Effects of gas generation and precipitates on performance of Fe0 PRBs

Long-term reactivity and permeability are critical factors in the performance of granular iron permeable reactive barriers (PRBs). Thus it is a topic of great practical importance, as well as scientific interest. In this study, four types of source solutions (distilled H2O, 10 mg/L TCE, 300 mg/L CaCO3, and 10 mg/L TCE + 300 mg/L CaCO3) were supplied to four columns containing a commercial granular iron material. In all four columns, gases accumulated to approximately 10% of the initial porosity and resulted in declines in permeability of approximately 50% to 80%. In the columns receiving CaCO3, carbonate precipitates accumulated to approximately 7% of the initial porosity, with no apparent decline in permeability. The data indicate that precipitates formed initially at the influent ends of the columns, reducing the reactivity of the iron in this region. As a consequence of the reduced reactivity, calcium and bicarbonate migrated further into the column, to precipitate in a region where the reactivity remained high. Thus precipitation occurred as a moving front through the columns. The results suggest improved methods for PRB design and rehabilitation, and also suggest improvements that are needed in the mathematical models developed for predicting long-term performance.     

聚类统计检验在人工增雨效果检验中的应用

将聚类统计检验分析引入原有的基于聚类的浮动区对比历史回归人工增雨效果检验方法中,减小站点分区的盲目性,聚为同一类的站点相似度更大,使聚类分析具有统计学意义。并把这种方法和未引入聚类检验的方法进行比较,通过对河南4月10次作业的效果评估表明,引入聚类检验提高了效果评估的功效。     

天然水中测定18个微量金属元素的化学-光谱法

天然水中的微迹元素含量很低(均以ppb计量),需要非常灵敏的分析方法才能发现水化学异常。近年来,有人采用PAN作为微量金属元素的沉淀剂和硫化镉共沉淀剂,在野外将水样处理成共沉淀残渣,然后由室内光谱撒样法测定[1],解决了大宗水样     

川西前陆盆地上三叠统须家河组地层的划分对比及沉积演化

为了解决川西前陆盆地上三叠统须家河组地层的划分和对比问题,从岩石地层和层序地层两个方面进行了研究,利用地震、古生物、录井以及野外露头等资料对上三叠统的地层划分和对比方案进行了重新厘定,提出了不同地区的须家河组和香溪群的地层对比和划分方案,并且在层序地层学研究基础上提出了“早期海相构造层序”和“晚期陆相构造层序”。具体介绍和解释了川西“对冲式”前陆盆地地层沉积演化模式的特点和形成原因。     

Depositional history of organic contaminants in Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island, USA

Sediment cores were taken at three locations in Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island, USA in 1997 and analyzed for a variety of organic contaminants including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), chlordanes, linear alkyl benzenes (LABs), benzotriazoles (BZTs) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs) and metabolites. The distributions of these chemicals at Apponaug Cove and in the Seekonk River indicate that there was a disturbance in the depositional environment relative to cores collected at these locations in 1986 demonstrating the potential for buried contaminants to be remobilized in the environment even after a period of burial. Sharp breaks in the concentration of several organic markers with known dates of introduction were successfully used to determine the sedimentation rate at Quonset Point. Both the Quonset Point and Seekonk River cores had subsurface maximums for DDTs, PCBs, PAHs and BZTs, which are consistent with expected inputs to the environment. The Apponaug Cove core showed an increase of most contaminants at the surface indicating a recent event in which more contaminated sediments were deposited at that location.