A FLUID EXPERIMENT OF GRAVITY INTERNAL WAVE INDUCED BY TERRAIN*

The mountain wave induced by a ridge in two-layer stratified fluid has been successfull ysimulated in a tank.The wave pattern is qualitatively similar to that calculated with linear theory.     

农居地震安全技术网络服务系统的内容和原理.

针对目前农村房屋建造技术不科学,并且人们获取地震安全知识受时间和空间的限制等问题,本文介绍了基于网络环境面向用户的“农居地震安全技术网络服务系统”的建设内容.该系统包含了信息自动筛选、处理分析及信息整编等关键技术,可实现农居建造的抗震设防、场址选择、基础及结构选型的自动组合、合理筛选,为农民工匠、基层技术人员提供农居地震安全方面的初步技术信息.同时,本中还介绍了农居地震安全咨询软件的设计目标、主要内容和功能,重点讨论了系统的关键技术及其特点.     

基于航空影像的盘锦湿地监测空间数据采集方法研究

随着航空摄影的日益常态化,高分辨率的航空影像将成为湿地监测的重要数据源之一。本文以地理国情普查数据为基础,结合盘锦双台河口湿地的具体情况,建立了湿地监测的数据分类基本框架。利用2013年、2008年、2003年3期航空影像数据选取代表性区域,与地理国情普查地表覆盖数据相叠加进行了分析,形成了双台河口湿地的地表覆盖分类空间数据的采集方法。     

红髓型脾脏错构瘤的MSCT影像表现特点

目的：探讨红髓型脾脏错构瘤（SH）的MSCT特点。方法：回顾性分析经手术病理证实的13例红髓型SH的临床及CT影像资料,所有病例均行64层螺旋CT平扫及增强扫描。结果：13例均为单发,共13个病灶,直径4.6~10.5 cm。CT平扫病灶呈等密度者9例,境界不清,呈稍低密度者4例,境界清楚,病灶内均无脂肪成分及钙化,坏死和囊变少见。增强后平扫呈等密度的9例病灶呈不均匀性斑片状轻度强化,平扫呈稍低密度的4例病灶呈不均匀性斑块状明显强化,随时间延迟所有病灶均呈渐进性均匀强化。延迟期病灶密度接近或等于周围正常脾实质的密度,其中误诊为脾脏血管瘤、恶性肿瘤各1例。结论：脾脏错构瘤不同于其他器官的错构瘤,有其自身特点：病灶内常无脂肪成分及钙化灶,当发现脾内单发等密度或稍低密度肿块,增强后病灶呈弥漫性不规则,不均匀性斑片状或斑块状强化,且随时间延迟呈渐进性均匀强化等特征时,应首先考虑脾脏错构瘤,且多为红髓型。     

基于树轮重建的宁夏河东沙地西部公元1899年来年降水量的变化

在分析我国季风区西北缘宁夏河东沙地西部的油松(Pinus tabulaeformis)树木年轮宽度年表与气温降水相关关系基础上,建立了树轮宽度指数与年降水量的转换方程。交叉检验结果表明转换方程比较稳定,重建结果合理可靠。公元1899年来降水量重建结果表明:研究区在20世纪40年代以前,降水变化波动幅度较大,年际间干湿变化明显,20世纪40-80年代间降水波动幅度变小且频率增加,20世纪80年代以后降水变化波动幅度又趋于增大且频率减小;与昌灵山、贺兰山和祁连山东段降水变化对比分析发现河东沙地西部的降水量变化与周边地区气候演变存在一定的同步性;宁夏河东沙地西部20世纪10年代、20世纪20-30年代初期、20世纪末以及2004-2006年的相对干旱时期有利于该区沙漠化范围的扩大,对该区沙漠化治理不利,而20世纪初期、20世纪10年代末期、20世纪30-40年代、20世纪90年代的相对湿润时期在一定程度上减缓了暖干化趋势,有利于沙漠化范围的缩小。周期分析结果表明,宁夏河东沙地西部1899年来降水量变化存在2~4 a、5~7 a和10 a左右变化周期。     

内蒙古中部大青山新地沟绿岩带型金矿的成矿时代

内蒙古新地沟金矿床产于大青山太古宙花岗岩-绿岩带中,受色尔腾山群柳树沟组中基性火山岩系和韧性剪切带控制.容矿岩石主要是变安山质-英安质火山岩类.为解决主矿体的形成时代,采用石英40Ar/39Ar法,直接测定了含金石英细脉浸染状矿石中石英的形成时代,结果表明新地沟金矿的形成时代为1991.43～1988.93Ma.由此提出新地沟金矿的成因主要与吕梁期韧性剪切带中的变质变形作用有关.     

