吉林放牛沟硫铁多金属矿床矿物地球化学及矿床成因

本文总结了黄铁矿、闪锌矿的成因地球化学标志;阐明了黄铁矿中元素在空间上的分带规律和在成矿过程中时间上的演化规律;建立了反映上述分带规律的回归方程组;论证了本矿床矿石中黄铁矿与磁黄铁矿间、矿石矿物与花岗岩副矿物磁铁矿间的成因联系;类比了国内外铅锌矿床上述矿物的地球化学特征。由此得出结论:放牛沟硫铁多金属矿床系岩浆热液成因,其成矿物质主要来自后庙岭花岗岩深部岩浆源。铅锌矿主要在中温条件下形成,接触带矿体与外接触带矿体属同一成矿系列。放牛沟矿床与后庙岭花岗岩系同一岩浆—热液系统的产物。     

印度西部洋陆过渡区结构特征及构造演化

印度西部洋陆过渡区位于上印度扇,处于印度板块、阿拉伯板块和欧亚板块交汇处,周缘发育多种板块边界类型,构造特征复杂.前人对该区域的构造性质及演化的研究较少,其内部一级构造的地壳性质认识存在争议.本文在对地震资料构造解析的基础上,分析了印度扇近海盆地、默里脊系统和拉克西米山脊的断裂样式、断裂组合以及盆地结构特征,揭示印度西缘的洋陆过渡区为发育向海倾斜反射层(SDRs)和下地壳高速体(HVZ)的火山型被动陆缘.其中,印度扇近海盆地的断层多构成地堑、半地堑和地垒组合,地壳性质为减薄陆壳;默里脊系统表现为右行张扭性质,以小默里脊为界,以西为正在低速扩张的洋壳基底,以东为减薄的陆壳;拉克西米山脊地壳性质则为减薄的陆壳.印度西缘的洋陆过渡区的形成与白垩纪以来马达加斯加板块、塞舌尔微板块和印度板块之间的多期裂解事件,以及多个热点导致的岩浆事件有关.此外,运用2DMove软件进行了平衡剖面恢复,揭示了印度扇在新生代以来经历了古-始新世初始伸展断陷期、渐新世-早中新世稳定沉积期、中-晚中新世张扭断陷期和上新世以来的热沉降期4个构造演化阶段.     

Meso‐Cenozoic Evolution of Earth Surface System under the East Asian Tectonic Superconvergence

The East Asian geological setting has a long duration related to the superconvergence of the Paleo‐Asian, Tethyan and Paleo‐Pacific tectonic domains. The Triassic Indosinian Movement contributed to an unified passive continental margin in East Asia. The later ophiolites and I‐type granites associated with subduction of the Paleo‐Pacific Plate in the Late Triassic, suggest a transition from passive to active continental margins. With the presence of the ongoing westward migration of the Paleo‐Pacific Subduction Zone, the sinistral transpressional stress field could play an important role in the intraplate deformation in East Asia during the Late Triassic to Middle Jurassic, being characterized by the transition from the E‐W‐trending structural system controlled by the Tethys and Paleo‐Asian oceans to the NE‐trending structural system caused by the Paleo‐Pacific Ocean subduction. The continuously westward migration of the subduction zones resulted in the transpressional stress field in East Asia marked by the emergence of the Eastern North China Plateau and the formation of the Andean‐type active continental margin from late Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous (160‐135 Ma), accompanied by the development of a small amount of adakites. In the Late Cretaceous (135‐90 Ma), due to the eastward retreat of the Paleo‐Pacific Subduction Zone, the regional stress field was replaced from sinistral transpression to transtension. Since a large amount of late‐stage adakites and metamorphic core complexes developed, the Andean‐type active continental margin was destroyed and the Eastern North China Plateau started to collapse. In the Late Cretaceous, the extension in East Asia gradually decreased the eastward retreat of the Paleo‐Pacific subduction zones. Futhermore, a significant topographic inversion had taken place during the Cenozoic that resulted from a rapid uplift of the Tibet Plateau resulting from the India‐Eurasian collision and the formation of the Bohai Bay Basin and other basins in the East Asian continental margin. The inversion caused a remarkable eastward migration of deformation, basin formation and magmatism. Meanwhile, the basins that mainly developed in the Paleogene resulted in a three‐step topography which typically appears to drop eastward in altitude. In the Neogene, the basins underwent a rapid subsidence in some depressions after basin‐controlled faulting, as well as the intracontinental extensional events in East Asia, and are likely to be a contribution to the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau.     

