Forest landscape patterns dynamics of Yihe-Luohe river basin

Based on the information from forest resources distribution maps of Luoning County of 1983 and 1999, six indices were used to analyze spatial patterns and dynamics of forest landscapes of the typical region in the middle of the Yihe-Luohe river basin. These indices include patch number, mean patch area, fragment index, patch extension index, etc. The results showed that: (1) There was a rapid increase in the number of patch and total area from 1983 to 1999 in the study area. The fragment degree became very high. (2) The area of all the forest patch types had witnessed great changes. The fractal degree of each forest patch type became big from 1983 to 1999. The mean extension index of Robinia pseudoacacia forest, non-forest, shrub forest, sparse forest, and Quercus species forest increased rapidly, but that of economic forest became zero. The fractal dimension each showed that forest coverage has been promoted. (3) The changes of landscape patterns were different in different geomorphic regions. From 1983 to 1999 the vegetation cover area, the gross number and the density of patch, diversity and evenness of landscape were all reduced greatly in gullies and ravines, but the maximum area and the mean area of patch types were increased. In hilly region, both the forest cover area and the number of patch increased from 1983 to 1999, but the mean area of patch was reduced greatly. In mountain region, even though the area under forest canopy reduced from 1983 to 1999, the patch number was increased greatly, the mean area of all patch types was reduced, the extension index, diversity index and evenness index of landscape were all increased. Furthermore, because of different types of land use, human activity and terrain, the vegetation changes on northern and southern mountain slopes were different. According to these analyses, the main driving forces, such as the policies of management, market economy, influence of human activities etc. are brought out.     

渤海湾西北部潮间带沉积物激光法与筛析沉降法结果的比较

对渤海湾西北部潮间带16个样品分别进行了激光法与综合法（筛析沉降法）粒度测量。两种方法所获结果的相关分析表明,激光法测得的〉63μm的砂的百分含量平均仅比综合法低5％,相关系数高达0.9,相关性显著。两种方法测得的粉砂和粘土含量相关系数分别为0.39和0.48。进一步将〈63μm部分分为6个粒级对比两种方法的异同,结果显示〈1μm、1～2μm、2～4μm、4～8μm、8～16μm和16～63μm部分的相关系数分别为0.24、0．7、0.7、0.61、0.61和0.37。据此认为,16个样品粒径〈1μm和16～63μm部分两种方法的结果不能对比,其余粒级的激光法结果,通过各自的回归方程,可谨慎地代替传统的综合法。     

黔南-桂中地区泥盆系沉积体系研究

以详细的野外调查和前人资料为基础,对岩石组合、沉积组构、剖面序列、生物组合、沉积机理等进行分析,研究了黔南—桂中地区泥盆系沉积体系特征。研究区可划分出四种沉积体系,即台地体系、台坡体系、陆棚体系、台盆体系,其中陆棚体系主要发育于早泥盆世至中泥盆世早期;建立了相应的沉积模式,并分析其影响因素。     

国家1∶50000 DLG数据库质量检查软件的设计和开发

结合国家1∶50000DLG建库工程,研究和探讨数据质量检查的内容、技术方法,设计开发出1∶50000DLG数据质量检查软件,介绍了软件的功能、特点及应用。     

基于GNSS的单波束测深系统在大中型水库水下地形测量中的应用

随着水库在经济社会发展中所起的作用日趋明显,对水库的开发、治理更加重视,获取高精度的水库水下地形数据变得更加急迫.随着测深技术、差分GNSS技术以及姿态传感器的不断发展,基于GNSS的测深系统为水下地形测量提供了全新的解决方案.通过合理规划测线,经过声速改正、吃水改正,利用船载GNSS导航定位和测深仪采集测深数据,经转...     

南京冬季雾爆发性增强的物理特征研究

根据2006年12月在南京市郊观测的3次浓雾过程(12月12日、14日和24~27日)资料,分析了雾的发展过程及爆发性增强特征,探讨了雾体爆发性增强的原因。结果表明:南京冬季雾爆发性增强的物理特征是在很短时间内(30 min以内),能见度急剧下降,雾滴数密度和含水量明显增加、尺度明显增大、雾滴谱变宽。究其原因,发现夜晚长波辐射增强或近地层出现冷平流造成的气温急剧下降,日出后地表水分蒸发或西南湿平流增强造成的湿度明显增大以及湍流混合作用,都能导致雾体爆发性增强。     

国内外城市区域的研究进展

以研究角度变化为线索,对国内外城市区域相关研究进行了回顾与梳理,发现在经济全球化与信息化背景下,国内外对影响城市区域演化的因素的研究已经从原来仅注重交通等传统因素变为重视对现代因素与传统因素的综合研究,并据此提出了城市区域作今后需要深入研究的主要方向。     

国外灾害风险管理对我国城市洪水保险的启示

全球变化和城市化的共同作用将导致城市洪涝灾害加剧,在这一新背景下,结合国外灾害风险管理的研究,对洪水保险进行了有益的探索,针对以前我国洪水保险试点在农村地区失败的原因,提议我国应该从城市开始实施洪水保险计划,认为实施城市洪水保险有必要性和可行性,可以进一步拓展城市洪涝灾害风险管理的渠道。     

山东程戈庄—铺集地区第四纪地层划分及地质特征

在程戈庄幅、铺集幅浅覆盖区地质填图工作中,对区内第四系采用地面调查与第四系钻探相结合的方式,开展了岩石地层、年代地层,磁性地层及沉积环境等方面的工作。初步建立了地层格架,区内第四纪地层划分为于泉组、大埠组、大站组、黑土湖组、临沂组及沂河组6个组级地层单位;分析了各年代地层单位的沉积环境及沉积相;开始了年代学研究,区内第四系形成于中更新世以后,形成年龄均晚于0.781Ma。     

四川稻城海子山方枝柏树轮宽度与气候因子的响应关系研究

对四川稻城县海子山高原上的方枝柏进行树芯采集,经交叉定年后建立林线上限位置的方枝柏树轮宽度年表.标准化年表与气象资料的响应分析结果揭示了该地区树木生长主要受当年生长季前期温度条件的控制.轮宽指数与前一年9月到当年2月的平均气温呈显著正相关(R=0.56,PP＜0.01).由此重建了该地区1850-2019年这170 a...