仿鱼尾潜器推进系统的水动力分析

以开发适用于小型潜器的仿生操纵与推进系统为研究背景 ,对金枪鱼的月牙形尾鳍进行水动力分析。文中将金枪鱼的尾鳍处理为在做横移和摇摆的耦合运动的同时 ,以某一匀速向前运动的月牙形刚性尾翼。计算中应用了双曲面元和压力库塔条件 ,利用面元法计算分析该三维尾翼的非定常水动力性能。探讨了前进速度、横荡和摇首的幅度、频率及其相位差对推进性能的影响     

水面皮层破坏-复原过程的实验室模拟研究

依据水面红外发射和红外遥感测温原理，采用HDG－高灵敏度红外测温仪和常规测量仪器相结合的方法，在实验室空气稳定条件下，模拟测得了水面皮层破坏－复原（重建）的热力过程和气－水温差对水面皮层复原过程的影响，获得了大量的测量数据。数据分析表明，当气－水温差从3．0℃变为11．5℃时，水面皮层破坏可导致皮温增量从气－水温差3．0℃时的0．15℃变到11．5℃时的0．45℃，并发现恢复时间与气－水温差呈负线性关系。     

A new efficient 3D non-hydrostatic free-surface flow model for simulating water wave motions

A new three-dimensional, non-hydrostatic free surface flow model is presented. For simulating water wave motions over uneven bottoms, the model employs an explicit project method on a Cartesian the staggered gird system to solve the complete three-dimensional Navier–Stokes equations. A bi-conjugated gradient method with a pre-conditioning procedure is used to solve the resulting matrix system. The model is capable of resolving non-hydrostatic pressure by incorporating the integral method of the top-layer pressure treatment, and predicting wave propagation and interaction over irregular bottom by including a partial bottom-cell treatment. Four examples of surface wave propagation are used to demonstrate the capability of the model. Using a small of vertical layers (e.g. 2–3 layers), it is shown that the model could effectively and accurately resolve wave shoaling, non-linearity, dispersion, fission, refraction, and diffraction phenomena.     

Wave interaction with a perforated wall breakwater with a submerged horizontal porous plate

This study examines the hydrodynamic performance of a new perforated-wall breakwater. The breakwater consists of a perforated front wall, a solid back wall and a submerged horizontal porous plate installed between them. The horizontal porous plate enhances the stability and wave-absorbing capacity of the structure. An analytical solution based on linear potential theory is developed for the interaction of water waves with the new proposed breakwater. According to the division of the structure, the whole fluid domain is divided into three sub-domains, and the velocity potential in each domain is obtained using the matched eigenfunction method. Then the reflection coefficient and the wave forces and moments on the perforated front wall and the submerged horizontal porous plate are calculated. The numerical results obtained for limiting cases are exactly the same as previous predictions for a perforated-wall breakwater with a submerged horizontal solid plate [Yip, T.L., Chwang, A.T., 2000. Perforated wall breakwater with internal horiontal plate. Journal of Engineering Mechanics ASCE 126 (5), 533–538] and a vertical wall with a submerged horizontal porous plate [Wu, J.H., Wan, Z.P., Fang, Y., 1998. Wave reflection by a vertical wall with a horizontal submerged porous plate. Ocean Engineering 25 (9), 767–779]. Numerical results show that with suitable geometric porosity of the front wall and horizontal plate, the reflection coefficient will be always rather small if the relative wave absorbing chamber width (distance between the front and back walls versus incident wavelength) exceeds a certain small value. In addition, the wave force and moment on the horizontal plate decrease significantly with the increase of the plate porosity.     

莱西市水资源管理系统的人机互动功能

本文结合莱西市水资源管理的基本特性,采用人机交互管理方式,成功地运用地理信息系统(GIS),实现了界面良好的莱西市水资源信息系统的各种功能,为规范水资源业务管理的程序、开展地区水资源管理信息系统化建设,提供了有力的技术支持。     

北部湾三维风生流及密度流模拟

将Casulli差分格式引入三维物理海洋模型计算，模拟了北部湾风生流及密度流。模拟结果表明，夏季西南季风在北部湾导致一个顺时针环流，夏季海水密度梯度导致一个逆时针方向的环流，密度流明显强于风生流；冬季东北寒潮导致一个逆时针环流。模拟结果不支持北部湾夏季为一顺时针环流、冬季为逆时针环流的传统结论，而支持终年为逆时针环流的观点。     

白斑综合症病毒(WSSV)的宿主调查

用地高辛 (DIG)标记的WSSVDNA探针斑点杂交与原位杂交技术 ,在中国对虾、斑节对虾、南美白对虾、刀额新对虾、脊尾白虾、天津厚蟹、日本大眼蟹体内检测到了WSSV ,它们是WSSV的天然宿主 ;在经人工感染的哈氏美人虾、短脊鼓虾、克氏原螯虾、肉球近方蟹、滕壶体内检测到了WSSV ;在球形侧腕水母、病虾池的桡足类等浮游生物、卤虫无节幼体以及人工浸泡感染卤虫成体体内没有检测到WSSV。经原位杂交检测 ,虾类的甲壳下上皮、胃上皮、附肢、造血组织、鳃等组织器官均可被WSSV侵染 ,其中甲壳下上皮和鳃对WSSV敏感 ;蟹类的甲壳下上皮和鳃对WSSV敏感 ;在中国对虾、南美白对虾、脊尾白虾、注射感染的克氏原螯虾的精巢中 ,精荚的结缔组织细胞和血细胞呈阳性 ,在中国对虾、脊尾白虾以及注射感染的短脊鼓虾的卵巢中 ,结缔组织细胞和滤泡细胞被WSSV感染。     

河口变形效应与涌潮的形成

作者采用非线性潮波方程,假定河口的宽度B(x)和深度h(x)是任意可微函数,导出了涌潮发生的条件,并讨论了各种变形情况下涌潮的形成。得出结论是,在涌潮形成过程中起决定作用的是浅水非线性效应,而河口变形效应则是起促进作用的。     

南沙群岛海域水体漫衰减系数Kd(490)的特性研究

对南沙群岛海区水体Kd(490）的特性进行了深入分析和探讨,研究结果表明：Kd（490）的垂直分布与同步测量的海水叶绿素a浓度的垂直分布有很强的相关性;Kd（490）的垂直分布反映出该区域海水存在较强的分层现象,研究中还发现上行辐亮度漫衰减系数KL（490）与Kd（490）垂直变化趋势相当一致,但是以二者达到最大值的深度为界,上层水体的KL（490）值稍大于Kd(490）值,在这一深度以下则相反。     

南极生物热耐受性:热极限的进化和适应性调节

温室效应和全球气候变化已经影响到南、北极地区,极地气温升高对于极地生物链的基础部分产生巨大影响.南极生物链中的关键初级生产力是微藻,南极冰藻是极好的生态指示种.南极冰藻在高于生长适宜温度下生长受到抑制,抵抗高温胁迫的机制和能力制约着南极冰藻的生存,南极冰藻生存威胁到极地生态的生物多样性和极地生物链的完整性.持续低温环境进化过程对极端适冷微藻热适应机理的影响是理解极地气候变化对南极冰藻生态影响的依据.