Projected Heat Wave Characteristics over the Korean Peninsula During the Twenty-First Century

Climate change is expected to increase temperatures globally, and consequently more frequent, longer, and hotter heat waves are likely to occur. Ambiguity in defining heat waves appropriately makes it difficult to compare changes in heat wave events over time. This study provides a quantitative definition of a heat wave and makes probabilistic heat wave projections for the Korean Peninsula under two global warming scenarios. Changes to heat waves under global warming are investigated using the representative concentration pathway 4.5 (RCP4.5) and 8.5 (RCP8.5) experiments from 30 coupled models participating in phase five of the Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project. Probabilistic climate projections from multi-model ensembles have been constructed using both simple and weighted averaging. Results from both methods are similar and show that heat waves will be more intense, frequent, and longer lasting. These trends are more apparent under the RCP8.5 scenario as compared to the RCP4.5 scenario. Under the RCP8.5 scenario, typical heat waves are projected to become stronger than any heat wave experienced in the recent measurement record. Furthermore, under this scenario, it cannot be ruled out that Korea will experience heat wave conditions spanning almost an entire summer before the end of the 21st century.     

吉林省龙井市金谷山金矿床成矿地质 特征及成因探讨

龙井市金谷山金矿床是近几年在延边地区新发现的中大型金矿床。矿体赋存于二叠系浊积岩系中 ,其形成受原始含矿岩系、不同岩性界面、断裂构造、褶皱构造和热液叠加改造等多种地质条件控制。一系列矿体产出特征表明其属于微细浸染型金矿 ,与穆龙套型金矿相似。微量元素、稳定同位素等反映出该矿床具有层控深源流体改造型成因特征。     

Formation of the Late Cenozoic volcanic complexes of the Lesser Caucasus

The paper considers the role of the lithospheric mantle and asthenosphere during the Late Cenozoic collision volcanism of the Lesser Caucasus. The results of petrogeochemical studies show that the products of volcanism of the West Volcanic Zone of Armenia and the calc-alkaline andesite–dacite–rhyodacite complex of the Neogene Kelbadzhar and Karabakh plateaus were formed from an enriched source in a suprasubduction setting. Late Pliocene–Quaternary moderately alkaline and alkaline volcanic rocks of the Lesser Caucasus differ in petrogeochemistry from suprasubduction volcanic rocks. In trace element contents and patterns, they are similar to rocks formed from an enriched mantle source. Comparative analysis of the geological and geophysical data suggests the model of lithospheric slab break-off of the thickened lithosphere as the triggering mechanism for Late Cenozoic magmatism of the Lesser Caucasus.     

The elliptical three-body problem. Triangular solution

The restricted three-body problem with eccentric orbit is reviewed and the positions of the triangular Lagrangian points (L₄, L₅) are determined. It is put in evidence the fact the fact L₄ and L₅ are situated at the corners of an isoscales triangle: AB = BC = 1 − e²/)1 + e cos ν )4/3 and AC = 1 − e²/)1 + e cos ν )