Stable isotopic composition of riverine dissolved inorganic carbon of the Xijiang River Inner Estuary

For researching the spatio-temporal variation of the stable isotopic composition of the riverine dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), we had carried out a survey throughout the hydrologic year during which the δ13CDIC of the surface water and its physicochemical pa-rameter were examined along the Xijiang River Inner Estuarine waterway from September 2006 to June 2007. There was a striking seasonal variation on the average δ13CDIC, as the average δ13CDIC in summer (?13.91‰) or autumn (?13.09‰) was much less than those in spring (?11.71‰) or winter (?12.26‰). The riverine δ13CDIC was controlled by decomposed condition of the riverine organic matter linking the seasonal variation of the physicochemical parameter in the surface water according to the correlation analysis which indicated notable relations between δ13CDIC and water temperature (p = 0.000; r = ?0.569) or between δ13CDIC and oxide-reduction potential (p = 0.000; r = 0.646). The striking positive correlation between δ13CDIC and the sampling distance happened in the summer rainy season, while striking negative correlation happened in the spring dry season, indicating that river-sea interaction influenced water physicochemical parameters and controlled the riverine DIC property in the survey waterway. In view of the riverine δ13CDIC decreasing for the decomposition of the ter-restrial organic matter in the rainy season in summer and increasing for the briny invaded zone extending in the spring dry season along the waterway from the Makou gauging station to the Modaomen outlet, the δ13CDIC spatio-temporal variation was closely related to the geographical environment of the Xijiang drainage basin.     

一种黄土高边坡设计的新方法

根据黄土高边坡破坏面的实际特征,假定最危险滑动面为抛物线型,对高边坡进行可靠度分析,应用数学原理,建立了黄土高边坡的设计模型,并对铜黄一级公路黄土高边坡进行分析验证,结果表明,该方法计算的结果与实际较接近。该方法物理意义明确,易操作,可供设计人员参考。     

区域地震活动与西安地区地下热水活动相关性的研究

根据西影井热水水位的观测资料,分析了区域地震活动与西安地区地下热水活动的相关性,结果表明西安地区地下热水活动与区域地震活动明显相关;西安地区地下热水活动与西安及邻区的地震活动最为密切,表明它们均受长安-临潼活动断裂的控制,西安市抽取地下热水的影响范围主要局限于西安及邻区,即临潼-长安活动断裂的展布区.     

一种地震P波和S波初至时间自动拾取的新方法

地震P波、S波初至时间的拾取是地震波分析的一项基础性工作.本文提出了一种新的地震波初至时间自动拾取的方法:首先,把地震波的三分量时程曲线变换为一组空间向的能量变化率时程曲线;然后对能量变化率时程曲线进行STA/LTA(Short Time Average/Long Time Average,短时间的均值/长时间的均值)处理,拾取地震P波和S波的大致初至时间;最后提出采用一种二次方自回归模型对初至附近的能量变化率曲线进行二次方自回归处理,精确拾取出P波和S波的初至时间.本文采用了10组芦山地震的记录数据和150组汶川地震的记录数据对此方法的可靠性进行了检验.以人工拾取结果为参考,此方法具有很高的准确率和稳定性,同时,相比于常用的STA/LTA方法和AIC(Akaike Information Criterion,Akaike信息准则)方法,此方法在计算时间效率方面稍微逊色,但是对S波初至时间的拾取精度和可靠性更高.此方法丰富了地震P波、S波初至时间的自动拾取方法.     

多震源地震数据偏移成像方法

多震源地震技术是一种高效的地震数据采集方法技术,得到的地震记录是来自多个震源的混合地震数据.本文在多震源波场传播理论和地震波场满足线性叠加原理的基础上,提出了两种多震源地震数据的偏移成像方法.第一种方法是首先对多震源地震数据进行分离,得到各个单震源的地震数据,然后再利用常规的偏移成像方法进行处理;第二种方法是多震源地震数据的直接偏移成像.把本文提出的多震源偏移成像方法应用于数值模拟的多震源地震数据,验证了本文方法的正确性和有效性,直接偏移成像方法较分离后再偏移方法具有更高的计算效率.     

