用单台Z／H法研究陕西地区深部电导率

利用陕西地磁台站的磁静日资料和单台Ｚ／Ｈ磁测深法研究了陕西地区深部电导率状况。多年和多台的平均结果为：陕西地区电磁感应比例尺度Ｃｒ１约９００ｋｍ，高于磁场梯度法测定的华北地区结果，但接近单台Ｚ／Ｈ法测定的兰州地区值；Ｃｒ２为５００ｋｍ，和华北地区的结果接近；Ｃｉ－Ｔ曲线高于华北地区值；内外场之比｜Ｑ１｜、｜Ｑ２｜、｜Ｑ３｜约为０．４，和全球平均结果一致；σ＊－ｈ１曲线显示在２５０ｋｍ附近有一高电导层。     

Sedimentary Characteristics of the Cretaceous in the Songliao Basin

The rupture of the lithosphere in Late Jurassic brought about the eruption of basaltic magma in the Songliao Basin. The evolution of the basin in Cretaceous progressed through six stages: pre-rift doming, extensional fracturing, fault subsidence, fault downwarping, downwarping and shringkage, resulting in the deposition of terrstrial facies nearly 10,000 m thick. There are different depositional sequences in these stages: the depositional period of the Early Cretaceous Shahezi and Yincheng Formations is the development stage of the down-faulted basin, forming a volcanic rock-alluvial fan-fan delta-lacustrine (intercalated with episodic turbidites)-swamp facies sequences; the period of the Early Cretaceous Dengluku Formation is the transformation stage of fault subsidence into fault downwarping of the basin, forming a sequence mainly of alluvial plain-lacustrine facies; the depositional period of the Early Cretaceous Quantou Formation-Late Cretaceous Nenjiang Formation is the downwarping stage of the basin, forming an alluvial plain-delta-lacustrine facies sequence; the period of the Late Cretaceous Sifangtai Formation-Mingshui Formation is the shringkage stage of the basin, forming again a sequence mainly of alluvial plain-alluvial fan and small relict lacustrine facies. These vertical depositional sequences fully display the sedimentary characteristics of a failed continental rift basin. Many facts indicate that the two large-scale lake invasions, synchronous with the global rise of sea level, which took place in the downwarping stage of the basin development, led to the connection between the lake and sea.     

赤道地区大气的超长波波动

浅水波方程写在赤道β平面上并根据大气运动的平均状态线性化,得到了线性化方程组的特征方程,解出了它的特征根和特征向量。发现由于东风切变的存在,可以产生自西向东传播的Rossby波。还给出了波数为1和2的一些超长波的图形。     

Rossby similarity and turbulent formulations

The structure of the Planetary Boundary Layer in the stationary case is investigated. The dynamic equations are written in an universal form deduced from Rossby Similarity. Then the system is closed using two semi-empirical formulations for the turbulent fluxes (Prandtl's formulation and the turbulent energy scheme) with a mixing-length chosen to be compatible with Rossby Similarity. For each formulation the system is solved using a new numerical procedure to compute universal profiles of wind and also the Similarity functions A and B in terms of stability. These profiles and functions are then compared to experimental data and good agreement is obtained. Investigating simpler formulations, it appears that good results are obtained with a simple two-layer model, patching a diabatic Ekman spiral with surface-layer profiles. Its formulation is analytical and it can incorporate constant baroclinicity.     

微波遥感大气湿度层结的研究

根据大气噪音谱,用接收1.35cm微波噪音,遥感大气湿度层结。研制了1.35cm微波辐射计(v=22.235 Gc)。用迭代法反演大气湿度层结,在野外实验中与无线电探空仪对比,比湿相差的百分比,均方根偏差在700 mb以下<20％,650 mb以下<29％;大气中水汽总含量的测量,两者相差为3％。为了遥感雨中含水量,研制3cm微波辐射计(v=9.37 Gc)。并测试了大气噪音。     

背风波形成的非线性数值试验及其对降水的影响

众所周知,降水现象是由大、中、小不同尺度的运动造成的。而中,小尺度的降水,往往起着非常重要的作用。引起局地暴雨和阵性降水(包括冰雹)的灾害性天气,都是在适当的大尺度背景下的中小尺度的天气现象。而这种中、小尺度天气现象,又往往与地形有关。例如,背风坡大风及冰雹问题在云贵高原横断山脉,有些地方背风坡的年降水量比迎风坡要多。而冰雹现象又往往多数产生在地形的背风面。在云南、甘肃、河南、河北等都发现有上述情况。要抓灾害性天气预报,要作好降水预报,只报出大尺度的天气形势和降水是远远不够的,还应该把中小尺度的降水预报作好才行。因此根据大形势数值预     

一种次生的片钠铝石

片钠铝石最早见于加拿大蒙特利尔的魁北克,第二次见于澳大利亚图斯凯尼。后来,在美国、坦桑尼亚及意大利等国陆续发现。1966年作者在胜利油田第三系岩芯样品中发现了这种矿物,这是片钠铝石在我国的首次发现。经研究认为,我们发现的片钠铝石与国外报道的有许多不同之处。研究这种矿物,对油气勘探和开发有一定的经济意义。     

气象部门高层次人才队伍发展趋势研究

人才是气象事业高质量发展的基础。气象部门高层次人才是指在气象部门从事专业技术工作,具备优良的素质,良好的职业道德和团队协作精神,有较高业务水平、科研水平,在推进气象事业发展中有较高贡献,起到示范和带动作用的科技型人才。加强气象部门高层次人才队伍建设,是气象事业高质量发展的迫切要求。对气象部门高层次人才发展趋势进行了分析,构建预测模型对未来5年气象部门高层次人才队伍发展进行了预测。     

松嫩盆地地下水水质评价图的编图原则与方法

以我国现行的《地下水质量标准（GB／T14848-93）》为主要依据,结合松嫩盆地地下水化学组分和水质与地方性疾病密切相关的特殊情况,对《地下水质量标准》进行了必要的补充和修订,采用国标推荐的方法与模糊综合评判方法,对整个盆地的地下水质量等级进行了评价,并在此基础上编制了《松嫩盆地地下水水质评价图》,该图由《地下水水质级别分区图》（主图）、《主要开采含水层天然有害组分浓度分布图》和《地下水人为污染有害组分超标范围图》（辅助图）、《水质动态曲线图》三部分组成,该图在内容上突出反映了主要开采含水层的地下水质量状况、不同级别水质和地下水有害组分的时空分布规律。     

Interactive generalization on large-scale topographical map supported by a database platform

This paper makes a study on the interactive digital generalization, where map generalization can be divided into intellective reasoning procedure and operational procedure, which are done by human and computer, respectively. And an interactive map generalization environment for large scale topographic map is then designed and realized. This research focuses on: ① the significance of researching an interactive map generalization environment,② the features of large scale topographic map and interactive map generalization, ③ the construction of map generalization-oriented database platform.