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61.
On the basis of the previous studies, the simplest hyperbolic mild-slope equation has been gained and the linear time-dependent numerical model for the water wave propagation has been established combined with different boundary conditions. Through computing the effective surface displacement and transforming into the real transient wave motion, related wave factors will be calculated. Compared with Lin’s model, analysis shows that calculation stability of the present model is enhanced efficiently, because the truncation errors of this model are only contributed by the dissipation terms, but those of Lin’s model are induced by the convection terms, dissipation terms and source terms. The tests show that the present model succeeds the merit in Lin’s model and the computational program is simpler, the computational time is shorter, and the computational stability is enhanced efficiently. The present model has the capability of simulating transient wave motion by correctly predicting at the speed of wave propagation, which is important for the real-time forecast of the arrival time of surface waves generated in the deep sea. The model is validated against analytical solution for wave diffraction and experimental data for combined wave refraction and diffraction over a submerged elliptic shoal on a slope. Good agreements are obtained. The model can be applied to the theory research an d engineering applications about the wave propagation in a biggish area. 相似文献
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为研究车辆荷载对公路挡土墙稳定性的影响,针对规范中未考虑墙后土体破裂角变化的问题,引入改进等效土层厚度法,以库仑土压力理论为基础,循环迭代计算破裂角收敛值得到新的换算土层厚度。以安康市某公路边坡路堤挡土墙实例,分别采用规范方法和改进方法分析挡土墙稳定性,结果表明:改进方法的稳定性评价结果更精确。采用数值方法分析车辆荷载作用下挡土墙的力学响应,结果表明:车辆荷载作用下挡土墙受影响部位主要为中上部。车墙距离越小,墙后土体振动响应越显著,附加动土压力越大,而挡土墙水平位移受其影响不大。 相似文献
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西准噶尔中部的托里断裂切错了塔尔根岩体,如果确定了该岩体的时代,就可以限定托里断裂左行走滑运动开始的最大时限。所研究的样品为浅肉红色二长花岗岩,采样位置位于托里县城以南、托里断裂南东,距离该断裂面约50m。用SHRIMP 对岩石中的锆石进行了U-Th-Pb同位素测定,共测得29个颗粒的31个数据。这31个数据中,206Pb/238U年龄最小值为279.5Ma±2.7Ma,最大值为337.3Ma±2.7Ma,相差达58Ma,差异大于17%。Th/U比为0.31~0.88,U含量为65×10-6~384×10-6,Th含量为23×10-6~142×10-6。根据CL图像,将其中13个点的206Pb/238U年龄进行加权平均计算,将加权平均值295.8Ma±2.5Ma作为岩体的侵位年龄。塔尔根岩体被托里断裂左行错开这一地质现象,以及该岩体的锆石定年结果,清楚地表明托里断裂的左行走滑运动一定是发生在295Ma以后,即其左行走滑运动不是发生在石炭纪期间。 相似文献
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依据鲁西地区早前寒武纪花岗质侵入岩普遍具有塑性流变特征和退化变质特征,以及变质作用和变形作用相协调等现象,认为岩体的侵位与变形、变质是同一期构造岩浆作用形成的,是岩浆就位后逐渐冷凝过程中,在持续应力作用下发生的,与后期的地质构造作用无关;固态岩石只能发生脆性变形和局部的脆韧性变形。并从热力场、动力场和化学场的变化趋势对变形、变质作用的制约因素作了简要分析。 相似文献
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Effects of Nitrogen Addition on Plant Functional Traits in Freshwater Wetland of Sanjiang Plain,Northeast China 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
To clarify the responses of plant functional traits to nitrogen(N) enrichment, we investigated the whole-plant traits(plant height and aboveground biomass), leaf morphological(specific leaf area(SLA) and leaf dry mass content(LDMC)) and chemical traits(leaf N concentration(LNC) and leaf phosphorus(P) concentration(LPC)) of Deyeuxia angustifolia and Glyceria spiculosa following seven consecutive years of N addition at four rates(0 g N/(m^2·yr), 6 g N/(m^2·yr), 12 g N/(m^2·yr) and 24 g N/(m^2·yr)) in a freshwater marsh in the Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China. The results showed that, for both D. angustifolia and G. spiculosa, N addition generally increased plant height, leaf, stem and total aboveground biomass, but did not cause changes in SLA and LDMC. Moreover, increased N availability caused an increase in LNC, and did not affect LPC. Thus, N addition decreased leaf C∶N ratio, but caused an increase in leaf N∶P ratio, and did not affect leaf C∶P ratio. Our results suggest that, in the mid-term, elevated N loading does not alter leaf morphological traits, but causes substantial changes in whole-plant traits and leaf chemical traits in temperate freshwater wetlands. These may help to better understand the effects of N enrichment on plant functional traits and thus ecosystem structure and functioning in freshwater wetlands. 相似文献
70.
pCO2 and carbon fluxes across sea-air interface in the Changjiang Estuary and Hangzhou Bay 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Partial pressure of CO2(pCO2) was investigated in the Changjiang(Yangtze River) Estuary,Hangzhou Bay and their adjacent areas during a cruise in August 2004,China.The data show that pCO2 in surface waters of the studied area was higher than that in the atmosphere with only exception of a patch east of Zhoushan Archipelago.The pCO2 varied from 168 to 2 264 μatm,which fell in the low range compared with those of other estuaries in the world.The calculated sea-air CO2 fluxes decreased offshore and varied from -10.0 to 88.1 mmol m-2 d-1 in average of 24.4 ± 16.5 mmol m-2 d-1.Although the area studied was estimated only 2 × 104 km2,it emitted(5.9 ± 4.0) × 103 tons of carbon to the atmosphere every day.The estuaries and their plumes must be further studied for better understanding the role of coastal seas playing in the global oceanic carbon cycle. 相似文献