奇异值分解法与阻尼最小二乘法的对比

本文根据电阻率测深曲线的一维反演中对初始模型的要求和收敛速度，论述了奇异值分解法（维根斯法）与阻尼最小二乘法（马奎特法）的优缺点     

震灾保险新制式的技术思路及其科学论证

对作者１９９２年提出的、建立在新观念、新思维基础上的一种独特震灾保险制式的技术思路和运行机制作了概括评述和解析论证。该制式中ＣＲＰＩＥ烈度当量折合费率模式与ＤＩＡＭ机制（延时承保机制）的联袂运行，可以圆满解决国内外震灾保险所面临的主要科学难题     

西折台风的诊断研究

利用欧洲中心格点场资料，对１９８０－１９９２年９例北上西折台风进行诊断分析。结果表明，当达到一定强度的台风西折时，其移动路径左前侧常有暖平流增强，水汽通量辐合增大，不稳定层结加强，高空辐散和整层气旋性环流增强，以及在这些物理变量中心增大区的相迭区有整层降高中心，从而引起台风向负变高中心移动。     

鸟类乐园——河南省罗山县董寨鸟类自然保护区

<正> 董寨鸟类自然保护区地处豫鄂两省交界的大别山北坡,罗山县最南部,总面积4.68万公顷。保护区内群山连绵起伏,地形复杂多变,地势南高北低,平均坡高15°,海拔从100米至840米,以主峰王坟顶(840米),灵山金顶(827米)为中心形成的两大山体群系构成了保护区的核心。 保护区在气候带上属暖温带向北亚热带过渡地带,具有典型的过渡性气候特征,其特点为:气候温和,雨量充沛,夏无酷署,冬无严寒。全年无霜期227天,年降水量1100—     

利用反射地震和多波束资料研究南海西北部麻坑的结构特征与成因

海底碳封存是解决全球温室效应,提高碳汇的重要手段. 然而,海底碳封存会存在碳泄漏的风险,因此有必要对碳储层结构和海底碳泄漏进行监测. 其中,一种有效的监测手段是海底地震仪（OBS）多波多分量地震探测. 本文介绍了使用OBS探测技术对储层结构和海底地壳内流体的探测实例：主要包括二维、三维台阵OBS试验,使用的方法为走时反演、各向异性分析以及微地震方法. 使用OBS进行多波多分量地震探测有范围广、深度大、信噪比高、大偏移距的优点. 然而,目前二维和三维OBS探测建立的碳储层和碳泄漏模型分辨率还有待提高,可以通过使用密集台阵的方式来提高观测精度,或布设更优化的台阵来获得最佳分辨率. 随着碳中和目标的不断临近,各国碳封存的需求迫在眉睫. 因此,尽快发展OBS海底碳泄漏监测技术,保证碳封存方案的实施是尤为必要的.     

海平面上升背景下上海市长江口水源地供水安全风险评估及对策

分析和甄别上海市需水系统和长江口水源地供水系统风险因子,建立基于水资源供需平衡的上海市水源地供水安全风险评估模型,并采用系统动力学预测模型和高分辨率非正交曲线网格移动潮滩边界的长江河口盐水入侵三维数值模型,分别计算分析2030年人口增长、径流减少和海平面上升等3种风险因子叠加作用下的上海市需水量与长江口陈行、东风西沙和青草沙3个水源地的可供原水量,并进行供需比较分析和供水安全风险评估。结果表明：在海平面分别上升10和25 cm、枯季平均径流和没有新增水源条件下,2020年的缺水量分别为39万和74万m³/d,特枯水文年供水能力降低19万m³/d;若新增没冒沙水源300万m³/d,可缓解上海市2020年的缺水状况。     

激发极化法测深曲线解释中的快速反演法

本文根据“直流电阻率测率深曲线解释中的直接反演法”一文,利用塞格尔的极化率模型,首先给出了在激发极化法测深曲线解释中的直接反演方法,在此基础上,又结合Ｏｌｄｅｎｂｕｒｇ,Ｚｏｈｄｙ等人的工作,使用对比迭代反演方法来提高反演精度,文章对几条理论测深曲线进行反演检验,结果表明效果很好。     

Seismic stability for landfills with a triangular berm using pseudo-static limit equilibrium method

This paper extends a previously developed three-part wedge method for the seismic stability analysis of the landfill with a triangular berm using pseudo-static method, and moreover, the translation failure condition of the landfill along under bottom of the berm is only presented. In the seismic impact zone, it is necessary to consider the impact of the seismic force on the stability of the landfill. Generally, apart from the horizontal seismic force, the landfill is also subjected to both upward and downward vertical seismic forces. The downward vertical seismic force has a positive impact on the seismic stability of the landfill, while the upward vertical seismic force is just opposite. Therefore, simply ignoring vertical seismic force, the seismic stability of the landfill will be overestimated or underestimated in the seismic condition. Besides, the seismic yield coefficient is calculated by assuming FS_V = 2FS and the ratio of vertical seismic coefficient to horizontal seismic coefficient is equal to 2/3.     

Modeling residual circulation and stratification in Oujiang River estuary

A 3D,time-dependent,baroclinic,hydrodynamic and salinity model was implemented and applied to the Oujiang River estuarine system in the East China Sea.The model was driven by the forcing of tidal elevations along the open boundaries and freshwater inflows from the Oujiang River.The bottom friction coefficient and vertical eddy viscosity were adjusted to complete model calibration and verification in simulations.It is demonstrated that the model is capable of reproducing observed temporal variability in the water surface elevation and longitudinal velocity,presenting skill coefficient higher than 0.82.This model was then used to investigate the influence of freshwater discharge on residual current and salinity intrusion under different freshwater inflow conditions in the Oujiang River estuary.The model results reveal that the river channel presents a two-layer structure with flood currents near the bottom and ebb currents at the top layer in the region of seawater influenced on north shore under high river flow condition.The river discharge is a major factor affecting the salinity stratification in the estuarine system.The water exchange is mainly driven by the tidal forcing at the estuary mouth,except under high river flow conditions when the freshwater extends its influence from the river’s head to its mouth.