三维地形场景并行渲染技术进展

对三维地形场景并行渲染过程涉及的地形数据分页及分块和基于缓存的并行数据调度机制进行了归纳,总结了三维地形场景并行渲染相关算法及基于分布式和微机多线程的实现方式,并对目前并行渲染所存在的问题和发展趋势进行了分析。     

西藏雅鲁藏布构造带日喀则蛇绿岩中新发现豆荚状铬铁矿化

<正>1研究目的(Objective)西藏南部的雅鲁藏布构造带发育一系列中生代蛇绿岩,这些蛇绿岩体东西展布超过2500 km,可分为西段、中段和东段。大多数蛇绿岩体出露大规模地幔橄榄岩而镁铁质岩石出露较少,且地幔橄榄岩中赋存不同规模的豆荚状铬铁矿化,如东段的罗布莎蛇绿岩体赋存大型铬铁矿床,西段的普兰和东波岩体出露小规模铬铁矿化。然而,中段日喀则蛇绿岩一直较少有铬铁矿床(化)报道。笔者近期对日喀则蛇绿岩大竹曲岩体开展了野外考察,并在地     

Origin and Distribution of Grain Dolostone Reservoirs in the Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation, Sichuan Basin, China

Dolostones in the Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation have become one of the most significant gas exploration domains in China. Over a trillion cubic meters of gas reservoirs have been discovered in the Gaoshiti-Moxi area; however, the origins and distribution of the dolostone reservoirs are not well understood. This work discussed the geology and geochemistry of the dolostone reservoirs in the Longwangmiao Formation to determine their origin and distribution. Two understandings are acquired: firstly, a carbonate ramp provided excellent conditions for grain beach deposition, while the presence of a hypersaline lake was favorable for the contemporaneous dolomitization of grain beach deposits. Petrographic and geochemical evidence further confirm that the Longwangmiao dolostone was formed during the contemporaneous stage. Secondly, the reservoir characteristics indicate that the grain beach sediments provide material basis for the development of the Longwangmiao dolostone reservoirs. Reservoir dissolution simulation experiments show that the porosity of the reservoirs was formed by dissolution during contemporaneous and burial stages. The dissolution pores formed during the contemporaneous stage were controlled by sequence interfaces. The large scale dissolution vugs formed during the burial stage subsequently spread along the pre-existing porosity and fracture zones. This study therefore identified that the development of grain dolostone reservoirs in a shallow water ramp under arid climatic conditions generally met the following conditions: (1) reefal beach deposits lay a foundation for reservoir development; (2) superficial conditions are an important determining factor for reservoir porosity; and (3) burial conditions provide environment for porosity preservation and modification.     

珠江口香港海域底拖网贝类资源研究

珠江口海域是香港和广东的主要渔场之一,但有关该水域贝类资源的研究并不完善,本文可以为该海区调查位置的贝类资源现状提供参考,对完善该海区贝类的基础研究提供依据。作者于2016年2月和8月,对珠江口香港海域贝类资源进行了底拖调查,所采集软体动物隶属3纲、16目、26科,33属;2月份(枯水期)和8月份(丰水期)分别采集到贝类28种和39种。枯水期优势种为棒锥螺Turritella terebra、浅缝骨螺Murex trapa及波纹巴非蛤Paphia undulata,约占总个体数的86.9%;丰水期优势种是棒锥螺Turritella terebra、浅缝骨螺Murex trapa和牡蛎Ostrea sp.,约占总个体数的85.3%。多样性指数范围为0.9179~1.064。调查发现,8月份贝类的物种数量和生物量明显多于2月份,棒椎螺为该水域明显的优势种。     

贵州石漠化地区降雨条件下红粘土剪切强度特性随含水量变化关系探讨

西南喀斯特地区的石漠化已经严重影响了人民正常的生产生活。水土流失是石漠化过程中一个关键环节。喀斯特地区地表广泛覆盖的红粘土在降雨条件下随着含水量的增加和人工垦殖的影响,剪切强度会产生变化,更易发生水土流失。本文以贵州普定石漠化研究区（陈旗村）的红粘土为例,以原状土模拟未经扰动的土样,以重塑土来模拟经过开垦被扰动后的土样,设计了原状土和重塑土在不同含水量下的直剪试验,初步地研究了这一变化规律。结果表明:在含水量大于35%时,石漠化地区红粘土粘聚力和内摩擦角均随着含水量的增加显著降低;在同一含水量水平下,原状土的抗剪强度明显优于重塑土,且随着含水量的增加,重塑土的强度衰减较之原状土快许多,表明了经过人工垦殖后的红粘土在降雨条件下更易发生水土流失。