西藏公路建设中的泥石流调查与危险性评价

作者根据大量工程实例及常用方法总结了西藏公路建设中的泥石流调查、评价方法及有关地区性计算公式,对泥石流特征调查的重点主要包括形成条件、运动特征、危害及发展趋势等因素,调查范围一般应以泥石流沟谷(或冲沟)流域范围为界。在实地调查的同时,结合推理计算,方可有效地掌握泥石流的主要特征。泥石流对公路工程的危害性可通过泥石流的活动规模与易发程度定性评价。以上调查方法具有一定的普遍性,可作为今后类似地质环境条件下进行该工作的借鉴。     

阿尔金山脉中金雁山早古生代碰撞造山带：弧岩浆岩的确定与岩体锆石U-Pb和蛇绿混杂岩^40Ar／^39Ar年代学研究的证据

岩石学和地球化学研究结果显示,出露在新疆阿尔金山北部红柳沟-拉配泉蛇绿混杂岩带南侧的金雁山花岗闪长岩体形成于安第斯型陆缘弧构造背景,测得岩体的单颗粒锆石 U-Pb 年龄为467.1±6Ma。此外,对红柳沟-拉配泉蛇绿混杂岩基质绢云母石英片岩中的绢云母进行的~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar 定年,获得坪年龄455±2Ma,等时年龄450±11Ma。上述结果证实,金雁山是一条形成在早古生代的碰撞造山带,其洋-陆俯冲造山作用可能发生在早-中奥陶世,陆-陆碰撞造山作用可能发生在中奥陶世末期。     

Structural and Geochronological Evidence for Multiple Episodes of Tertiary Deformation along the Ailaoshan-Red River Shear Zone, Southeastern Asia, Since the Paleocene

Structural analyses show that the Ailaoshan-Red River shear zone （ASRRSZ） in Ailao Mountain is composed of three different deformational domains. These domains may represent three episodes of left-lateral slip experienced by the ASRRSZ. The first episode of such deformation occurred throughout the eastern high-grade belt of the ASRRSZ under a transtensional regime and produced L- type tectonites of amphibolite grade. The second episode of left-lateral slip formed high strain zones overprinting the high-grade belt. Its deformational mechanism is similar to simple shear and the deformed rocks are L-S mylonites of greenschist grade. The third episode of left-lateral slip took place chiefly in a western low-grade belt of the ASRRSZ. This deformation occurred in a transpressional regime, formed an overall structure pattern of a sinistral thrust system and produced phyllonites of low-greenschist grade. Geochronological data indicated that the three episodes of left-lateral slip happened before ～58-56 Ma, at least from ～27 Ma to 22 Ma and at ～13-12 Ma respectively. The first episode of slip in the ASRRSZ appeared to correspond to the initial collision of India and Asia at ～60 Ma. The second episode took place almost at the same time as the most intensive compression and uplift in Tibet. The latest event might represent a further eastward material flow in Tibet after ～16-13 Ma. Thus, the ASRRSZ of southeastern Asia probably experienced three main episodes of Tertiary left- lateral slip in the course of intracontinental convergence since the India-Asia collision.     

A CASE STUDY OF THE UNCORRELATED RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TROPICAL TROPOPAUSE TEMPERATURE ANOMALIES AND STRATOSPHERIC WATER VAPOR ANOMALIES

Using the measurements from the Halogen Occultation Experiment(HALOE) and the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF) Interim reanalysis data for the period 1994-2005, we analyzed the relationship between tropical tropopause temperature anomalies and stratospheric water vapor anomalies. It is found that tropical tropopause temperature is correlated with stratospheric water vapor, i.e., an anomalously high(low) tropical tropopause temperature corresponds to anomalously high(low) stratospheric water vapor during the period 1994-2005,except for 1996. The occurrence frequency and strength of deep convective activity during the‘mismatched'months is less and weaker than that during the‘matched'months in 1996. However, the instantaneous intensity of four short periods of deep convective activity, caused by strong surface cyclones and high sea surface temperatures, are greater during the ‘mismatched'months than during the ‘matched'months. Water vapor is transported from the lower troposphere to the lower stratosphere through a strong tropical upwelling, leading to an increase in stratospheric water vapor. On the other hand, deep convective activity can lift the tropopause and cool its temperature. In short, the key factor responsible for the poor correlation between tropical tropopause temperature and stratospheric water vapor in1996 is the instantaneous strong deep convective activity. In addition, an anomalously strong Brewer-Dobson circulation brings more water vapor into the stratosphere during the‘mismatched'months in 1996, and this exacerbates the poor correlation between tropical tropopause temperature and stratospheric water vapor.