Preparation and Certification of Re-Os Dating Reference Materials: Molybdenites HLP and JDC

Two Re-Os dating reference material molybdenites were prepared. Molybdenite JDC and molybdenite HLP are from a carbonate vein-type molybdenum-(lead)-uranium deposit in the Jinduicheng-Huanglongpu area of Shaanxi province, China. The samples proved to be homogeneous, based on the coefficient of variation of analytical results and an analysis of variance test. The sampling weight was 0.1 g for JDC and 0.025 g for HLP. An isotope dilution method was used for the determination of Re and Os. Sample decomposition and pre-concentration of Re and Os prior to measurement were accomplished using a variety of methods: acid digestion, alkali fusion, ion exchange and solvent extraction. Negative thermal ionisation mass spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry were used for the determination of Re and ¹⁸⁷Os concentration and isotope ratios. The certified values include the contents of Re and Os and the model ages. For HLP, the Re content was 283.8 ± 6.2 μg g⁻¹, ¹⁸⁷Os was 659 ± 14 ng g⁻¹ and the Re-Os model age was 221.4 ± 5.6 Ma. For JDC, the Re content was 17.39 ± 0.32 μg g⁻¹, ¹⁸⁷Os was 25.46 ± 0.60 ng g⁻¹ and the Re-Os model age was 139.6 ± 3.8 Ma. Uncertainties for both certified reference materials are stated at the 95% level of confidence. Three laboratories (from three countries: PR. China, USA, Sweden) joined in the certification programme. These certified reference materials are primarily useful for Re-Os dating of molybdenite, sulfides, black shale, etc.     

北山地区大口子片麻岩 Ar-Ar 年代学初步研究

对甘肃肃北县境内的大口子片麻状石英闪长岩中的角闪石、黑云母、斜长石进行了 Ar-Ar年龄测定，分别得到角闪石、黑云母、斜长石高温坪年龄 1872.3±14.8Ma、1823.2±13Ma、1748.5±13.5Ma。它们分别代表了同一片麻岩中不同矿物的早期形成时代。角闪石、黑云母、斜长石的中温坪年龄分别为952.7±8.4Ma、862.8±6.2Ma\678.2±4.8Ma，分别代表了同一岩石中不同矿物记录的后期热事件年龄，其表明同一岩石中不同矿物给出的不同年龄值，显示了不同矿物具有不同的40K-40Ar     

硬土-软岩的厘定及其判别分类

结合我国大量工程实践和作者的研究积累,证明在中国岩石和土两种工程类型之间,确实存在着难以"一刀切"的过渡类型(即硬土-软岩),并根据其地质成因和分布规律进行了初步分类.     

THE INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURE AND DISTRIBUTION OF THE BOHAI-YELLOW SEA RIMLAND OF CHINA IN THE 1990S

The Bohai-Yellow Sea Rimland (BYSR) is situated along the coast of theBohai Sea and the Yellow Sea in the northeast of China, covering Liaoning, Hebei, and Shandong provinces, and Tianjin and Beijing municipalities. It has a land area of 491,000 square kilometers, 5.1 percent of the country's total, and a population of 196 million, 17.9 percent of the total. Theregion is not only the political and cultural center, but also the most important economic center in North China. This paper analyses current status and major problems of industrial structure and distribution of BYSR. According to the national plan, the main goal in the coming decade is: by constantly improving economic structure, economic quality and efficiency, to double the gross national product(GNP), and to raise living standards to a satisfactory level. To realize this goal, agriculture, energy, transportation, some important raw material of industries, and infrastructure should be strengthened, and the engineering industry be improved to c     

