德昌大陆槽稀土矿床的发现及其意义

着重阐述德昌大陆槽稀土矿床的发现经过，矿床基本地质特征和发现的重大意义．     

董家口港溢油漂移数值模拟

采用油粒子模式,以原油为溢油油种,在模拟潮流的基础上分别预测了董家口30万t码头航道溢油油膜在静风、西北风和不利风向3种情况下的油膜动态漂移过程。对溢油油膜漂移路径及扫海范围的模拟,可为码头溢油应急计划的制定提供一定的导向作用。     

Reflection and transmission of seismic waves at an interface betwen two saturated soils

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非贯通节理岩体直剪试验研究进展

基于典型的直剪试验,国内外学者提出了非贯通节理岩体贯通破坏机理,并建立了相应的强度准则,如Jennings方法,即加权平均强度理论和强度准则、Lajtai岩桥破坏理论和强度准则、断裂力学的II型破坏理论和强度准则,拉剪复合破坏和强度准则。然而,非贯通节理岩体破坏机理目前还没有完全弄清楚,已建立的强度准则所包含的重要参数还需深入研究,如：如节理面的传压系数、传剪系数、弱化了的岩桥内摩擦力和内摩擦角等;非贯通节理岩体节理闭合和剪切的本构关系有待建立;不共面非贯通节理岩体全过程最大抗剪强度需进一步研究。伺服直剪试验机、静态应变测试仪、声发射仪、X射线测量等无损检测技术能够为进一步研究非贯通节理岩体的破坏机理,提出新的理论和建立新的强度准则提供强有力的技术支持。     

澜沧、耿马地震序列图象与发震构造讨论

本文分析了1988年11月6日云南澜沧、耿马地震序列的震中分布及迁移图象,发现其地震序列中主震及余震明显地沿北北西向分布。7.2级地震所形成的形变带沿北北西向旱母坝断层分布,表明该断层即为此次地震的发震构造。7.6级地震时,沿北西向木嘎断裂和北北西向澜沧—勐海断裂均形成明显的地震形变带,表明其发震构造较复杂。主震后的强余震活动与北东向断裂有密切关系。本文认为澜沧、耿马地震序列具有复杂的发震构造和破裂图象。     

The Ninole Basalt — Implications for the structural evolution of Mauna Loa volcano, Hawaii

Lava flows of the Ninole Basalt, the oldest rocks exposed on the south side of the island of Hawaii, provide age and compositional constraints on the evolution of Mauna Loa volcano and the southeastward age progression of Hawaiian volcanism. Although the tholeiitic Ninole Basalt differs from historic lavas of Mauna Loa volcano in most major-element contents (e.g., variably lower K, Na, Si; higher Al, Fe, Ti, Ca), REE and other relatively immobile minor elements are similar to historic and prehistoric Mauna Loa lavas, and the present major-element differences are mainly due to incipient weathering in the tropical environment. New K-Ar whole-rock ages, from relatively fresh roadcut samples, suggest that the age of the Ninole Basalt is approximately 0.1–0.2 Ma, although resolution is poor because of low contents of K and radiogenic Ar. Originally considered the remnants of a separate volcano, the Ninole Hills are here interpreted as faulted remnants of the old south flank of Mauna Loa. Deep canyons in the Ninole Hills, eroded after massive landslide failure of flanks of the southwest rift zone, have been preserved from burial by younger lava due to westward migration of the rift zone. Landslide-induced depressurization of the southwest rift zone may also have induced phreatomagmatic eruptions that could have deposited widespread Basaltic ash that overlies the Ninole Basalt. Subaerial presence of the Ninole Basalt documents that the southern part of Hawaii Island had grown to much of its present size above sea level by 0.1–0.2 Ma, and places significant limits on subsequent enlargement of the south flank of Mauna Loa.     

循环经济——资源合理开发与利用的科学基础

世界经济的持续增长带来的“资源危机”或“资源安全”问题,促使人们寻求资源集约型经济和循环经济的新理念.本文根据生态学规律,指出按照资源-生产/消费-再生资源的循环经济模式发展经济,是缓解中国资源压力和经济持续发展的基本模式,阐释了循环经济的概念与基本特征,论述了发展循环经济以实现我国资源可持续利用的必要性和可行性,并对我国资源利于如何发展循环经济提出了相应的对策.     

江苏大丰潮滩悬沙级配特征及其动力响应

根据2002和2003年夏季在江苏大丰潮滩的现场观测资料,详细分析了悬沙级配的时空分布特征、影响因素及其对再悬浮、沉降和流速的响应.研究结果表明,悬沙颗粒较细,以粉砂为主,悬沙级配在潮周期内的变化模式有两种类型:一是稳定型,悬沙级配的时空(垂向和平面)变化很小;二是双峰型,悬沙级配的时空变化显著,粗细峰高度不断变化.再悬浮、沉降、涨潮时输入潮滩的悬沙和底质级配是影响悬沙级配的重要因子.再悬浮使粗颗粒悬沙的含量增加,悬沙与底质级配不断接近,沉降对悬沙级配的影响与再悬浮相反.再悬浮发生时悬沙级配对流速有明显响应.在没有再悬浮和沉降影响的情况下,潮滩不同部位、不同时间的悬沙级配趋于稳定和相同,对这种状态下的悬沙级配可称为背景悬沙级配,大丰潮滩背景悬沙级配的平均粒径为7μm.     

Study on electric variations of media in epicentral area by geomagnetic transfer functions

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