Analysis of Dynamic Characteristics of Submarine Free Spanning Pipelines by Complex Damping Method

Considering the effect of the internal flowing fluid and the external marine environmental condition, the differential equation for the vortex-induced vibration (V1V) of the free spanning pipeline is derived and is discretized by the Hermit interpolation function. The free vibration equation with the damping term is solved by the complex damping method for the natural frequency, and then the effect of fluid damping on the natural frequency of the free spanning pipeline is analyzed.The results show that fluid damping has a significant influence on the damped natural frequency of the free spanning pipeline in the lock-in state, while it has little influence when the pipeline is out of the lock-in state. In the meantime,the change of the free span length has the same effect on the damped natural frequency and the undamped natural frequency.     

危害后季稻的秋季低温预报方法

本文以农谚为线索,采用多张概率图作为综合因子,用逐步回归的方法试作了危害后季稻的秋季低温预报指标,希望通过这些指标能比较早而准确地预报出秋季低温到来的迟早,供领导部门参考,以便采取措施,避免或减轻低温带来的危害。本指标已在实际中使用四年,预报与实况均符合,取得了一定的服务效果。     

激光雷达测量技术在地学中的若干应用

对激光雷达测量技术在全球冰川监测、局部断裂带提取、滑坡监测和稳定性评价以及海岸线提取和海岸侵蚀等方面的应用做了较为全面的综述.作为一种新型的对地观测手段,激光雷达(含星载、机载、车载和地面)的应用已经从传统的测绘扩大到包括文物保护在内的诸多其他应用领域.所综述的激光雷达技术在地学研究中的4个应用方面,是传统地学研究中与全球变化和人居环境最为密切的方向.分析表明,激光雷达技术在这些研究方向中的应用大有作为.      

IPRC区域气候模式对西北太平洋热带气旋潜在预测能力的初步检验

利用夏威夷大学IPRC高分辨率区域气候模式,对西北太平洋热带主要气旋活动季节(6—10月)热带气旋活动的特征及其大尺度环境场进行了17年的模拟试验,检验了模式对西北太平洋热带气旋的潜在季节预测能力。试验结果表明,该模式对西北太平洋热带气旋大尺度环境场具有较好的刻画能力,模拟的热带气旋年生成频数与实况的相关系数为0.77,季节内各月生成频数相关系数为0.82,显示出良好的潜在预测能力;生成源地分布与实况较一致;总能量(PDI)的年际变化趋势模拟也较为理想。但模拟的路径频数在南海地区明显偏多,北上热带气旋偏少,最大风速的峰值区间模拟效果较差。     

测绘地理信息类专业双语课程评价体系构建

中国高校"双一流"建设要求培养兼备专业能力与国际竞争力人才,而双语教学则是一条有效途径.以CIPP(context,input,process,product)课程评价模型为理论依据,根据测绘地理信息类专业双语教学的特点,从背景评估、输入评估、过程评估、成果评估4个方面构建了测绘地理信息类专业双语课程评价指标体系,为提...     

急性盐度胁迫对卵形鲳鲹幼鱼Na~+-K~+-ATP酶活性和渗透压的影响

研究了水环境急性盐度胁迫对卵形鲳鲹(Trachinotus ovatus)幼鱼鳃Na+-K+-ATP(NKA)酶活力,血清、鳃丝和肾脏渗透压的影响.结果表明:将幼鱼从盐度30(对照)中直接转移至盐度5、10、15、20、25、35水体中,96 h后无死亡.各盐度处理组的鳃NKA酶活性和血清渗透压在最初72 h内出现一定波动,随后变化平稳.试验结束时(96 h),NKA活性随盐度梯度呈"U"型分布,盐度35处理的酶活高于其他处理,盐度20处理活性最低.各处理的血清渗透压大小在96 h时,随着盐度的变化,以盐度15、20为中心,呈对称变化,在盐度20后随盐度上升呈先上升后下降的趋势.相同盐度的鳃渗透压随时间变化呈先上升后下降逐渐稳定的趋势.肾渗透压除盐度5、10处理外,其他盐度组随时间没有显著变化,维持一定的稳定性.说明卵形鲳鲹幼鱼在生理上具有广盐性鱼类的"高渗环境高NKA活性"特征,有较强的渗透压调节与平衡能力.     

基于卫星高度计的北极海冰厚度变化研究

A modified algorithm taking into account the first year(FY) and multiyear(MY) ice densities is used to derive a sea ice thickness from freeboard measurements acquired by satellite altimetry ICESat(2003–2008). Estimates agree with various independent in situ measurements within 0.21 m. Both the fall and winter campaigns see a dramatic extent retreat of thicker MY ice that survives at least one summer melting season. There were strong seasonal and interannual variabilities with regard to the mean thickness. Seasonal increases of 0.53 m for FY the ice and 0.29 m for the MY ice between the autumn and the winter ICESat campaigns, roughly 4–5 month separation, were found. Interannually, the significant MY ice thickness declines over the consecutive four ICESat winter campaigns(2005–2008) leads to a pronounced thickness drop of 0.8 m in MY sea ice zones. No clear trend was identified from the averaged thickness of thinner, FY ice that emerges in autumn and winter and melts in summer. Uncertainty estimates for our calculated thickness, caused by the standard deviations of multiple input parameters including freeboard, ice density, snow density, snow depth, show large errors more than 0.5 m in thicker MY ice zones and relatively small standard deviations under 0.5 m elsewhere. Moreover, a sensitivity analysis is implemented to determine the separate impact on the thickness estimate in the dependence of an individual input variable as mentioned above. The results show systematic bias of the estimated ice thickness appears to be mainly caused by the variations of freeboard as well as the ice density whereas the snow density and depth brings about relatively insignificant errors.     

南海珊瑚环礁开放程度模型构建研究

南海环礁发育过程中形成了开放程度不同的环礁类型,依据环礁不同地貌部位的几何因子作为反映环礁开放程度的指标可以定量划分环礁开放程度类型。如果将澙湖潮汐通道作为环礁地貌结构要素用来反映环礁开放程度,则潮汐通道可以成为新的度量因子。利用高分辨率遥感影像结合GIS技术,以澙湖潮汐通道的几何参数为主构建反映环礁开放程度的模型,结果表明,以口门宽度与礁体中轴线长度之比为指标建立的经验式,可用来划分环礁开放程度类型,封闭型环礁的开放度为0,准封闭型环礁的开放度为0~0.06,半开放型环礁的开放度为0.06~0.25,开放型岛礁的开放度为0.25~1。因此,采用这一量化表达式反映南海环礁的开放程度类型,可为珊瑚环礁的开放程度发育规律研究提供科学工具。     

基于Pearson关联模型的山东省海洋生物医药业发展路径分析

21世纪以来,海洋生物医药业作为我国战略性新兴产业,对山东省实现产业结构升级起着重要作用。文章从国内外海洋生物医药业发展现状入手,对山东省海洋生物医药业现状进行研究,分析其发展的优势和存在的问题;从社会、资金、科研、环境等4个层面选取6个影响因素,运用Pearson关联模型进行实证分析;根据分析结论,提出实现山东省海洋生物医药业可持续发展的相关政策建议。