山东数字地震台站场地响应估算

为了建立山东省数字地震台站场地响应数据库,选取山东区域数字地震台网自2009年4月至2012年1月记录的ML≥2.5地震事件,通过信噪比方法挑选出质量较高的86次地震,采用互相衔接的三段几何衰减模型,基于遗传算法,利用Moya等方法对山东省36个地震台站进行场地响应测算.其中35个台站未显示明显的放大作用,聊城台场地响应变化起伏较大,高频部分放大明显,烟台、招远、即墨、五连、菏泽台场地响应总体表现出一定衰减作用.     

江苏省产业结构调整对经济增长贡献的空间分析

运用平均数指数分析法,利用江苏省各市2000—2011年的相关经济数据,分析产业结构调整、劳动生产率提高和从业人员增加与经济增长的关系,得出江苏省各市产业结构变化对经济增长的贡献程度及其空间差异。结果表明:产业结构调整对经济增长的贡献率空间分异现象明显;产业结构调整对经济增长的贡献率和当地的经济发展速度在2000—2011年间没有明显的相关性;促进城市经济快速发展,不能盲目依靠产业结构调整。最后,对各地级市的经济发展提出了具体建议。     

东南极格罗夫山：普里兹造山带中一个典型的泛非期变质地体

提要：距我国中山站以南约400 km的格罗夫山是普里兹造山带向南极内陆的延伸部分,其基底地体由约在920?910 Ma期间侵入的镁铁质－长英质火成岩和少量中元古代的沉积岩构成,这些岩石仅在泛非期（约570?500 Ma）经历了单相变质－构造旋回,因此是一个典型的泛非期变质地体。泛非期高峰变质作用并不象前人所认为的那样仅为中低压麻粒岩相,而是高达770?840?C、1.18?1.40 GPa,并在随后经历了近等温减压（约0.6 GPa）的P-T演化过程。大规模的A型紫苏花岗岩和花岗岩在同造山－后造山阶段侵位,并造成了麻粒岩地体近等压降温的P-T轨迹。这些花岗质岩石是由长期富集地幔的底侵物质（碱性玄武质岩石）经部分溶融而形成的。结合相邻地质体的研究资料,我们认为普里兹造山带可能发育在太古宙－格林维尔期基底地体之上,这些基底地体可能与新元古代（？）盖层卷入到了统一的泛非期造山作用过程。在泛非期造山作用过程中,地壳曾被增厚约达40?50 km,而后又经历了厚约20 km的地壳伸展垮塌和剥蚀。所以,普里兹造山带应代表东冈瓦纳陆块内部由板块缝合作用所形成的一条泛非期碰撞造山带。     

Detecting arbitrarily shaped clusters using ant colony optimization

In the map of geo-referenced population and cases, the detection of the most likely cluster (MLC), which is made up of many connected polygons (e.g., the boundaries of census tracts), may face two difficulties. One is the irregularity of the shape of the cluster and the other is the heterogeneity of the cluster. A heterogeneous cluster is referred to as the cluster containing depression links (a polygon is a depression link if it satisfies two conditions: (1) the ratio between the case number and the population in the polygon is below the average ratio of the whole map; (2) the removal of the polygon will disconnect the cluster). Previous studies have successfully solved the problem of detecting arbitrarily shaped clusters not containing depression links. However, for a heterogeneous cluster, existing methods may generate mistakes, for example, missing some parts of the cluster. In this article, a spatial scanning method based on the ant colony optimization (AntScan) is proposed to improve the detection power. If a polygon can be simplified as a node, the research area consisting of many polygons then can be seen as a graph. So the detection of the MLC can be seen as the search of the best subgraph (with the largest likelihood value) in the graph. The comparison between AntScan, GAScan (the spatial scan method based on the genetic optimization), and SAScan (the spatial scan method based on the simulated annealing optimization) indicates that (1) the performance of GAScan and SAScan is significantly influenced by the parameter of the fraction value (the maximum allowed size of the detected cluster), which can only be estimated by multiple trials, while no such parameter is needed in AntScan; (2) AntScan shows superior power over GAScan and SAScan in detecting heterogeneous clusters. The case study on esophageal cancer in North China demonstrates that the cluster identified by AntScan has the larger likelihood value than that detected by SAScan and covers all high-risk regions of esophageal cancer whereas SAScan misses some high-risk regions (the region in the southwest of Shandong province, eastern China) due to the existence of a depression link.     

