Leveraging locational insights within retail store development? Assessing the use of location planners’ knowledge in retail marketing

The retail geography literature has long recognised the importance of spatial and catchment analysis to inform decision-making relating to store development. However, less attention has been directed to store development “in practice” and, more specifically, how location research and geographical knowledge is leveraged across the wider retail business – in particular informing the marketing function. Through the use of a semi-structured interview and focus group methodology involving approximately 40 location planning, property and marketing analysts, we find that while some larger retailers have established close links between store development and marketing functions in the exchange of catchment, customer, competitor and loyalty card data to inform local marketing, product ranging, promotional mailings and post-opening store performance reviews, this tends to be the exception rather than the rule. We suggest there is a need for location planners to develop their intra-organisational legitimacy to engender a culture of knowledge-sharing and challenge the departmentalised, silo cultures that exist within some retailers in order to better leverage geographical insights and assist in the realisation of appropriate customer propositions and marketing strategies.     

Chromium-aluminum mixing in garnet: A thermochemical study

The enthalpies of mixing of synthetic grossular (Ca₃Al₂Si₃O₁₂)-uvarovite (Ca₃Cr₂Si₃O₁₂) solid solutions have been determined by oxide melt calorimetry at 970 K. The results indicate that the solid solution exhibits a very small negative deviation from Raoult's law. In terms of the regular solution model a chromium-aluminum interaction parameter $\text{W}{}_{\mathrm{H}}{}^{\mathrm{Cr-Al}}$ of between 0 and ?1000 cal/gm atom is consistent with the data.     

Magnetite activities across the MgAl2O4-Fe3O4 spinel join,with application to thermobarometric estimates of upper mantle oxygen fugacity

The activity of Fe₃O₄ component in MgAl₂O₄-Fe₃O₄ spinels has been measured at 900° and 1000° C and 1 atm total pressure using a zirconia oxygen electrolyte. As previously reported for the dilute Fe₃O₄ concentration region (Mattioli and Wood 1986a), magnetite activity at 1000° C is greater than at 900° C at constant Fe₃O₄ mole fraction, for compositions across the MgAl₂O₄-Fe₃O₄ join between 20 and 80 mol% Fe₃O₄ component. The 1-atm solvus crest lies between 900° and 1000° C and, at 900° C the limbs are at Fe₃O₄ mole fractions of 0.2 and 0.6 approximately.Application of the O'Neill and Navrotsky (1983, 1984) cation distribution model indicates that the unusual activity — composition behavior of Fe₃O₄ is caused by changes in the equilibrium state of disorder of mixed MgAl₂O₄-Fe₃O₄ spinels relative to the disordered Fe₃O₄ standard state. In addition, both stoichiometric volumes (Mattioli et al. 1987) and activities across the MgAl₂O₄-Fe₃O₄ join suggest that short range order is significant for this binary. Excess free energy terms must be added to ideal Fe₃O₄ activities formulated from equilibrium cation distributions in complex MgAl₂O₄-Fe₃O₄ spinels in order to increase Fe₃O₄ activities to values consistent with observation and to generate the apparent region of immiscibility at 900° C.We have applied our activity data to the estimation of upper mantle spinel-lherzolite oxygen fugacities. We calculated that minimum 's are about 2 log units below the synthetic QFM buffer at 15 kbar total pressure for Fe₃O₄ concentration of 2 mol%, in a Cr-free spinel phase. If a preliminary calibration of an additional 25 mol% Fe²⁺-substitution as FeCr₂O₄ or FeAl₂O₄ component is incorporated into Fe₃O₄ activity, then olivine-orthopyroxene-spinel assemblages of depleted-Type 1-spinel-lherzolite xenoliths indicate 's close to QFM at 15 kbar. This is in good agreement with previous thermobarometric estimates and in sharp contrast to 1 atm intrinsic measurements near IW.     

The nature, origin and physicochemical controls of hydrothermal Mo-Bi mineralization in the Cadillac deposit, Quebec, Canada