一种可能的非稳态流变的超糜棱岩

辽宁省四道沟金矿床的黑色超糜棱岩为丹东韧性剪切带早期强烈活动的产物,它相当于前人划分的所谓“含石墨绢云石英片岩”、“石墨片岩”类。这类岩石发育了特征的黑色滑面构造。研究表明,黑色滑面的物质构成并非石墨,而是一些以绢云母成分为基础的黑色极细粒似玻璃物质,它们的形成可能反映了岩石快速滑动变形的结果。因此,这类超糜棱岩的流变学性质不是典型的稳态流变,面属于非稳态流变。黑色超糜棱岩本身即可能为一种非稳态流变的超糜棱岩。     

Developmental characteristics of aeolian dunes and environmental changes in the adjoining region of Puruogangri ice sheet, North Tibetan Plateau

A large area of moraine sediments and cryogenic weathering products, formed by glacial action and a cold environment, are the main source of aeolian sand in the high and cold region of the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau in China. The evolution of aeolian dunes is closely related to the periglacial environment. Owing to the freezing of dune-land surfaces, the evolution of sand dunes is dominated by expanding dune bases and vertical accretion, thereby forming large barchan dunes. The migration rates of these large barchan dunes are very slow at an average rate of 1.7–0.7 cm·a^–1. The temperature mainly controls the environmental changes in the adjoining region of Puruogangri ice sheet. The ¹⁴C dating of humus layers in the studied area of the sand dune are 10,780±130, 9,549±130, 8,320±110, 7,450±100, 5,970±95, 5,330±90, 4,420±80, 3,460±80, 2,280±70, 980±70 aBP, respectively. The regions high temperature rising up during summer from the southwest monsoon intensity might be an important factor. As long as both water and temperature conditions are suitable, the plants will grow well, sand dunes will be stabilized, forming humus layers. Otherwise, sand dunes are bare and re-activate.     

用地震波频谱计算Q值的新方法

在研究用频谱比率法计算Ｑ值局限性的基础上，提出了基于地震波频谱计算Ｑ值的新方法。利用相邻两个反射信号频谱的主频及其斜率，或对第二个反射信号的频谱进行Ｑ扫描补偿，使该频谱与第一个反射信号频谱间的相似系数最大或两者主频相同的方法计算Ｑ值。这些方法克服了频谱比率法的不稳定性。     

敦煌莫高窟古代生土建筑物风蚀机理与防护对策的研究*

利用低温冻融实验和风洞模拟实验研究古代生土建筑的风蚀机理,结果表明:挟沙风风蚀速率明显大于净风的风蚀速率,其风蚀率是净风的130倍,冻融是风蚀速率增大的一个重要因素,偏西风的降水和风蚀是造成莫高窟古代生土建筑风蚀毁坏的方要原因.实验表明,采取5%LS和10%PS防护材料是防止风蚀的一条重要途径.     

大气中水汽输送的气候学计算、分析方法的一个注释

关于水汽输送的计算,最早人们以平均风速和空气柱中的平均水汽含量的乘积作为水汽通量。后来,随着探空和测风资料的增多,开始采用先分层计算,尔后对高度积分的方法确定所讨论层次中的水汽输送。1954年,Starr又进一步将水汽通量分解为不同环流机制输送的各项,提出了平均输送与涡动输送的概念,并一直沿用至今。但是,我们在最近的工作中感到,涡动输送的含义比较复杂,如何理解它的物理内容,估计它的量级,并在此基础上确定水汽输送的合理的计算方案,仍有进一步探讨的必要。     

西太平洋热带海域西风爆发过程湍流通量输送的某些特征

本文根据中、美、日、澳、法等近20个国家在热带海洋全球大气海气耦合响应试验强化期（1992年11月～1993年2月）定点、连续观测获得大气和海洋资料，使用考虑风速和大气层结影响的整体输送动力学公式，计算动量、感热和潜热等的湍流通量。结果表明，西风爆发过程与其他天气过程相比，无论是大气向海洋输送的动量通量，还是海洋向大气输送的感热通量和潜热通量，其值都是最大的。文中还讨论了整体输送公式中的曳力系数、感热交换系数和潜热交换系数更准确的计算方法。