新型分层复合型金刚石钻头的研制

采用常规热压法制备出了一种分层复合型结构的金刚石钻头,该钻头对岩层的适应性大,具有一定的广谱性。经与普通型钻头对比试验发现,分层复合型结构钻头钻进速度大大提高,同时钻头使用寿命也有了一定的提高。     

新疆蒙其古尔铀矿床成矿流体研究

文章对新疆蒙其古尔铀矿床成矿流体中的包裹体、酸解烃和镜质体反射率进行了分析研究。结果表明:该矿床的成矿流体主要为层间含氧含铀水和还原性烃类;石英裂隙中存在的流体包裹体主要是次生的富液盐水包裹体和液烃包裹体。测得流体包裹体的均一温度为50~67℃,平均66℃;w(Na Cleq)为1.40%~14.04%,平均4.49%;成矿流体密度为0.98~1.04 g/cm3,平均1.01 g/cm3;说明成矿流体为低温低盐度流体,有机质热演化形成的甲烷等烃类参与了成矿过程。     

基于WebGIS的水产资源信息服务系统设计与实现

将地理信息与水产资源相结合,为水产养殖业提供一个直观的、可视化的地理信息展示和管理服务平台。综合应用Geoserver,Openlayers,J2EE等技术设计并实现了水产信息和相关专题地图的数据采集、管理、服务发布以及在线浏览、查询、空间分析、统计分析等功能。     

可定制的WMS符号库扩展与设计

在分析了多种WebGIS软件符号库性能的基础上,提出了基于SLD技术制作地图符号库的方法,通过Ja-va语言编程实现了点、线、面状符号的扩展,并验证了通过该符号库可以完成地图专题图的制作以及符合OGC规范的WMS服务发布功能。     

辽东半岛中强地震活动及其与构造相关性

辽东半岛是中强地震活动较多的地区,除1975年海城7.3级地震外,这一地区还记录了≥5级地震19次.区内中强地震分布具有较好的规律性,基本上局限于地震活动条带及其网格的结点部位,空间分布上与金州断裂、鸭绿江断裂等NE-NNE向断裂及其共轭的NW向构造一致,且多发于2组构造交会部位的构造盆地或偏于NW向的构造带附近.NE-NNE向和NW向断裂是在现今NEE向近水平主压应力作用下所形成的一对平移走滑性质为主的共轭剪切破裂面,NE-NNE向断裂属于继承性破裂,规模大,对区域地质构造格局及其演化具有控制作用;NW向断裂多属于新生破裂,其规模通常同与其交会的NE-NNE向断裂有一定的相关性.研究表明,辽东半岛中强地震活动受到了NE-NNE向断裂的控制,但其发震构造基本上是NW向断裂,同时,与NW向断裂的规模相关联,中强地震活动存在由N向S、由W向E逐渐减弱的变化规律,地震强度大致从7 ～7.5级降为5.5 ～6级.     

贵州五指山背斜纳雍枝铅锌矿地质特征及找矿前景分析

纳雍枝铅锌矿床位于五指山背斜北东部,是五指山矿集区的组成部分.区内铅锌矿体产于清虚洞组的白云岩中,自下而上共划分为9个矿体层,属沉积型铅锌矿床.矿石类型为碳酸盐岩型铅锌矿石.五指山地区位于紫云-垭都深大断裂的北东侧,南东侧有安顺-凯里深断裂,这些深断裂是纳雍枝矿床深部物质来源的前提,次一级的构造为矿床的形成提供了矿质流动的通道.五指山背斜Pb、Zn综合异常明显的部位,异常与区内构造较吻合,与矿床(点)展布方向一致.该矿床与典型密西西比河谷铅锌矿床具有较高的可比性.通过对纳雍枝铅锌矿床地质特征的总结及分析,认为五指山地区的找矿前景十分广阔.     

Shear wave velocity models retrieved using Rg wave dispersion data in shallow crust in some regions of southern Ontario, Canada

Many crucial tasks in seismology, such as locating seismic events and estimating focal mechanisms, need crustal velocity models. The velocity models of shallow structures are particularly important in the simulation of ground motions. In southern Ontario, Canada, many small shallow earthquakes occur, generating high-frequency Rayleigh (Rg) waves that are sensitive to shallow structures. In this research, the dispersion of Rg waves was used to obtain shear-wave velocities in the top few kilometers of the crust in the Georgian Bay, Sudbury, and Thunder Bay areas of southern Ontario. Several shallow velocity models were obtained based on the dispersion of recorded Rg waves. The Rg waves generated by an m _N 3.0 natural earthquake on the northern shore of Georgian Bay were used to obtain velocity models for the area of an earthquake swarm in 2007. The Rg waves generated by a mining induced event in the Sudbury area in 2005 were used to retrieve velocity models between Georgian Bay and the Ottawa River. The Rg waves generated by the largest event in a natural earthquake swarm near Thunder Bay in 2008 were used to obtain a velocity model in that swarm area. The basic feature of all the investigated models is that there is a top low-velocity layer with a thickness of about 0.5 km. The seismic velocities changed mainly within the top 2 km, where small earthquakes often occur.