model (PM) and simplified mass balance model (SMBM). When PM was used, erosion and deposition rates varied from −15 to −28 t ha⁻¹ year⁻¹ and from +5 to +41 t ha⁻¹ year⁻¹, respectively; they varied from −16 to −33 t ha⁻¹ year⁻¹ and from +5 to +55 t ha⁻¹ year⁻¹ with SMBM. A good agreement was observed between the results of two models up to 30 t ha⁻¹ year⁻¹ soil loss and gain in the study area. Ulukent, a small representative agricultural field, was selected to compare the present data of ¹³⁷Cs techniques with the results obtained by universal soil loss equation (USLE) applied in the area before.     

一种基于多相介质理论的油气检测方法研究

目前采用的油气检测方法和技术严格意义上讲都是基于单相介质理论的,而含油气储层是多相介质的,因此,造成了油气检测结果存在多解性和不确定性。本文以BIOT理论和实验室数据为依据,研究出一种快捷的油气检测方法。该方法已在中国塔里木、柴达木、准噶尔等盆地的10多个区块中得到应用,其检测油气的符合率高于现有的其它烃类检测技术。该方法在勘探阶段的油气检测方面和开发阶段油气藏动态监控方面具有广泛的应用前景。     

Evolution of Çamlık fissure-ridge travertines in the Başkale basin (Van,Eastern Anatolia)

Fissure-ridge travertines (FRTs) are of great importance for the determination and comparison of tectonic deformation in a region. The coeval development of these travertines with active fault zones supplies significant information about regional dynamics in terms of deformation pattern and evolution. In this paper, the characteristics of FRTs of the Ba?kale basin (eastern Turkey) and responsible regional tectonism are discussed for the first time. The Ba?kale basin is located between the Ba?kale Fault Zone (BFZ) characterised by Çaml?k fault and I??kl?–Zirani? fault. It is located between dextral Yüksekova Fault Zone and southern end of dextral Guilato–Siahcheshmeh–Khoy Fault system (Iran). Various morphological features indicating recent activity are exposed along the BFZ, including offsetting rivers, fissure-ridge travertine and fault scarps. The Çaml?k fissure-ridge travertine composing of three different depositions is observed along the eastern edge of the BFZ with approximately parallel orientations. The Çaml?k fissure-ridge travertine has been formed and developed on fault zone related to strike-slip or oblique movements. We explain how kinematic changes of faults can influence the fissure-ridge development.     

Mapping and assessment-based modeling of soil fertility differences in the central and eastern parts of the Black Sea region using GIS and geostatistical approaches

This study was carried out on arable lands of the central and eastern Black Sea regions including eight provinces (Artvin, Giresun, Gümü?hane, Ordu, Rize, Samsun, Sinop, and Trabzon). The present study aims to generate a soil fertility map for agricultural lands in the central and eastern parts of the Black Sea region. The main objective of this research is to quantify soil fertility by developing a soil fertility index (SFI) model at the regional level. The related objectives were to map the spatial distribution of soil fertility by using auxiliary variables and to model soil fertility within the study region. To accomplish this, a data set for soil fertility differences was collected and a model was developed to predict the spatial distribution of differences across the region. The study area was divided into 2.5 × 2.5-km grid squares. A total of 3400 soil samples were collected from the surface (0–20 cm) of each grid intersection point. The geostatistical method was used to generate the SFI distribution map of the study area for surface soils. Of the total study area, 93.76% had good (S1) or moderately fertile (S2) soil while 6.15% of the area had marginally fertile (S3) soil. Only a very small area (N) had low-fertility soil.     

Trace metals and dissolved organic carbon in an estuary with restricted river flow and a brown tide bloom

This study was designed to establish the distributions of trace metals (Cd, Co, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and inorganic nutrients (PO₄ and H₄SiO₄) in the water column of the small, relatively pristine Peconic River estuary. We were also able to examine the effects of a harmful microalgal bloom, known as the brown tide, which occurred in the area during our study. Because river inflow to the Peconic estuary is restricted by a small dam at the head of the estuary, direct evaluation of the relative importance of riverine inputs on estuarine metal distributions was possible. The simultaneous analyses of geochemical carrier metals (Al, Fe, and Mn), an indicator of sewage (Ag), and other ancillary parameters (e.g., suspended particulate matter, dissolved O₂, chlorophylla) were used to describe the major processes controlling metal concentrations in the dissolved phase. The trace metal distributions indicated two distinct biogeochemical regimes within the estuary: an anthropogenically perturbed region with high metal levels (e.g., Ag, 165 pM; Cu, 51 nM; Zn, 57 nM) at the head (Flanders Bay), and a larger outer region with relatively low metal concentrations. The very similar distributions of some metals (e.g., Mn, Ni) in the Peconic estuary compared to those in estuaries having much higher river flow demonstrated the dominant role of internal processes (e.g., diagenetic remobilization) in controlling these metal patterns. An inverse relationship between dissolved Fe and DOC with cell counts of the brown tide microalgaeAureococcus anophagefferens in our field study suggested a close association with the bloom, although a similar relationship was observed between dissolved Al and brown tide cell counts, implying that removal of Fe could be due to particle scavenging rather than biological uptake.     

基于Contourlet域Hausdorff距离和粒子群的多源遥感图像匹配

为了进一步提高多源遥感图像的匹配精度和运算效率,本文提出了一种利用Contourlet变换、Hausdorff距离和改进粒子群的遥感图像匹配算法。在分别对目标图像和参考图像进行Contourlet分解的基础上,采用小波模极大值法提取低频图像的边缘信息,以LTS-HD作为图像匹配的相似性度量准则,并利用一种带极值扰动的简化粒子群优化算法对低频边缘图像进行匹配操作,得到粗匹配点;然后根据粗匹配点的位置反演计算到原始图像,进行精匹配,最终实现全分辨率情况下遥感图像的匹配。实验结果表明,该算法与目前常用的遥感图像匹配算法相比,不仅具有更高的匹配精度和运算效率,还有较强的鲁棒性。