Mo-Bi mineralization occurs in subvertical and subhorizontal quartz-muscovite-± K-feldspar veins surrounded by early albitic and later K-feldspathic alteration halos in monzogranite of the Archean Preissac pluton, Abitibi region, Québec, Canada. Molybdenite is intergrown with muscovite in the veins or associated with K-feldspar in the alteration halos. Mineralized veins contain five main types of fluid inclusions: aqueous liquid and liquid-vapor inclusions, aqueous carbonic liquid-liquid-vapor inclusions, carbonic liquid and vapor inclusions, halite-bearing aqueous liquid and liquid-vapor inclusions, trapped mineral-bearing aqueous liquid and liquid-vapor inclusions. The carbonic solid in frozen carbonic and aqueous-carbonic inclusions melts in most cases at −56.7 ± 0.1 °C indicating that the carbonic fluid consists largely of CO₂. All aqueous inclusion types and the aqueous phase in carbonic inclusions have low initial melting temperatures (≥70 °C), requiring the presence of salts other than NaCl. Leachate analyses show that the bulk fluid contains variable proportions of Na, K, Ca, Cl, and traces of Mg and Li. The following solids were identified in the fluid inclusions by SEM-EDS analysis: halite, calcite, muscovite, millerite (NiS), barite and antarcticite (CaCl₂ · 6H₂O). All are interpreted to be trapped phases except halite which is a daughter mineral, and antarcticite which formed during sample preparation (freezing). Aqueous inclusions homogenize to liquid at temperatures between 75 °C and 400 °C; the mode is 375 °C. Aqueous-carbonic inclusions homogenize to liquid or vapor between 210 °C and 400 °C. Halite-bearing aqueous inclusions homogenize by halite dissolution at approximately 170 °C. Aqueous inclusions containing trapped solids exhibit liquid-vapor homogenization at temperatures similar to those of halite-bearing aqueous inclusions. Temperatures of vein formation, based on oxygen isotopic fractionation between quartz and muscovite, range from 342 °C to 584 °C. The corresponding oxygen isotope composition of the aqueous fluid in equilibrium with these minerals ranges from 1.2 to 5.5 per mil with a mean of 3.9 per mil, suggesting that the liquid had a significant meteoric component. Isochores for aqueous fluid inclusions intersect the modal isotopic isotherm of 425 °C at pressures between 590 and 1900 bar. A model is proposed in which molybdenite was deposited owing to decreasing temperature and/or pressure from CO₂-bearing, moderate to high salinity fluids of mixed magmatic-meteoric origin that were in equilibrium with K-feldspar and muscovite. These fluids resulted from the degassing of a monzogranitic magma and evolved through interaction with volcanic (komatiitic) and sedimentary country rocks. Received: 6 February 1997 / Accepted: 28 January 1998     

ANN-Based Prediction of Laboratory-Scale Performance of CO2-Foam Flooding for Improving Oil Recovery

Natural Resources Research - Improving oil recovery by CO2 injection continues to gain momentum in mature oil fields due to its favorable industrial and environmental benefits. One remediation for...     

Evaluation of Hydrologically Relevant PCM Climate Variables and Large-Scale Variability over the Continental U.S.

The ability of the Parallel Climate Model (PCM) to reproduce the mean and variability of hydrologically relevant climate variables was evaluated by comparing PCM historical climate runs with observations over temporal scales from sub-daily to annual. The domain was the continental U.S, and the model spatial resolution was T42 (about 2.8 degrees latitude by longitude). The climate variables evaluated include precipitation, surface air temperature, net surface solar radiation, soil moisture, and snow water equivalent. The results show that PCM has a winter dry bias in the Pacific Northwest and a summer wet bias in the central plains. The diurnal precipitation variation in summer is much stronger than observed, with an afternoon maximum in summer precipitation over much of the U.S. interior, in contrast with an observed nocturnal maximum in parts of the interior. PCM has a cold bias in annual mean temperature over most of the U.S., with deviations as large as ?8 K. The PCM daily temperature range is lower than observed, especiallyin the central U.S. PCM generally overestimates the net solar radiation over most of the U.S, although the diurnal cycle is simulated well in spring, summer and winter. In autumn PCM has a pronounced noontime peak in solar radiation that differs by 5–10% from observations. PCM'ssimulated soil moisture is less variable than that of a sophisticated land-surface hydrology model, especially in the interior of the country. PCM simulates the wetter conditions over the southeastern U.S. and California during warm (El Niño) events, but shifts the drier conditions in the PacificNorthwest northward and underestimates their magnitude. The temperature response to the North Pacific Oscillation is generally captured by PCM, but the amplitude of this response is overestimated by a factor of about two.     

Geographies of knowledge, practices of globalization: learning from the oil exploration and production industry

In this paper we initiate a dialogue between work on the geographies of globalization and knowledge economies, areas of inquiry that have tended to develop in isolation. We argue for a critical harnessing of these two bodies of work to (1) understand how and where different types of knowledge are acquired, produced and mobilized by firms as they seek to 'go global', (2) map the multi-scalar geographies of knowledge that enable practices of globalization and (3) examine the ways in which networks of knowledge structure emerging geographies of production. We demonstrate the potential of this move using oil exploration and production as an example.     

Working a fraction and making a fraction work: a rough guide for geographers in the academy

Little is known about the issues facing geographers working on fractional appointments in higher education institutions in the UK. This paper draws on a survey of UK geography departments and personal experiences to explore some of that territory for the first time. The purpose is both to set the agenda for institutional policy issues and to provide some immediate points of reflection for staff intending to take up fractional work. We consider the place of fractional working in the dominant discourses around paid work, problems of workload division and the impact on professional standing (including the RAE). We suggest that while personal 'life' reasons for fractional working are often positive, fractional workers in the academy risk professional marginalization.     

Characterizing Atmospheric Aerosols off the Atlantic Canadian Coast During C-FOG

Boundary-Layer Meteorology - Marine aerosols play an important role in the Earth’s climate, but their effects remain highly uncertain due to a poor understanding of their sources, properties,...     

The Implementation and Sustainability of Village Conservation Agreements Around Kerinci Seblat National Park,Indonesia

We investigated the implementation and sustainability of village conservation agreements and village conservation grants facilitated by an integrated conservation and development project (ICDP) around the Kerinci Seblat National Park, Sumatra, Indonesia, 5 years after the project closed. Forty-three percent of agreement actions (n = 180) and 30% of grant activities (n = 74) were sustained. Informants identified numerous factors influencing success, but statistical tests failed to detect simple explanations. Conservation-livelihood agreements have a greater chance of success when preexisting factors are understood and the purpose of the agreement itself is clearly defined.