神农架大九湖晚更新世与全新世之交的气候变化——来自孢粉的信息

对神农架大九湖泥炭地层进行了孢粉分析,建立了晚更新世与全新世之交(14 031～9 625 aBP)高分辨率的孢粉组合带.根据孢粉植被反映的气候信息推断大九湖地区在晚更新世与全新世之交的气候大致以冷湿为特点,同时气候变化剧烈,表现为冷暖干湿波动频繁,可划分为3个气候旋回:第一旋回(14 031～12 581 aBP)气候变化经历了由温凉偏干-温凉湿润-温暖偏干的过程;第二旋回(12 581～11 046 aBP)气候变化经历了由寒冷偏干-温凉湿润-温凉偏干的过程;第三旋回(11 406～9 625 aBP)气候变化经历了由温凉偏干-寒冷湿润-温凉偏干的过程.     

1990~2013年河南省县域人口、经济和粮食生产重心的迁移轨迹与耦合特征——兼议与社会剥夺的关系

基于社会剥夺理论,利用重心计算及空间耦合分析模型,研究了1990~2013年河南省县域人口重心、经济重心、粮食生产重心动态迁移及其空间耦合,并探讨其与社会发展水平之间的关系。结果表明：23 a来河南省经济、人口及粮食生产重心均在省域几何重心北部变动,空间错位格局日趋显著,变动一致性波动剧烈;2000年前人口重心与粮食重心耦合度较高,2000年后粮食重心与经济重心明显呈东南-西北路径背向偏离,粮食生产对经济重心迁移的影响持续下降,而人口重心与经济重心耦合度逐步提升;传统农区社会发展严重滞后于经济增长水平,粮食主产县区的“粮食与民生倒挂”特征显著。     

基于地质空间数据挖掘的区域成矿预测方法

以多源地质空间数据库和空间数据挖掘技术为基础,顾及地质数据的空间特征和不确定性,提出一种基于地质空间数据挖掘的区域成矿预测方法,主要包括:连续型地质空间数据离散化、成矿空间关系提取及属性化、成矿关联规则提取及质量评价、成矿关联规则综合评价与潜力制图.最后,以青海省东昆仑地区铁矿资源潜力预测为例进行实验,并将地质空间数据...     

River-induced flow dynamics in long-screen wells and impact on aqueous samples

Previously published field investigations and modeling studies have demonstrated the potential for sample bias associated with vertical wellbore flow in conventional monitoring wells constructed with long-screened intervals. This article builds on the existing body of literature by (1) demonstrating the utility of continuous (i.e., hourly measurements for ～1 month) ambient wellbore flow monitoring and (2) presenting results from a field experiment where relatively large wellbore flows (up to 4 L/min) were induced by aquifer hydrodynamics associated with a fluctuating river boundary located approximately 250 m from the test well. The observed vertical wellbore flows were strongly correlated with fluctuations in river stage, alternating between upward and downward flow throughout the monitoring period in response to changes in river stage. Continuous monitoring of ambient wellbore flows using an electromagnetic borehole flowmeter allowed these effects to be evaluated in concert with continuously monitored river-stage elevations (hourly) and aqueous uranium concentrations (daily) in a long-screen well and an adjacent multilevel well cluster. This study demonstrates that when contaminant concentrations within the aquifer vary significantly over the depth interval interrogated, river-induced vertical wellbore flow can result in variations in measured concentration that nearly encompass the full range of variation in aquifer contaminant concentration with depth.     

土地资源资产审计时空数据分析系统设计与实现

构建基于时空数据的土地资源资产审计系统,对促进生态文明建设和领导干部自然资源资产离任(任中)审计信息化有重要意义,为支撑土地管理、提升国土空间治理能力提供了决策依据。本文在对土地资源资产审计进行深入研究的基础上,基于土地资源资产时空数据,使网络地理信息技术与审计信息化相结合,构建了土地资源资产审计系统,并对数据库设计、系统实现关键技术进行了详细阐述。最后以四川省为例,构建了土地资源资产审计时空数据分析系统。     

Impact of air gun noise on the behaviour of marine fish and squid

In this study various species of captive marine fish and one species of squid were exposed to the noise from a single air gun. Six trials were conducted off the coast of Western Australia with each trial using a different noise exposure regime. Noise levels received by the animals ranged between 120 and 184 dB re 1 μPa(2).s (SEL). Behavioural observations of the fish and squid were made before, during and after air gun noise exposure. Results indicate that as air gun noise levels increase, fish respond by moving to the bottom of the water column and swimming faster in more tightly cohesive groups. Significant increases in alarm responses were observed in fish and squid to air gun noise exceeding 147-151 dB re 1 μPa SEL. An increase in the occurrence of alarm responses was also observed as noise level increased.     

济阳坳陷原油及油田水中金银等元素含量研究

对济阳坳陷原油及油田水样品中的金银及其他成太元素含量进行了测定，结果表明，原油尤其是稠油中的金含量较高，油田水样品的金和某些其他成矿元素含量也比较高。对这元素含量分布特征的初步研究显示，金主要分面富含S、N、O等杂原子的胶质沥青质组份中，可能与这些杂原子在低温下易与金形成配合物有关。油田水样品中金与砷、汞、铅等元素存在明显的相关关系，这与它们在低温成矿作用时常常密切共生是一致的。