塔南凹陷南屯组油藏类型及其分布特征

塔南凹陷南屯组现今的复合箕状断陷结构,是由盆地内部的多个断块、翘倾掀斜分割改造的缓坡—沉积中心—沉降中心—陡坡组成大型断陷盆地后形成的。通过构造、沉积、反演和试油资料的综合分析,发现区内油气藏类型及其展布受沉积过程、同生断层及后期构造的控制,与普通的陆相箕状断陷盆地明显不同。缓坡一侧的翘倾掀斜部位主要为三角洲前缘储集砂体,发育断层分割或遮挡的构造-岩性油气藏;沉积中心的储集砂体主要为远岸扇和三角洲前缘成因,多发育透镜状岩性油气藏和构造-岩性油气藏;在沉积和沉降中心之间的翘倾掀斜部位为远岸扇储集砂体,多发育透镜状岩性油气藏和背斜-岩性油气藏;陡坡一侧的沉降中心主要为近岸水下扇储集砂体,以透镜状岩性油气藏为主,也可见到上倾尖灭岩性油气藏和构造-岩性油气藏。     

辽宁宽甸县砖庙沟硼矿构造与找矿

通过对砖庙沟硼矿区进行研究,对比区域和矿区构造认为东西向构造和北北东向构造具有控矿作用。本次研究工作查明了砖庙沟矿段的矿体分布情况,认识了砖庙沟矿段FⅡ—16断层及其下盘矿体的分布规律。以此为指导,在FⅡ—16逆掩断层下盘找到隐伏硼矿体,扩大了矿山规模,取得良好找矿效果,对延长矿山寿命和寻找硼矿有重要意义。     

内蒙古海拉尔发现陨石坑及科研意义

陨石撞击构造研究是天文地质学研究的热点,但是缺乏典型的研究基地,海拉尔陨石坑的发现,无疑是一个重要补充。海拉尔陨石坑坑区基础岩石为晚侏罗世火山岩,区域自然地理为平缓丘陵山地草原,陨石坑呈封闭圆形,中间筒状突起显示冲击锥地貌,直径320m,坑底到坑缘最大高差10m。为了保护性研究,没有进行进行破坏性取样分析撞击岩石矿物,根据排他比较分析法,认为该坑唯有陨石撞击成因可以解释,并且具有最关键的冲击锥地貌特征。这是一个我国唯一保存完整的可供直观参观的陨石坑,估计该陨石坑年龄应该在100万年以上。     

Seismic damage of earth structures of road engineering in the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake

To understand the mechanism of the earth structure damage, a wide range of investigations along roads in seismic hazard areas have been carried out after the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. In this paper, the results from 41 roads investigated are presented, and the 41 roads are located in 7–11 intensity zones and consist of rural/county roads, province roads and state roads in Sichuan province. According to the investigation, the types of damaged slopes and retaining walls are classified and statistical analyses are performed. In the statistical analyses, various impact factors to seismic slope and retaining wall damage were studied, such as slope inclination, height of slope and retaining wall, site conditions, and seismic intensity. In addition, some relationships were developed, including the quantity of damaged slopes with slope inclination and height, the angle between route and fault rupture directions, and site conditions. Finally, some reasonable suggestions are put forward on the designs and constructions of slopes and retaining walls when they are subject to seismic activity.     

高邮凹陷永安地区戴南组一段储层特征及主控因素

通过岩心、铸体薄片、扫描电镜、物性分析和孔隙图像分析等资料,对高邮凹陷永安地区戴南组一段砂岩储层特征进行了系统分析,从沉积和成岩两方面对储层物性主控因素进行了研究。研究结果表明:岩石类型为长石岩屑砂岩,成分成熟度较低,粒度偏细,分选中等偏差; 储层物性以低孔低渗为主中孔中渗为辅,孔隙类型有粒间孔、粒间溶孔、粒内溶孔和铸模孔,平均孔径为37.53 μm,喉道主要为可变端面的收缩部分,其次为片状和弯片状喉道,平均喉道半径为10.25 μm,孔喉配位数主要为3,分选性好。沉积作用是高邮凹陷永安地区戴南组一段砂岩储层物性主控因素之一,水动力强分选程度高的沉积环境形成的砂岩粒度大分选好,储层物性好; 不同的成岩作用类型对储层物性具有不同的控制作用,压实和胶结作用导致储层孔隙空间变小,物性变差,而溶蚀作用形成次生孔隙空间,储层物性得到改善,在2 500～2 700 m和2 850～2 950 m处形成了明显的次生孔隙发育带。     

Heterogeneous Os isotope compositions in the Kalatongke sulfide deposit, NW China: the role of crustal contamination

Re–Os isotope compositions of mantle-derived magmas are highly sensitive to crustal contamination because the crust and mantle have very different Os isotope compositions. Crustal contamination may trigger S saturation and thus the formation of magmatic Ni–Cu–(PGE) sulfide deposits. The ∼287-Ma Kalatongke norite intrusion of NW China are hosted in carboniferous tuffaceous rocks and contain both disseminated and massive sulfide mineralization. The Re–Os isotope compositions in the intrusion are highly variable. Norite and massive sulfide ores have γ _Os values ranging from +59 to +160 and a Re–Os isochron age of 239 ± 51 Ma, whereas disseminated sulfide ores have γ _Os values from +117 to +198 and a Re–Os isochron age of 349 ± 34 Ma. The variability of Os isotope compositions can be explained as the emplacement of two distinct magma pulses. Massive sulfide ores and barren norite in the intrusion formed from the same magma pulse, whereas the disseminated sulfide ores with more radiogenic Os isotopes formed from another magma pulse which underwent different degrees of crustal contamination. Re–Os isotopes may not be suitable for dating sulfide-bearing intrusions that underwent variable degrees of crustal contamination to form magmatic sulfide deposits.