Can patterns in benthic communities be explained by an environmental pressure index?

Many studies have assessed in unison specific biological attributes and certain environmental impacts but few studies have analyzed multiple biological variables and pressures from multiple sites at the same time. Our study’s goal was to quantify the major potential human pressures in the shallow subtidal rocky reefs along a tropical Atlantic coast; propose a relative environmental pressure index and investigate the relationships between environmental pressures, the benthic community and coral population attributes. The analysis of human pressures suggests that one-third of sites were under high or very high proportional stress. Sites with high human pressure had lower live cover, higher percent of recent mortality and density of Siderastrea stellata. These relations were species specific. The coral species S.stellata seemed to be the best indicator of present environmental stress. These findings demonstrate the need to include multiple species and stressors in monitoring programs designed to contribute to coastal management initiatives.     

重庆荣昌地区注水诱发地震加密观测

荣昌地区地震活动性原本很弱,历史上无5级以上地震的记载.但自20世纪80年代末期开始,随着工业部门将采集天然气过程产生的污水通过废井回灌,该区地震活动明显增强,震级逐渐增大,并于1997年发生了5.2级地震,从而为研究注水诱发地震提供了理想的场所.由于该地区仅有一个地震台,监测能力和定位精度很低,难以满足研究工作的需求...     

所谓的贝加尔裂谷实际为水平挤压带

贝加尔带并不是一个裂谷带,而是一个水平挤压带。为证实这一假设我们业已分析了地质、地球物理和地貌方面的资料。分析是依据板块与旋转理论进行的。获得的模式涉及各种内动力作用,如运动学、构造学、火山活动、地震活动和这些作用在构造和地形上的表现形式。该模式如下: 在中新生代北东欧亚板块的岩石圈运功到西南部。上杨斯克褶皱带超伏在西伯利亚台地之上。并且后者挤压它的南部格架。在贝加尔带的东北部发生了地块相撞。这就导致了斯塔诺夫高地的形成。沿着该带北东翼的盆地,产生了恰拉-北贝加尔位移。然而,这个左行移动带包括一个走向延伸至蒙古-鄂霍次克带的宽阔地块。在该区,出现     

Concordance of Kinematics and Lensing of Elliptical Galaxies with WMAP Cosmology

We explore degeneracies in strong lensing model so to make time delay data consistent with the WMAP (Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe) cosmology. Previous models using a singular isothermal lens often yield a time delay between the observed multiple images too small than the observed value if we "hardwire" the now widely quoted post-WMAP "high" value of the Hubble constant (H0 - 71 ± 4km s-1 Mpc-1). Alternatively, the lens density profile (star plus dark matter) is required to be locally steeper than r-2 (isothermal) profile near the Einstein radius (of the order 3 kpc) to fit the time delays; a naive extrapolation of a very steep profile to large radius would imply a lens halo with a scale length of the order only 3 kpc, too compact to be consistent with CDM. We explore more sophisticated, mathematically smooth, positive lens mass density profiles which are consistent with a large halo and the post-WMAP H0. Thanks to the spherical monopole degeneracy, the "reshuffling" of the mass in a lens model does not affect the quality of the fit to the image positions, amplifications, and image time delays. Even better, unlike the better-known mass sheet degeneracy, the stellar mass-to-light and the HO value are not affected either. We apply this monopole degeneracy to the quadruple imaged time-delay system PG1115 080. Finally we discuss the implications of the time delay data on the newly proposed relativistic MOND theory.     

天狼星免像控航摄系统与Inpho系统在无人机遥感数据后处理中的对比

针对传统无人机航测内外业流程复杂、工作效率低等问题,对比了天狼星免像控系统和Inpho系统的无人机遥感数据后处理流程,并对输出的DOM、DEM成果精度进行比较,取得了以下结论:(1)天狼星免像控系统比Inpho常规无人机航测系统具有外业免像控、无需内业刺点、高度自动化一键式处理等优点,大大提高了作业效率;(2)天狼星免像控系统和Inpho系统在处理1∶500无人机遥感影像数据时,均能满足1∶500航空摄影测量精度要求,而且天狼星免像控系统处理的数据精度优于Inpho系统的数据处理精度。其中天狼星航摄系统DOM、DEM中误差分别为0.043 1、0.084 3 m,Inpho系统DOM、DEM中误差分别为0.052 6、0.158 6 m。     

基线边长法的高精度三维标定场建立

针对大范围的摄影测量,传统量测相机标定精度有限,本文提出一种高精度、大尺度的三维标定场建立方法。该方法采用稳定性良好的天然大理石作为基础结构,并设计通视良好的角形基准座,采用微米级多路激光测距手段获取点位距离,进而基于测边网平差模型直接建立高精度三维标定场。通过模拟多组近似坐标和距离观测值对该算法进行验证。结果表明,该标定场近似坐标的模拟误差不能超过3 mm,单位权中误差与距离观测值模拟误差相当,距离反算值与理论值偏差的标准差是距离观测值模拟误差的一半,验证了测边网计算模型及程序的正确性。该标定场既可为量测相机提供大尺度标定,也可对激光跟踪仪的测量性能进行不定期检核。