The Unusual Absorption Line Spectrum of Quasar SDSS J2220+0109

We report the Balmer broad absorption lines (BALs) in the quasar SDSS J2220 + 0109 discovered from the SDSS data, and present a detailed analysis of the peculiar absorption line spectrum, including the He I* multiplet at λλ3189, 3889 arising from the metastable 2³s-state helium and the Balmer Hα and Hβ lines from the excited hydrogen H I of n = 2 level, which are rarely seen in quasar spectra, as well as many absorption lines arising from the excited Fe II* of the levels 7 955 cm⁻¹, 13 474 cm⁻¹ and 13 673 cm⁻¹ in the wavelength range 3100∼3300 Å. Ca II H, K absorption line doublets also clearly appear in the SDSS spectrum. All absorption lines show a similar blueshifted velocity structure of Δv ≈ − 1500 ∼ 0 km·s⁻¹ relative to the quasar's systematic redshift determined from the emission lines. Detailed analysis suggests that the Balmer absorption lines should arise from the partially ionized region with a column density of N_HI ≈ 10²¹ cm⁻² for an electron density of ne ∼ 10⁶ cm⁻³; and that the hydrogen n = 2 level may be populated via collisional excitation with Lyα pumping.     

晋陕峡谷北段保德-府谷地区唐县面上冲积物的特征及其地貌意义

晋陕峡谷是研究黄河演化的关键河段之一,许多学者对晋陕峡谷以及黄河的演化进行了研究,但还没有形成统一认识,特别是晋陕峡谷区唐县面上是否存在古黄河沉积物以及唐县面是否属于黄河阶地,学术界尚存在不同见解.本文以晋陕峡谷北段保德-府谷地区唐县期基岩侵蚀面上18个沉积剖面的野外观察为基础,在各露头剖面砾石层及现代黄河中采集21个样品进行砾石特征统计分析,结果表明:保德-府谷地区存在与现代黄河峡谷延伸方向一致的唐县期基岩宽谷,其形成时代至少在8.0Ma之前.唐县期宽谷底部各剖面砾石成分复杂性指数大多高于1.5,平均磨圆度接近2或在2以上,以次圆和圆为主,但磨圆度方差在0.5以上,砾石中远源组分比例大,具有长距离搬运和来源丰富的特征,由此推断该地区在中新世中期已经存在一条规模较大的河流,是现代黄河贯穿之前的一部分,即古黄河.晋陕峡谷的下切使唐县期宽谷高出现代河面约170m,成为该地段黄河的最高一级阶地.该地区红土层中下部的砾石透镜体,砾石成分简单,复杂性指数在1左右,磨圆普遍较差,除个别剖面,平均磨圆度都在1.5以下,以次棱角状为主,且不同砾石磨圆程度相差不大,磨圆度方差在0.32以下,具有近源堆积的特点,应该是来自河谷两侧支流的洪积物.     

贵州夏季暴雨的气候特征

利用贵州52个测站的1961-2006年历年夏季（6-8月）逐日降水资料,分析了贵州夏季暴雨的时空分布特征、周期振荡及其突变特征。结果表明：46 a来贵州夏季暴雨量呈增加趋势,并存在明显的年际、年代际变化特征;暴雨日数和暴雨量在1985年发生突变;暴雨日数和暴雨量均存在15 a和准10 a的周期振荡;暴雨日数和暴雨量EOF分解的第一特征向量的荷载场空间分布基本一致,表明全省呈偏多（少）的一致型同位相分布。     

中国西部地震动衰减关系的适用性分析——以部分新疆地震为例

本文利用新疆地区丰富的烈度等震线资料和1985年乌恰7.1级地震的余震、1997伽师4次6级地震和2005年乌什6.2级地震的加速度记录,对中国西部地震烈度和地震动反应谱衰减关系的适用性进行了分析.结果表明,中国西部地震动衰减关系对新疆地区的适用性较好.其中加速度反应谱的相关系数达到0.94.     

营口-潍坊断裂带的新构造和新构造活动

裂带是郯庐断裂带通过渤海的部分.郯庐断裂带是我国东部一条规模巨大的NNE-NE向构造带,具有长期发育的历史,新近纪以来的新构造活动相当强烈,尤其是位于渤海的营潍断裂带.但因以前渤海石油地质勘探和研究注重古近纪的地层和构造,而有关新近纪以来的地质资料甚少,致使它成为郯庐断裂带新构造和新构造活动研究程序最低的部分.     

A generalized transformation approach for simulating steady-state variably-saturated subsurface flow

A numerical method is proposed to accurately and efficiently compute a direct steady-state solution of the nonlinear Richards equation. In the proposed method, the Kirchhoff integral transformation and a complementary transformation are applied to the governing equation in order to separate the nonlinear hyperbolic characteristic from the linear parabolic part. The separation allows the transformed governing equation to be applied to partially- to fully-saturated systems with arbitrary constitutive relations between primary (pressure head) and secondary variables (relative permeability). The transformed governing equation is then discretized with control volume finite difference/finite element approximations, followed by inverse transformation. The approach is compared to analytical and other numerical approaches for variably-saturated flow in 1-D and 3-D domains. The results clearly demonstrate that the approach is not only more computationally efficient but also more accurate than traditional numerical solutions. The approach is also applied to an example flow problem involving a regional-scale variably-saturated heterogeneous system, where the vadose zone is up to 1 km thick. The performance, stability, and effectiveness of the transform approach is exemplified for this complex heterogeneous example, which is typical of many problems encountered in the field. It is shown that computational performance can be enhanced by several orders of magnitude with the described integral transformation approach.     

Seasonal changes in imposex and tissue burden of butyltin compounds in Thais clavigera populations along the coastal area of Mirs Bay, China

We assessed the current status of tributyltin (TBT) contamination of Thais clavigera (Gastropoda) along the coastal area of Mirs Bay, China for the first time. The snail samples were collected from 10 different sites in the summer (June) and winter (December) of 2006, respectively. They were analyzed for imposex status, i.e. relative penis size index (RPSI) and vas deferens sequence index (VDSI), followed by quantification of butyltins in their tissues. Most of the collected females suffered from imposex, but the level of butyltin contamination varied with the distance from Yantian Port, which is currently the fourth busiest container port in the world. The tissue concentration of TBT varied with season. For a particular site, the winter samples in general contained much higher concentration of TBT than the summer samples. RPSI, VDSI and organotin concentrations were higher in T. clavigera collected from sites closer to the Port, such as the Seafood Street and Kat O. Both RPSI and VDSI were positively correlated with the tissue burden of tributyltin. VDSI exhibited little seasonal variability, whereas RPSI showed marked seasonal variability, with lower values in the summer samples. The current results will serve as an important reference for long-term monitoring of butyltin contamination in this area.