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991.
992.
On the basis of the results of regional reanalysis of the atmospheric circulation presented with a resolution of 9 km, the
process of formation of breezes is studied for the case of weak synoptic background activity in the rectilinear part of the
west coast of the Black Sea for the period 01–04.07.2007. It is shown that the gravitational currents, breeze fronts, and
intense internal waves are formed under these conditions in the troposphere during the daytime. The Hovm?ller diagrams of
the wind velocity and the maps of the vertical sections of potential temperature, vertical velocity of the air masses, and
other parameters are presented. On the basis of these diagrams and maps, we obtain quantitative estimates of the wind velocity
in the breeze and of the velocity of propagation of the breeze front and compare these estimates with the available literature
data. 相似文献
993.
V. V. Zuev S. L. Bondarenko N. E. Zueva 《Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics》2011,47(9):1032-1038
The response of the total ozone (TO) at subarctic latitudes to volcanic eruptions, products of which were injected into the
stratosphere, is analyzed. It is established that the behavior of the series of average annual TO values according to the
TOMS, SCIAMACHY, and GOME space equipment data averaged for 55°–65° N latitudes agrees with the activity of explosive volcanic
eruptions. The series of the TO satellite monitoring instrumental data are extended by 200 years into the past using a reconstruction
from the dendro-chronologic data. An analysis of the series of TO reconstructed values indicates that volcanogenic perturbations
of the subarctic ozonosphere initiate long-term negative TO deviations. In this case, the TO negative deviation depth depends
on the frequency of the ozonosphere volcanogenic perturbations and the phase of quasiperiodic oscillation cycles rather than
on the strength of a single volcanic explosion. 相似文献
994.
M. B. Gokhberg G. M. Steblov S. L. Shalimov V. A. Veis E. A. Grekhova 《Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics》2011,47(8):929-940
Using available Russian and international Global Positioning System (GPS) network data, we studied the ionospheric response
to the M = 8.9 submarine earthquake of March 11, 2011, on the northeastern coast of Honshu Island, Japan, both near and far (about
2000 km away) from the epicenter. In the region over the epicenter, 8.7 min after the event, we detected a characteristic
signal of the total electron content (TEC) variations consisting of compression and rarefaction phases and a linear transition
zone in between, i.e., in the form of an N-type wave with a steep leading front indicating a rapid uplift of the water surface and, correspondingly, the bottom of the
ocean. The shape of the signal can be used for early tsunami warning; i.e., it may indicate the tsunamigenic character of
a submarine earthquake. We monitored the subsequent evolution of the ionospheric response as far as 2000 km from the epicenter.
It was shown that, besides the wellknown ionospheric N-type wave response to the earthquake, there is also a response in the form of an inverted N-wave, both nearby and far from the epicenter. We detected two more types of ionospheric responses far from the epicenter:
a solitary-like wave and an internal gravity wave (IGW). The detected signals have been interpreted. 相似文献
995.
Core Psd-590 (length 947 cm, water depth 124 m) penetrated the entire sequence of marine (Littorina) mud (730 cm) and stopped
in gray lacustrine (Ancylus) clays with hydrotroilitic films. The Littorina mud is gray-colored, microlaminated in the interval
of 730 to 700 cm, and dark gray with hydrotoilitic films and obscure microlamination higher in the section. According to the
diatom data, typical marine sediments begin at the level of 620 cm, while the lithological-geochemical data indicate this
change at the level of 730 cm. This level is marked by a considerable increase in the concentrations of SiO2amorph, CO2, Corg, and Mn in the sediments. In the interval of 730 to 620 cm, diatoms are represented by both freshwater and brackish-water
species. The Littorina transgression began in the form of individual flows of saline North Sea waters into the Baltic Sea,
which is evident from the microlamination and sharp peaks in the concentrations of the chemical elements. The transgression
exhibits two weakening and one strengthening (core interval of 380 to 220 cm) stages; the latter was marked by the maximal
water salinity. The post-Littorina mud contains molluscan shells and fish bones and is enriched in the fraction of 0.05–0.01
mm. The microlaminated Littorina mud was deposited during periods with stagnant conditions in the bottom water layer, while
the homogenous sediments accumulated during periods of its aeration. 相似文献
996.
997.
In the long-wave approximation, we perform the numerical analysis of the plane problem of runup of waves of various shapes
on a sloping beach. We study transformations of the shape of waves flooding the beach and in the course of their subsequent
rundown. The dependence of maximum elevations and lowerings of the sea level on the parameters of the waves approaching the
beach, the depth of the shelf, and the slope of the bottom are investigated. It is shown that the shape of waves affects the
amplitude characteristics of oscillations of the coastline. The heights of the vertical runup of waves incident on a sloping
beach can be several times higher than the amplitude of waves entering the shelf zone. 相似文献
998.
This paper considers the relationship between multi-year air temperature and pressure fluctuations over the ocean, based on an approximate solution of the problem on the determination of large-scale seawater temperature anomalies from the conditions predominating at the sea surface. The dependence derived is numerically analysed using observations made in the North Atlantic. It is shown that the variability of annual mean air temperature anomalies is largely controlled by the air pressure field which has taken place during the preceding long-term period. The dependence derived may be applied to generate long-term forecasts of the ocean's hydrometeorological regime.Translated by Vladimir A. Puchkin. 相似文献
999.
Internal waves occurring near an oceanic ridge as a result of impingement of a barotropic tide are scrutinized in terms of the long theory for long waves. The ocean is assumed to be double-layered, the relief continuously changing, and the tidal wave on-running at an arbitrary angle. The dependences of the wave amplitudes and horizontal velocities on the ridge's latitude, the angle of tide running, and the depth of the density jump layer are obtained. Similar investigations for the model bottom relief have been conducted in refs 1 and 3.Translated by Vladimir A. Puchkin. 相似文献
1000.
Peculiarities of the dynamics and the structure formation in the estuary run-off lenses have been analysed based on field data obtained at the Guinean coast (the central eastern Atlantic Ocean). Attention was paid to the processes of restratification, internal mixing, and exchange in the areas of the frontal zone of the run-off lens and the tidal frontal zone. The stabilization of the front of the estuary run-off lens by means of the periodic washing out of its forepart by tidal upwelling is described. The mechanisms of the energy transformation in the leading part of the lens have been revealed. Effects of run-off and loczalization of transformed waters in the small-scale frontal zones are found. The energy estimations represented will be useful in considering analogous phenomena in other coastal regions.Translated by Mikhail M. Trufanov. 相似文献