宁镇地区燕山期侵入岩锆石U-Pb定年:长江中下游新一期成岩成矿作用的年代学证据

对宁镇地区3个典型燕山期岩体(安基山-伏牛山岩体、下蜀-高资岩体和石马岩体)的中酸性侵入岩进行LA-ICP MS锆石U-Pb定年,给出(109.1±1.9)~(101.6±1.1)Ma的年龄值,代表了这些侵入岩体的形成年代,为该地区中酸性侵入岩形成时代提供了精确的约束。宁镇地区铜-多金属成矿作用在时间、空间和成因上与100~110Ma左右的中酸性钙碱性岩浆活动相关联,区内成岩成矿作用是一个连续的过程。宁镇地区燕山期中酸性侵入岩形成于早白垩世晚期,而长江中下游九瑞等地区的同类型侵入岩形成于早白垩世早期,二者相差约25~35Ma;结合白垩纪以来太平洋板块活动特征对中国东部陆区成岩成矿的制约,这些年代学数据揭示出宁镇地区燕山期岩浆活动及其成矿响应是中生代长江中下游成矿带大规模岩浆-成矿活动的新一期成岩成矿事件,深部地球动力学背景对应中国东部中生代岩石圈拆沉-减薄事件。长江中下游地区的岩石圈减薄从135Ma左右开始,可能持续到100Ma左右。     

2,4,6-trinitrotoluene transformation by a tropical marine yeast, Yarrowia lipolytica NCIM 3589

Yarrowia lipolytica NCIM 3589, a tropical marine degrader of hydrocarbons and triglycerides transformed 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) very efficiently. Though this yeast could not utilize TNT as the sole carbon or nitrogen source, it was capable of reducing the nitro groups in TNT to aminodinitrotoluene (ADNT). In a complete medium containing glucose and ammonium sulphate as the available carbon and nitrogen sources respectively, the culture was able to completely transform 1 mM (227 ppm) of TNT under such conditions. A dual pathway was found to be functional, one of which resulted in the formation of the hydride-Meisenheimer complex (H(-)TNT) as a transiently accumulating metabolite that was subsequently denitrated to 2,4-dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT), whereas the other pathway resulted in the formation of amino derivatives. The presence of increasing amounts of reducing equivalents in the form of glucose promoted better growth and the nitroreductases of this yeast to reduce the aromatic ring to 2,4-DNT although, the reduction of the nitro groups to amino groups was the major functional pathway. The ability of this tropical marine yeast to transform TNT into products such as 2,4-DNT which in turn could be metabolized by other microbes has implications in the use of this yeast for bioremediation of TNT polluted marine environments.     

利用远震研究四川盆地及其周缘瑞利面波相速度和方位各向异性

基于四川盆地及周边的245个宽频带台站2010年9月—2014年9月期间的远震记录,提取双台路径瑞利面波相速度频散资料,反演得到四川盆地20～120s的高分辨率瑞利面波相速度及各向异性空间分布.在丰富区域地球物理基础数据的同时,结合已有研究成果对地壳上地幔变形耦合进行探讨,结果表明短周期(20～30s)的相速度分布与四川盆地的地质构造特征相吻合,作为川滇地块、松潘—甘孜地块和四川盆地之间的边界——龙门山断裂带和鲜水河断裂带对上述三个地块上地壳的速度结构具有明显的控制作用;松潘—甘孜地块,特别是川滇地块中下地壳普遍表现为明显的低速异常,表明中下地壳相对软弱;而四川盆地的中下地壳整体呈现相对高速,表明四川盆地具有相对坚硬的中下地壳.研究区域东南角接近北扬子地块与南扬子地块的缝合部位,呈现高速异常.四川盆地南部和东南邻区不同周期均具有较强的各向异性,且快波方向较为一致,反映这些地区不同深度变形耦合较好.四川盆地西部、北部及东北部邻区,不同周期的各向异性快波方向变化较大,不同深度变形耦合较差.这些特征与绕喜马拉雅东构造结的物质流动被扬子地块的高速地壳阻挡的宏观认识基本一致.     

Nanoporous polystyrene fibers for oil spill cleanup

The development of oil sorbents with high sorption capacity, low cost, scalable fabrication, and high selectivity is of great significance for water environmental protection, especially for oil spillage on seawater. In this work, we report nanoporous polystyrene (PS) fibers prepared via a one-step electrospinning process used as oil sorbents for oil spill cleanup. The oleophilic-hydrophobic PS oil sorbent with highly porous structures shows a motor oil sorption capacity of 113.87 g/g, approximately 3-4 times that of natural sorbents and nonwoven polypropylene fibrous mats. Additionally, the sorbents also exhibit a relatively high sorption capacity for edible oils, such as bean oil (111.80 g/g) and sunflower seed oil (96.89 g/g). The oil sorption mechanism of the PS sorbent and the sorption kinetics were investigated. Our nanoporous material has great potential for use in wastewater treatment, oil accident remediation and environmental protection.     

Residues and sources recognition of polychlorinated biphenyls in surface sediments of Jiaojiang Estuary, East China Sea

Twenty-three surface sediment samples were collected from Jiaojiang Estuary, East China Sea in order to assess the distribution, possible sources, and potential risk of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the environment. Total concentrations of PCBs ranged from 4.93 to 108.79 ng g(-1) dry weight for all sampling stations, with a substantial higher concentration in the inner part of the estuary than the outer part of the estuary. PCB patterns in sediments from sites 1-8 were extremely dominated by tetra-PCBs, which probably due to the discharge of local industrial plants but not the expected input from the nearby e-waste recycling areas. Principal component analysis revealed that the sources of PCBs for sites 9-23 were associated with Aroclor 1248 or Aroclor 1221. However, physical migration and bio-degradation may also play a role on PCB distribution. Hazard assessment of PCBs indicated possible toxic potential, particularly in areas close to point sources.     

LFMCW随钻雷达信号模拟分析

线性调频连续波信号是随钻雷达常采用的信号形式。从理论上分析了线性调频连续波随钻雷达的工作原理及实现方法;利用快速傅立叶变换(FFT)处理技术对线性调频连续波随钻雷达的回波信号进行了信息提取。仿真结果验证了理论分析的正确性和实现方法的可行性。      

基于COMSOL MULTIPHYSICS的直流电法正演模拟

以点电源和线电源为例,叙述了基于COMSOL MULTIPHYSICS的直流电法正演模拟过程。通过对COMSOL MULTIPHYSICS正演模拟解与理论值的对比分析,验证了应用COMSOL MULTIPHYSICS进行直流电法正演模拟的正确性与可行性。鉴于COMSOL MULTIPHYSICS强大的剖分求解功能及丰富的后处理操作,可以快速、准确实现正演模拟,其在地球物理正演模拟中的应用的研究意义重大。      

利用远震接收函数反演乌江彭水电站地震台下方地壳厚度

乌江彭水电站目前是重庆市最大的水电站,电站总投资121亿元,总装机容量为175万kw.坝高116.5 m,水库正常蓄水水位293 m,总库容13.35亿m3,为河道型高坝水库.已有研究结果表明,彭水电站坝区是稳定的,但库区及外围地区仍存在5级左右的地震活动背景,在水库蓄水后有可能诱发中,强地震.本文利用彭水台网于200...