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261.
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BY NILS-AXEL MÖRNER BOB G. LIND GÖRAN POSSNERT 《Geografiska Annaler: Series A, Physical Geography》2009,91(3):205-213
Heimdall's Stones at Vitemölla is an archaeological monument of stones arranged in circles and where sightlines can be identified of the sunrise and sunset at winter and summer solstices and spring and autumn equinoxes. Therefore, this stone monument is likely to have served as an archaeoastronomic observatory. It is founded in a fossil land surface now covered by half a metre of eolian sand. In order to date this sand drift, sediment coring was performed in the nearby Sandefloen bog. Seven levels were subjected to AMS C14 dating. The first sand drift, correlated with the sand drift covering Heimdall's Stones, was dated at 500–600 cal. bc . Consequently, the observatory has to date back to the Bronze Age, fitting well with its Sun cult and with the rock carvings recorded on the individual stones. At the seashore 500 m east of the observatory and the bog, we were able to reconstruct the sea-level changes. In conclusion, we combine the recorded sea-level changes with the C14-dated bog stratigraphy and the observed stratigraphy at Heimdall's Stones (covering an area of 500×500 m) into one unified picture. The chronostratigraphic position of Heimdall's Stones agrees well with the dating of the Kivik grave. The Vitemölla area is likely to have been an important cultural centre in the Bronze Age. 相似文献
263.
山东省城市土地集约利用时空差异 总被引:21,自引:1,他引:20
结合山东省区域发展实际,从土地利用强度、土地利用投入和土地利用效益等方面出发构建区域城市土地集约利用综合评价体系,以山东省地级城市的土地利用数据为基础,采用主成分分析法、聚类分析法对省内区域城市土地集约利用水平进行综合评价,分析其时间和区域变化情况,为宏观指导城市土地资源集约利用、转变土地利用方式提供参考。研究结果表明:(1)2000-2005年山东省城市土地利用集约度不断提高,而2006年比2005年山东省城市土地集约利用度稍有下降;(2)山东省城市土地集约利用水平从沿海城市向内地递减,尤其以山东省西南部边缘城市集约度水平最低;(3)经济发展水平是影响土地集约利用重要的外部因素,济南和青岛等经济发达地区集约利用水平相对较高。 相似文献
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266.
THE DISCUSSION FOR THE NEW ACTIVITY OF THE TIANQUAN SEGMENT OF LONGMENSHAN FAULT ZONE AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO THE 1327 TIANQUAN EARTHQUAKE,SICHUAN
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The 2008 Wenchuan earthquake occurred along the Longmen Shan fault zone, only five years later, another M7 Lushan earthquake struck the southern segment where its seismic risk has been highly focused by multiple geoscientists since this event. Through geological investigations and paleoseismic trenching, we suggest that the segment along the Shuangshi-Dachuan Fault at south of the seismogenic structure of the Lushan earthquake is active during Holocene. Along the fault, some discontinuous fault trough valleys developed and the fault dislocated the late Quaternary strata as the trench exposed. Based on analysis of historical records of earthquakes, we suggest that the epicenter of the 1327 Tianquan earthquake should be located near Tianquan and associated with the Shuangshi-Dachuan Fault. Furthermore, we compared the ranges of felt earthquakes(the 2013 M7 Lushan earthquake and the 1970 MS6.2 Dayi earthquake)and suggest that the magnitude of the 1327 Tianquan earthquake is more possible between 6½ and 7. The southern segment of the Longmen Shan fault zone behaves as a thrust fault system consisting of several sub-paralleled faults and its deep structure shows multiple layers of decollement, which might disperse strain accumulation effectively and make the thrust system propagate forward into the foreland basin, creating a new decollement on a gypsum-salt bed. The soft bed is thick and does not facilitate to constrain fault deformation and accumulate strain, which produces a weak surface tectonic expression and seismic activity along the southern segment, this is quite different from that of the middle and northern segments of the Longmen Shan fault zone. 相似文献
267.
