Parallels plane projection and its geometric features

A new equivalent map projection called the parallels plane projection is proposed in this paper. The transverse axis of the parallels plane projection is the expansion of the equator and its vertical axis equals half the length of the central meridian. On the parallels plane projection, meridians are projected as sine curves and parallels are a series of straight, parallel lines. No distortion of length occurs along the central meridian or on any parallels of this projection. Angular distortion and the proportion of length along meridians (except the central meridian) introduced by the projection transformation increase with increasing longitude and latitude. A potential application of the parallels plane projection is that it can provide an efficient projection transformation for global discrete grid systems.

     

南极洛多姆冰帽BJ钻孔粒雪层的热学性质及其温度分布

根据详细的密度资料,对洛多姆冰帽BJ钻孔粒雪层的热学性质进行了讨论。应用非均匀介质热传导方程描述活动层温度分布。通过两种简化的层状结构和竖向运动模型给出了解析解。计算和实测温度差异的分析表明边界条件的选取非常重要。     

A study on element-stratigraphy of Okinawa Trough

Regular distribution patterns of elements Ca, Sr, K, Na, Mg, Fe, Mn, Ti, Cu, Co, Ni, Zn, Pb, Cr, Rb, Ba, Cd, and U in Late Quaternary strata have been studied in detail. The regional variation patterns of elements in these strata are similar to those in recent surface sediments, showing that the sedimentary environment has been relatively stable since Late Quaternary. Element distribution changes with the variations of lithological characters. Contents of Ca and Sr increase in coarse sediments, while those of other elements decrease. Na content increases in the pumice layer. Mn, content tends to increase sharply towards the surface layer. Ca content decreases sharply in strata where water depth is more than 2,000 m. The strata can be divided based on the distribution curves of element assemblages. The variations in contents of most elements in Holocene Series are smaller than those in Late Pleistocene Series, which might be related to the factors of glacial and interglacial changes, sea level fluctuations and material source differences. Contribution No. 1488 from Institute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica     

1984年2月14日大角星色球活动的CaⅡ H,K线观测

我们用云台一米望远镜Coudé摄谱仪得到大量的大角星(αBoo)的高分辨率光谱,从中找到1984年2月14日一组随时间变化的CallH,K线光谱。经对比分析,我们认为这可能是一次大角星的色球爆发,其特征如下:在连续观测近四小时中获得5张光谱片,可看出CallH,K线轮廓的变化。它们变化的顺序是:开始出现轮廓的不对称一轮廓仍然不对称并伴随着峰值发射增强一轮廓恢复到对称状况;K_2线中K_(2V)与K_(2r)最大不对称为20％。发射极大时K_(2S2)峰值增强20％左右。K_(1r)和K_(1V)的变化也明显。特别是K_3线在K_2线峰值增强时出现吸收线反转出发射线核。     

THE HYDROLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND WATER BUDGET OF QINGHAI LAKE DRAINAGE BASIN

The rapid shrinkage of the surface area reflects the long-term deficit water budget of Qinghai Lake. Study of the yearly hydrology and meteorology in the lake catchment basin and the hydrologic factors as well as water budget led to the conclusion that evaporation exceeding the water input resulted in the drop of lake level, thai the obvious decrease of runoff to the lake and precipitation on the catchment accelerated the falling of lake level before 1987. and that increase of about 6.7% in rainfall on the whole basin will balance the lake's water budget.     

太阳活动预报中的模糊识别综合指数

在太阳活动预报中,预报因子的选取和处理对预报效果影响甚大。本文在云台原有的平均综合指数基础上,运用模糊识别方法,给出了一种模糊识别综合指数,它能更好地表征太阳日面活动区的活动特征。这种方法简单、方便,较充分地利用了预报因子中所含有的有用信息,从而使识别预报率有所提高。     

红水河—黔江—浔江流域气候分析

本文采用流域内气象站资料,以正交函数展开方法,分析了流域气候背景场的基本结构及共季节变化特征,并根据1985—1988年间在流域内若干河段的小气候考察资料,探讨河流对局地小气候要素的影响。本文给出的河陆风环流平衡气球探测结果,表明了河陆风环流结构的某些特征。     

混沌与预报期限

混沌理论的提出是自然科学的重大进展,它与自然灾害的预报密切相关。在气象学方面,人们已初步对混沌影响预报的问题作了讨论,其结论是: (1) 影响是有时间期限的,超过这个期限影响才重要,不超过则不重要,这个期限称     

Gas formation mechanism of marine carbonate source rocks in China

It has been proven in exploration practice that thecarbonates in China not only can generate hydrocar-bons, but also form commercial reservoirs. The car-bonates are different from clastic rocks in view of theirdeposition environment as well as their sedimentaryand diagenetic processes. Therefore, the evaluationcriteria and hydrocarbon generation mechanism forcarbonates can not be the same as that for clasticrocks, and it is important to establish a special hydro-carbon generation mechanism and…