印度塔米尔那杜地区堪雅库玛里与奥瓦利之间海岸区域海啸灾后评估——事例分析(英文)

海岸带是动态地区,由于众多因素,包括海平面的上升、波浪与洋流的类型、飓风乃至人类的影响,海岸地区经常受到变动。2004年12月26日巨大海啸席卷了堪雅库玛里至奥瓦利之间的海岸。当海浪冲上海滩时波高达30英尺。许多人因为巨浪的冲击和退浪的强力推拉而淹死在海里,许多村庄被毁。死亡总数超过300人,而且财产损失严重。海啸的规模与洋底移动的面积、移动距离是有关系的。该区显示为海成阶地、沙丘、滩脊、河口、洪积平原、海滩、红树林、准平原、高地、海蚀崖等等。我们试图通过现场在线勘查、政府记录以及采用遥感技术所做的海岸地貌研究等资料,通过海滩剖面测量和海岸环境的变化,进行海岸线动力学研究。文中也对主要的破坏予以认定。     

Transition probabilities and dissociation energy of astrophysical molecule CrH

The Franck-Condon (FC) factors (transition probabilities) andr-centroids have been evaluated by the reliable numerical integration procedure for the bands of the A⁶⁺ X ⁶⁺ system of astrophysical molecule CrH, using a suitable potential. The dissociation energyD ₀ ⁰ = 2.3 eV for the electronic ground state of CrH has been estimated by fitting the Hulburt-Hirschfelder function to the experimental potential energy curve, using the correlation coefficient.     

Landslide susceptibility analysis using probabilistic likelihood ratio model—a geospatial-based study

The crucial and difficult task in landslide susceptibility analysis is estimating the probability of occurrence of future landslides in a study area under a specific set of geomorphic and topographic conditions. This task is addressed with a data-driven probabilistic model using likelihood ratio or frequency ratio and is applied to assess the occurrence of landslides in the Tevankarai Ar sub-watershed, Kodaikkanal, South India. The landslides in the study area are triggered by heavy rainfall. Landslide-related factors—relief, slope, aspect, plan curvature, profile curvature, land use, soil, and topographic wetness index proximity to roads and proximity to lineaments—are considered for the study. A geospatial database of the related landslide factors is constructed using Arcmap in GIS environment. Landslide inventory of the area is produced by detailed field investigation and analysis of the topographical maps. The results are validated using temporal data of known landslide locations. The area under the curve shows that the accuracy of the model is 85.83%. In the reclassified final landslide susceptibility map, 14.48% of the area is critical in nature, falling under the very high hazard zone, and 67.86% of the total validation dataset landslides fall in this zone. This landslide susceptibility map is a vital tool for town planning, land use, and land cover planning and to reduce risks caused by landslides.     

Geospatial Application in the Study of Beach Placer along the Coast of Gulf of Mannar,India

Abstract

Geospatial analysis of marine mineral placer deposits along the Gulf of Mannar is attempted. This study develops a method for the spatial anlaysis of data using geographical information system (GIS). Specifically, creating attribute data base structure, data encoding, data interpolation, and view shed analysis are attempted to delineate the opaque and garnet occurrences in the beach sediments. Data integration including the creation of digital files using TNT Mips software is performed. The interpolation of the spaced data is achieved by inverse distance weighed interpolation to define the zone of heavy mineral enrichment. This study has established the digital elevation model (DEM) capability to identify the potential beach placer zones in the study area.     

Identification of CrH and CrD Molecular Lines in the Sunspot Umbral Spectrum

High-resolution Fourier transform spectrometer sunspot umbral spectra obtained at the National Solar Observatory/Kitt Peak were used to identify molecular rotational lines arising from the infrared band systems of CrH and CrD molecules. Measurement of the equivalent width used the Gaussian-profile approximation method, which is suitable especially for faint lines. Equivalent widths are measured for an adequate number of best lines of the A – X (0,0) band of CrH and the A – X (0,0;1,0) bands of CrD and, thereby, the effective rotational temperatures are estimated.     

On the Rotational Temperature of AlH in Sunspots

A search has been carried out for the presence of rotational lines of two bands of the (0, 0) and (1, 1) A ¹Π?–?X ¹Σ⁺ system of the AlH molecule in the high resolution Fourier Transform Spectra of sunspots observed at the National Solar Observatory at Kitt Peak. Though the presence of the AlH molecule in sunspots was confirmed by Wallace, Hinkle, and Livingston (An Atlas of Sunspot Umbral Spectra in the Visible from 15?000 to 25?000 cm^?1 (3920 to 6664 Å), Tech. Rep. 00-001, National Solar Observatory, Tucson, AZ, 2000), there is no report on the rotational temperature in the literature by identifying AlH molecular lines. The results obtained in this new search using a suitable identification technique are compared with the results reported by Wallace, Hinkle, and Livingston (2000). In view of the fact that the rotational temperatures of the molecules could be used to test photospheric and sunspot models, the effective rotational temperature for the (0, 0) band of the A?–?X system of AlH molecule is estimated by measuring the equivalent widths of well resolved spectral lines and its value justifies the existence of the AlH molecule in sunspots.     

Transition probability parameters for the band systems G, H and I-B of astrophysical molecule PO

The transition probability parameters, Franck – Condon factors and r-centroids, have been evaluated by the more reliable numerical integration procedure for the bands of G, H and I-B systems of astrophysical molecule PO, using a suitable potential. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Provenance Signature of Pre-Cambrian and Mesozoic Rocks in the Nearshore Placers of Konkan,Central West Coast of India

Heavy mineral studies of the nearshore placer deposits of the Konkan Coast reveal a dominant assemblage comprised of garnet and kyanite along with other accessory minerals like epidote, olivine and rutile. The heavy mineral assemblage of the study region shows a characteristic suite of 17 types of heavy minerals. Their abundance shows hardly any drastic variation in the four bays studied. Overwhelming presence of minerals like garnet and kyanite in the studied four bays points to the source as metamorphic rocks. The presence of etched garnets, overgrown zircons and etched kyanites corroborate the recycling of paleo-sediments into the bay. Characterization of opaques under the microscope also corroborates the influence of a metamorphic source, rather than the adjoining basaltic rocks. However, the absence of metamorphic rocks in the hinterland suggests the possibility of deposition of sediments predominantly from offshore. Factor analysis results also corroborate the overwhelming influence of metamorphic rocks in the present study region rather than the abutting basalts.     

Identification of SrF molecular lines in the spectrum of sunspot umbra

A high resolution spectrum of a sunspot umbra is used for identification of rotational lines due to (0, 0) band of the A ²Π–X ²Σ⁺ system and (0, 0), (1, 1), and (2, 2) bands of the B ²Σ⁺–X ²Σ⁺ system of the molecule SrF. The published sunspot umbral spectrum obtained with Fourier Transform Spectrometer and solar telescope of National Solar Observatory/National Optical Astronomy Observatory at Kitt Peak was used for the study. The new identification of more than 200 SrF lines in the umbral spectrum confirms that this molecule accounts for the majority of lines in the spectral range 15050 to 15360 cm⁻¹ and 17240 to 17300 cm⁻¹. Equivalent widths have been measured for well-resolved lines of these bands and the effective rotational temperatures have been estimated for which the presence is confirmed.