大港油田千米桥潜山奥陶系凝析气藏成藏地球化学研究

千米桥潜山构造位于黄骅坳陷北大港构造带。位于该构造的板深7井在奥陶系地层试油，获日产凝析油143．36吨／日产气275309m^3，这一重大发现标志着大港油田古潜山的勘探获重大突破。千米桥潜山凝析油气主要来自板桥凹陷Es^33段偏腐殖型烃源岩，油气在沙一段沉积时期进入潜山，明化镇组沉积时期是油气大量运聚、成藏时期、千米桥潜山属气侵型凝析气藏，并具有多期成藏的特点，板深4井油气藏受到扩散作用的影响。气侵是造成凝析油高含蜡的主要原因。     

涠西南凹陷流三段储层成岩相分析与甜点储层预测

根据岩心、铸体薄片、扫描电镜、阴极发光、X衍射等资料并结合物性资料,对北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷流三段储层的储层特征、成岩作用特点进行了研究。结果表明研究区压实作用强烈是储层致密化的主要原因。胶结作用对储层有一定的破坏作用,但是早期碳酸盐胶结、自生高岭石有利于优质储层的发育。溶蚀作用是优质储层发育的基础,破裂作用改善了储层的渗流能力。在成岩作用研究的基础上,根据成岩作用的强度及特殊成岩矿物,划分了五类成岩相。其中,弱压实弱胶结相物性最好,中等压实中等溶蚀相、强压实中强溶蚀相物性次之,压实充填相和碳酸盐致密胶结相物性最差。通过成岩相的测井响应分析,识别了单井-剖面-平面的成岩相。预测研究区东部辫状河三角洲浅埋藏储层、西北部扇三角洲和西南部扇三角洲的水下分流河道中厚层砂砾岩体储层为甜点发育区。     

The most temperature-adapted corals have an Achilles' Heel

The corals of the Persian/Arabian Gulf are better adapted to temperature fluctuations than elsewhere in the Indo-Pacific. The Gulf is an extreme marine environment displaying the highest known summer water temperatures for any reef area. The small and shallow sea can be considered a good analogue to future conditions for the rest of the world’s oceans under global warming. The fact that corals can persist in such a demanding environment indicates that they have been able to acclimatize and selectively adapt to elevated temperature. The implication being that colonies elsewhere may be able to follow suit. This in turn provides hope that corals may, given sufficient time, similarly adapt to survive even in an impoverished form, under conditions of acidification-driven lowering of CaCO₃ saturation state, a further consequence of raised atmospheric CO₂. This paper demonstrates, however, that the uniquely adapted corals of the Gulf may, within the next three centuries, be threatened by a chronic habitat shortage brought about by the dissolution of the lithified seabed on which they rely for colonisation. This will occur due to modifications in the chemical composition of the Gulf waters due to climate change.     

莺歌海盆地LD10区高含CO2天然气充注期次精细厘定与成藏模式

莺歌海盆地LD10区中深层黄流组?梅山组重力流水道、海底扇储层已被证实具有重大的天然气资源潜力.但是前期测试结果显示气藏中混有高含量CO₂气体.因此,精细厘定天然气充注期次,明确CH₄、CO₂等时空分布规律对规避高CO₂风险至关重要.本研究在对不同产状流体包裹体岩相学特征精细观察的基础上,综合激光拉曼光谱分析和包裹体显微测温技术识别出3幕不同成分天然气充注,时间分别为:4.0~2.9 Ma、2.0~1.2 Ma和0.8~0.3 Ma.其中,第一幕充注以烃类气为主,伴有少量有机CO₂和N₂;第二幕和第三幕充注以大量无机CO₂、烃类气为主,伴有少量N₂.结合天然气及烃源岩地化特征、天然气组分分析及输导体系识别,总结了LD10区的成藏模式,以期为研究区下一步天然气勘探开发和规避高含量CO₂风险提供依据.      

南海北部沉积盆地油田水水化学特征及其成因分析

油田水是沉积盆地中的重要流体,研究其水文地球化学特征对油气生成、富集等有重要指示意义。为进一步研究南海珠江口盆地珠三拗陷和北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷油田水的特征和成因,分别在珠三坳陷的珠江组和珠海组采集油田水样5个,在涠西南凹陷的涠洲组采集油田水样4个,对研究区油田水进行了常规阴阳离子含量、D和18O同位素组成分析。结果显示:珠江口和北部湾盆地油田水溶解性总固体总体较高,均为Cl—Na型水,油田水各特征离子间关系(钠氯系数、氯镁系数、钙镁系数)和氢氧同位素关系共同显示两处油田水均起源于海水并储存于封闭性较好的地层中,在埋藏过程中可能还经历了较小程度的蒸发和降水补给,并推测其形成受薄膜渗滤作用影响。     

涠西南凹陷11-7构造区流沙港组中深层有效储层下限厘定

为明确涠西南凹陷11-7构造区流沙港组中深层碎屑岩有效储层物性下限,基于物性、生产测试、试油、压汞及测井综合地质解释等资料,利用分布函数曲线法、动态生产测试法、试油法、束缚水饱和度法及最小有效孔喉半径法,进行有效储层下限的厘定,并以物性差值为对比参数,结合沉积相、砂体厚度、成岩演化、岩石成分和地层压力进行控制因素分析。结果表明:该区有效储层主要受沉积相和砂体厚度因素控制,辫状河三角洲水下分流河道微相储层最好,重力流有效储层发育程度差;次要因素为成岩阶段,相同成岩期内粗粒岩性较中细粒储层物性差值分异幅度大;岩石成分刚性组分含量高,物性差值高,次生孔隙带长石含量高,物性差值高。该区局部超压作用与储层有效性正相关,但影响作用较小。     

Application of enterococci antibiotic resistance patterns for contamination source identification at Huntington Beach,California

Huntington Beach, California, one of the most popular surfing spots in the world, is plagued by sporadic, elevated levels of fecal bacteria. To assist with pollution source identification, we analyzed antibiotic resistance patterns (ARPs) of enterococci from four known sources (bird feces, urban runoff, coastal marsh sediment and sewage effluent from local sanitation district) and one unknown source (seawater) using seven antibiotics at four concentrations each. Of 2491 enterococci tested, all were resistant to at least one antibiotic at some level. Discriminant analysis indicated that the average correct classification rates for bird feces and urban runoff sources were above 80%. Sewage effluent contained mixed fecal sources. Sixty-four percent of the sewage isolates classified with the sewage category, while the other 35% of isolates were assigned evenly across the other three categories. When enterococci isolated from the seawater were classified using the known ARP database, it was evident that bird feces were the source of surf zone contamination on some days while the coastal salt marsh and sewage plume may have impacted the surf zone water quality to various degrees during other times.