OLR与南海热带气旋发展的关系

利用OLR资料,对近十多年(1990～2000年)的南海热带气旋的发生、发展与OLR之间的关系进行了分析研究。研究结果表明：南海热带低压能否发展加强成热带风暴与南海区及其附近OLR值的变化有较好的对应关系;OLR低值中心存在于辐合带中热带低压易发展;在双台风状态下,两个低值中心的强弱情况和距离决定热带低压能否发展。通过定义一个南海热带低压的发展指数IOD（Index of Development）来定量描述OLR等值线的梯度变化和南海热带低压发展的关系;当南海热带低压的发展指数IOD≥9时,热带低压易发展成为热带风暴     

Multidecadal variability of the Tonle Sap Lake flood pulse regime

Tonle Sap Lake (TSL) is one of the world's most productive lacustrine ecosystems, driven by the Mekong River's seasonal flood pulse. This flood pulse and its long-term dynamics under the Mekong River basin's (MRB) fast socio-economic development and climate change need to be identified and understood. However, existing studies fall short of sufficient time coverage or concentrate only on changes in water level (WL) that is only one of the critical flood pulse parameters influencing the flood pulse ecosystem productivity. Considering the rapidly changing hydroclimatic conditions in the Mekong basin, it is crucial to systematically analyse the changes in multiple key flood pulse parameters. Here, we aim to do that by using observed WL data for 1960–2019 accompanied with several parameters derived from a Digital Bathymetry Model. Results show significant declines of WL and inundation area from the late 1990s in the dry season and for the whole year, on top of increased subdecadal variability. Decreasing (increasing) probabilities of high (low) inundation area for 2000–2019 have been found, in comparison to the return period of inundation area for 1986–2000 (1960–1986). The mean seasonal cycle of daily WL in dry (wet) season for 2000–2019, compared to that for 1986–2000, has shifted by 10 (5) days. Significant correlations and coherence changes between the WL and large-scale circulations (i.e., El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD)), indicate that the atmospheric circulations could have influenced the flood pulse in different time scales. Also, the changes in discharge at the Mekong mainstream suggest that anthropogenic drivers may have impacted the high water levels in the lake. Overall, our results indicate a declining flood pulse since the late 1990s.     

New speices of Late Mesozoic wood fossils from southeastern Mongolia

Three new species of fossil woods are reported from the Upper Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous in southeastern Mongolia,including Protaxodioxylon mongolense sp. nov. Circoporoxylon mongolense sp. nov. Protocircoporoxylon mongolense sp. nov. The anatomical characters of three new species are described in detail.     

气候变化下中国未来综合环境风险区划研究

综合环境风险区划是变化环境下开展综合防灾减灾工作的基础,对于综合风险防范措施的制定具有指导意义。以农业、生态和人群3个系统为主要受灾体,从作物产量、生态系统变迁、高温热浪对人群的影响3个方面综合评估了4种典型浓度路径（Representative Concentration Pathways）RCP2.6、RCP4.5、RCP6.0和RCP8.5情景下21世纪末期（2071~2099年）的中国综合环境风险,并以RCP8.5情景为例编制了未来综合环境风险区划。结果表明,该时期中国综合环境风险主要出现在黄淮海地区、华南部分地区和青藏高原部分地区。综合环境风险区划共分为6个一级区和43个二级区;一级区分别为西北低风险区、东北生态较低风险区、青藏高原生态中度风险区、晋陕生态-农业中度风险区、华南农业高风险区、黄淮海农业-热浪高风险区。     

Observed near-surface atmospheric moisture content changes affected by irrigation development in Xinjiang,Northwest China

Theoretical and Applied Climatology - The effects of irrigation development on observed near-surface atmospheric moisture changes remain unclear in arid Xinjiang. In this study, cultivated land...     

双重眼壁台风大风降水对比分析

通过利用多普勒雷达图、OLR日平均场、环境场和比湿场等资料对7514(ELSIE)、7908(HOPE)、0313(Dujuan)号台风进行对比诊断分析。结果表明3个双重眼壁台风都有规则和紧凑的螺旋云带，外围的云带范围小、副高强盛、登陆前850hPa西南风没加强等等，都是造成台风风大而且影响范围广，降水量偏少的原因；OLR场分布与降水场分布的同时对应关系很好，OLR低中心最终没移至陆上，因此陆上降水偏少；台风OLR低中心移向陆地的地点与强降水中心基本相符；登陆时台风中心比湿值、等值线的梯度越大、移速的越慢，则降水时间越长、雨强越大。降水越集中。     

辽宁北部秀水地区中侏罗统地层的厘定及其地质意义

通过开展油气基础地质调查,对分布于辽宁北部秀水河子一带的含煤岩系进行了钻孔岩心资料、岩性组合和古生物化石特征的研究。结果表明,该套含煤岩系地层时代为中侏罗世,可以与辽宁西部地区的海房沟组对比。该套地层的厘定为研究区构造演化、油气地质勘探寻找中侏罗统烃源岩层提供了重要的基础地质资料。     

特长公路隧道信号控制逻辑分析

以一条特长公路隧道为例,按照分区控制的思路,研究了其信号设置的方法、防灾控制时的信号逻辑、控制手段及其实施。     

Hydrological monitoring and seasonal forecasting: Progress and perspectives

Hydrological monitoring and seasonal forecasting is an active research field because of its potential applications in hydrological risk assessment, preparedness and mitigation. In recent decades, developments in ground and satellite measurements have made the hydrometeorological information readily available, and advances in information technology have facilitated the data analysis in a real-time manner. New progress in climate research and modeling has enabled the prediction of seasonal climate with reasonable accuracy and increased resolution. These emerging techniques and advances have enabled more timely acquisition of accurate hydrological fluxes and status, and earlier warning of extreme hydrological events such as droughts and floods. This paper gives current state-of-the-art understanding of the uncertainties in hydrological monitoring and forecasting, reviews the efforts and progress in operational hydrological monitoring system assisted by observations from various sources and experimental seasonal hydrological forecasting, and briefly introduces the current monitoring and forecasting practices in China. The grand challenges and perspectives for the near future are also discussed, including acquiring and extracting reliable information for monitoring and forecasting, predicting realistic hydrological fluxes and states in the river basin being significantly altered by human activity, and filling the gap between numerical models and the end user. We highlight the importance of understanding the needs of the operational water management and the priority to transfer research knowledge to decision-makers.