PALEOSEISMIC RECORDS OF LARGE EARTHQUAKES ON THE CROSS-BASIN FAULT IN THE SALT LAKE PULL-APART BASIN AND CASCADE RUPTURE EVENTS ON THE HAIYUAN FAULT
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Cascade rupture events often occur along large strike-slip fault zone.The 1920 AD M 81/2 earthquake ruptured all 3 segments of the Haiyuan Fault,and the Salt Lake pull-apart basin is the boundary between the west and middle segment of the fault.The data of trenching and drilling reveal 7 events occurring since last stage of late Pleistocene,and the two youngest events are associated with the historical records of 1092 AD (possibly) and 1920 AD respectively.These events are all large earthquakes with magnitude M>8,and the recurrence of them is characterized by earthquake clusters alternating with a single event.Now it is in the latest cluster which may last about 1000 years.Comparison of the paleoseismic sequence of this study and previous results reveals that the cross-basin fault in the Salt Lake pull-apart basin does not always rupture when cascade rupture events occur along the Haiyuan Fault,and likely ruptures only when the magnitude of the events is large (maybe M>8).Though there are many advantages in paleoseismic study in pull-apart basin,we should avoid getting the paleoseismic history of major strike-slip fault zones only depending on the rupture records of inner faults in pull-apart basins with large scale (maybe a width more than 3km). 相似文献
268.
在介绍盈江及邻近区域地震构造背景、新构造运动及区域构造应力场等的基础上,从2011年盈江5.8级地震烈度等震线、地震序列、地表形变带和震源机制解等方面,初步分析了本次地震的构造活动特征.结果显示,盈江5.8级主震与北东向大盈江断裂左旋走滑活动密切相关,前震和主震序列则反映出北东向大盈江断裂与近南北向苏典—盈江断裂共轭破裂活动的特征.通过区域历史地震概况和5.8级主震前后的地震活动情况,初步探讨了盈江地区的地震活动特点,认为群震是盈江地区地震活动的一大特点,5.8级地震的发生则是2011年年初4级群震继续增强活动的结果. 相似文献
269.
本文基于短弧长法开发了一套由低轨卫星数据解算重力场的系统ANGELS(ANalyst of Gravity Estimation with Low-orbit Satellites),成功用GRACE Level1B数据解算出全球时变重力场模型(第一版IGG-CAS系列模型),并与国际三大知名重力卫星相关研究机构:美国德克萨斯大学空间中心CSR (Center for Space Research)、德国GFZ地学研究中心(GeoForschungsZentrum)和美国宇航局JPL喷气推进实验室(Jet Propulsion Laboratory)发布的全球时变重力场模型(RL05模型)进行了详细的比较分析.通过每阶大地水准面差距的对比结果表明,IGG-CAS模型的精度接近RL05模型的精度.对以上四家机构在2004-2010年的时变重力场模型经过相同的去条带和高斯滤波处理,可以发现四家GRACE反演陆地水时变信号的空间分布十分接近,在长江流域反演的陆地水时变信号,两两之间的相关系数均大于0.8.通过反演撒哈拉沙漠干旱地区的时变信号来评估反演的精度水平,IGG-CAS、CSR-RL05、GFZ-RL05和JPL-RL05反演结果的均方差分别为1.5 cm、1.1 cm、1.1 cm和1.2 cm等效水柱高.综合表明IGG-CAS时变重力场反演模型的精度接近于目前国外主要机构最新公布的时变重力场模型. 相似文献
270.
安宁河断层与则木河断层是青藏高原东南川滇地块东边界断裂带的重要组成部分,晚第四纪以来变形样式主要以左旋走滑运动为主。安宁河断层走向近SN向,以冕宁为界分为南北两段,北段古地震复发周期500~700a,全新世以来左旋平均位移速率约4mm/a。南段的古地震研究程度较低,通过在月华一带开挖探槽及大量14C测年限定其大地震平均复发间隔为600~800a。则木河断层北接安宁河断层,全新世以来平均左旋位移速率为2.4~3.6mm/a,大地震复发周期约2 300a。对比安宁河断层与则木河断层的古地震行为,发现安宁河断层大地震复发间隔相对较短,平均左旋位移速率稍大,存在着古地震行为的不协调性。安宁河断层与则木河断层走向不一致、螺髻山的快速隆升以及安宁河断层南侧SN向展布的走滑断层系统等可能是造成安宁河-则木河断层古地震行为差异的原因。 相似文献