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In this paper, Wu and Blumen’s boundary layer geostrophic momentum approximation model (Wu and Blumen, 1982) is applied to baroclinic and non-neutral PBL, the motion equations for the PBL under the geostrophic momentum approximation are solved, in which the eddy transfer coefficient is a function of the distributions of the wind and temperature. The results are compared with those in barotropic and neutral conditions with the geostrophic momentum approximation. It is found that in the baroclinic condition, the wind distribution has both the characteristics of a steady, homogeneous and baroclinic PBL and those caused by the geostrophic momentum approximation. Those in non-neutral conditions show that they retain the intrinsic characteristics for the wind in non-neutral PBL, at the same time, the effects of the large-scale advection and local variation are also included. We can predict the wind in the non-neutral and baroclinic PBL by use of the geostrophic mo-mentum approximation when the temporal and spatial distributions of the geostrophic wind, as well as the po-tential temperatures and their variation rates at the upper and lower boundary of the PBL are given by large-scale model. Finally, the model is extended to the case over sea surface. 相似文献
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An accurate prediction of the thermal conductivity of reservoir rocks in the subsurface is extremely important for a quantitative analysis of basin thermal history and hydrocarbon maturation. A model for calculating the thermal conductivity of reservoir rocks as a function of mineral composition, porosity, fluid type, and temperature has been developed based on fabric theory and experimental data. The study indicates that thermal conductivities of reservoir rocks are dependent on the volume fraction of components (minerals, porosity, and fluids), the temperature, and the fraction of series elements (FSE) which represents the way that the mineral components aggregate. The sensitivity test of the fabric model shows that quartz is the most sensitive mineral for the thermal conductivity of clastic rocks. The study results indicate that the FSE value is very critical. Different lithologies have different optimum FSE values because of different textures and sedimentary structures. The optimum FSE values are defined as those which result in the least error in the model computation of the thermal conductivity of the rocks. These values are 0.444 for water-saturated clay rocks, 0.498 for water-saturated sandstones, and 0.337 for water-saturated carbonates. Compared with the geometric mean model, the fabric model yields better results for the thermal conductivity, largely because the model parameters can be adjusted to satisfy different lithologies and to minimize the mean errors. The fabric model provides a good approach for estimating paleothermal conductivity in complex rock systems based on the mineral composition and pore fluid saturation of the rocks. 相似文献
316.
辐射日总量的最热坡度解析模式及其全球分布规律 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文给出了南北向坡面最热坡度的解析模式。(1)在北半球(下同),冬半年南坡存在最热坡度,且随纬度升高而增大,接近极夜时趋于90°。(2)夏半年,存在两个临界纬度当时,南坡有最热坡度;当或时,北坡出现最热坡度。给出了和的解析式,证明分别是全球水平面上日辐射量最大值和最小值所在的纬度,它们仅依赖于赤纬。(3)最热坡度所在坡面获得的日辐射量,冬半年低纬大于高纬;夏半年低纬北坡随纬度递增,南坡时等于处水平面上日辐射量,极昼区内,北坡等于极点水平面的日辐射量。 相似文献
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大地形上边界层流场的动力学研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
本文应用边界层气象学中Estoque数值模式关于湍流交换系数及分层的处理方法,求得了大地形存在时定常边界展方程的零、一级解析解,并用来得到大地形存在时边界层的散度场、垂直速度场,改进了前人的结果。 相似文献
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Zhao Ming 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1990,4(4):453-463
In this paper,the simultaneous effects of boundary layer and topography on the instability of Eady waveare investigated by using a new parameterization of the vertical velocity at the top of PBL and the influencesof the stratification of the PBL,roughness and the slope of terrain are shown.Furthermore,the effects of theboundary layer friction and topography on generalized Eady wave are also investigated. 相似文献