基于海图数据的水下岸坡插值精度分析对比研究

数字高程模型是研究水下岸坡冲淤变化的一种重要手段。不同的插值方法和像元大小都会对数字高程模型的精度产生影响,从而导致冲淤分析结果的变化。本研究使用了六种常用的插值方法 (ANUDEM、反距离函数法、克里金法、自然邻域法、样条函数法、不规则三角网转栅格法)对莱州湾和烟台港不同年份和尺度的水深数据进行了插值,计算了均方根预测误差、源数据残差均方根误差、残差均值、残差最大值和残差最小值等精度计算指标。结果表明ANUDEM和自然邻域法的均方根预测误差和源数据残差均方根误差均小于1 m。ANUDEM和自然邻域法对不同尺度的水下岸坡数据插值有着较好的适用性。     

关于上海海洋防灾减灾体系建设的思考

上海地理位置独特,濒江临海,易受风暴潮、海浪、咸潮、赤潮和海啸等海洋灾害的威胁。全面做好上海海洋防灾减灾工作,对于保障沿海人民生命财产安全、经济社会发展和城市安全运行具有重要意义。为完善上海海洋防灾减灾体系,提升沿海防灾减灾能力,文章结合上海海洋防灾减灾工作实际,从健全海洋防灾减灾工作体制机制、建立健全“市-区-街（镇）”三级预案体系、提升海洋观测监测和预警预报能力、提高海洋灾害综合应对能力以及强化海洋防灾减灾队伍建设5个方面提出对策建议。     

仿蝠鲼柔性潜水器翼型流场性能分析

因为蝠鲼在运动时具有低噪声,机动性能好等优点,以蝠鲼作为仿生对象,结合动态网格技术, 通过对仿生蝠鲼的外形轮廓中某一截面进行流体动力分析,研究该截面轮廓在大变形情况下,不同频率、不同波长对周围流场特性的影响。仿真计算结果表明,在波长一定时,随着频率的升高,升力系数波动幅度变大,推力增大。在频率一定时,随着波长的增加,升力系数波动幅度变大,推力也增大。     

Penetration Depth of Torpedo Anchor in Two-Layered Cohesive Soil Bed by Free Fall

The penetration depth of torpedo anchor in two-layered soil bed was experimentally investigated. A total of 177 experimental data were obtained in laboratory by varying the undrained shear strength of the two-layered soil and the thickness of the top soil layer. The geometric parameters of the anchor and the soil properties (the liquid limit, plastic limit, specific gravity, undrained shear strength, density, and water content) were measured. Based on the energy analysis and present test data, an empirical formula to predict the penetration depth of torpedo anchor in two-layered soil bed was proposed. The proposed formula was extensively validated by laboratory and field data of previous researchers. The results were in good agreement with those obtained for two-layered and single-layered soil bed. Finally, a sensitivity analysis on the parameters in the formula was performed.     

环渤海湾海洋资源环境承载力定量研究

环渤海湾地区经济发展迅速但开发利用过度,生态问题突出。本文以社会环境学理论、系统论、可持续发展理论等为基础,建立了环渤海湾海洋资源环境承载力评价指标体系,利用单项评价法,以地级市为基本单位对环渤海湾地区的海洋资源环境承载力进行评价。结果表明滨州市的海洋资源环境承载力较好,其次为唐山市和天津市,沧州市的海洋资源环境承载力较弱。     

Radio variability of the blazar S5 0716+714: a ∼6.1 year quasi-periodicity

We report a ～6.1 yr quasi-periodicity for the blazar S5 0716+714 using the radio light curves at 4.8, 8 and 14.5 GHz observed by the University of Michigan Radio Astronomical Observatory (UMRAO) from 1981 to 2012, by means of the Jurkevich, discrete correlation function (DCF) and power spectral analysis techniques. There are a general correlation among light curves at different frequencies and a time lag of \(170\pm 10\) days between 4.8 and 14.5 GHz light curves can be confirmed. We also estimate the orbit parameters assuming a binary black hole system, and the magnetic field strength under the jet comoving frame.     

南方典型溶蚀丘陵系统现代岩溶作用强度研究

我国典型溶蚀丘陵系统分布于湖南中西部雪峰山地区的新化 -涟源县一带。主要宏观岩溶地貌类型有丛丘谷地、峰丘谷地、峰丛洼 (谷 )地、丘岭谷地。它们之间岩溶发育程度、形态组合特征差异明显。本文在论述不同地貌系统岩溶水水化学特征及其溶蚀能力的基础上 ,用水化学平衡法对不同地貌区的溶蚀速度进行了计算 ,并分析了现代岩溶作用强度趋异的原因。溶蚀丘陵区平均溶蚀速度为 2 5 .19m3·km- 2 ·a- 1 ,决定了该区宏观地貌以半岩溶形态为主导特征。     

雷诺数对圆形渐缩喷嘴湍流射流的影响

The present study systematically investigates by experiment the influence of Reynolds number (Re) on a turbulent jet issuing from a smoothly-contracting round nozzle. Measurements were performed for seven Reynolds numbers varying from Re = 4,050 to Re = 20,100 using single hot-wire anemometry and over an axial distance of 30 nozzle exit diameters. Although all the exit velocity profiles are of "top-hat" shape, these measurements reveal significant dependence on Re of the exit and downstream flows. The effect of Re on both the mean and turbulent fields is substantial for Re ＜ 10,000 and becomes weak beyond Re = 10,000. The length of the jet’s potential core and the far-field rates of decay and spread all depend significantly on Re.     

ZnO压敏陶瓷冲击老化的电子陷阱过程研究

使用8/20 μs脉冲电流发生器对普通商用ZnO陶瓷压敏电阻片进行了最多5000次的冲击试验.测量了冲击前后试样的电气性能和介电特性,分析了冲击后小电流区的U-I特性和损耗角正切值tanδ随脉冲大电流的不断作用而发生的变化.实验发现压敏电压U1mA随冲击次数的增加经历增大—稳定—减小三个过程.认为正反偏Schottky势垒的中性费米能级的变化是影响样品小电流区的最根本原因.本文提出用试样的非线性系数α作为老化特征参数比传统的U     

丝阵Z箍缩早期消融等离子体动力学的二维数值模拟研究

采用理想磁流体力学模型,给出合理的二维(r, θ)质量注入边界条件,对丝阵Z箍缩早期消融等离子体的动力学过程进行了二维(r, θ)数值模拟研究,得到消融等离子体各参量以及磁场的二维时空分布.模拟结果表明,消融等离子体的运动包括四个主要阶段:首先向轴漂移,然后在轴线处滞止并形成先驱等离子体柱,随后先驱等离子体柱被压缩,最后缓慢膨胀.计算了不同丝阵半径和丝间距情况下消融等离子体到轴速度以及消融质量占丝阵总质量的份额,它们的变化规律与实验结果基本符合.通过