InSAR时序分析高相干目标选取方法比较研究

合成孔径雷达干涉测量（Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar,InSAR）时序分析技术,利用时域上多幅SAR图像选择时间基线、空间基线满足一定条件的干涉对进行干涉,通过建立干涉相位形变模型获取地表形变信息。InSAR时序分析技术改善了差分干涉测量中时空失相干、大气延迟等问题,广泛应用于有关形变监测的多个领域,并逐渐成为获取长期地表形变趋势的重要手段。在InSAR时序分析中,针对不同应用选取合适的高相干目标选取方法,获得可靠的高相干目标,是获取精确可靠的地表形变信息的基础。本文通过分析永久散射体（Permanent Scatterers,PS）、分布式散射体（Distributed Scatterers,DS）选取方法的理论模型及其算法,研究其适用地物目标类型的异同,并分析、归纳总结了幅度相关法、相位分析法、信号杂波比法、相干性统计法等不同的高相干目标选取方法的优缺点。最后,以阿尔金断裂带西段部分区域为研究区,分别采用具有代表性的PS、DS选取方法开展该研究区域的选点实验,结果表明该研究区域DS选取方法比PS选取方法适用。本文方法为解决在不同地理区域进行应用研究时选取合适的选点方法提供参考。     

古尔班通古特沙漠南缘苔藓结皮中可培养真菌的多样性

为了解古尔班通古特沙漠南缘苔藓结皮中可培养真菌的多样性,运用稀释平板法和基于ITS-rDNA基因序列的系统发育分析,将得到的基因序列与NCBI数据库GenBank中的序列进行相似性比较并构建系统发育树。结果显示,从古尔班通古特沙漠南缘苔藓结皮中共分离得到24株菌落形态各异的真菌,分属于11属21种,绝大多数属于子囊菌亚门和半知菌亚门。其中,青霉属（Penicillium）和链格孢属（Alternaria）为优势菌群,茎点霉属（Phoma）、曲霉菌属（Aspergillus）、镰刀孢菌属（Fusarium）为常见属;有些种类的真菌具有耐热及特殊产酶活性。     

中国亚热带北界及其过渡带

本文根据亚热带热量指标构造了热量综合指数表达式,确定亚热带北界的具体位置、宽度和特征,分析过渡带内气候变量在时间上和空间上的内在联系。     

苏门答腊地震百年排名第四

美国地质勘探局测定2004年12月26日在印度尼西亚苏门答腊岛北端海岸几公里处发生的大地震为9．0级，这个震级在1900年以来世界发生的大型地震中排名并列第四。     

The simulation of surface flow dynamics using a flow-path network model

This paper proposes a flow-path network (FPN) model to simulate complex surface flow based on a drainage-constrained triangulated irregular network (TIN). The TIN was constructed using critical points and drainage lines extracted from a digital terrain surface. Runoff generated on the surface was simplified as ‘water volumes’ at constrained random points that were then used as the starting points of flow paths (i.e. flow source points). The flow-path for each ‘water volume’ was constructed by tracing the direction of flow from the flow source point over the TIN surface to the stream system and then to the outlet of the watershed. The FPN was represented by a set of topologically defined one-dimensional line segments and nodes. Hydrologic variables, such as flow velocity and volume, were computed and integrated into the FPN to support dynamic surface flow simulation. A hypothetical rainfall event simulation on a hilly landscape showed that the FPN model was able to simulate the dynamics of surface flow over time. A real-world catchment test demonstrated that flow rates predicted by the FPN model agreed well with field observations. Overall, the FPN model proposed in this study provides a vector-based modeling framework for simulating surface flow dynamics. Further studies are required to enhance the simulations of individual hydrologic processes such as flow generation and overland and channel flows, which were much simplified in this study.     

畸形波作用下半潜浮式风机系泊失效停机响应分析

半潜浮式风机逐渐在深海风电开发中受到关注,建立风机、平台与系泊结构耦合数值计算模型,通过FAST与AQWA链接进行风机塔基荷载及平台运动响应相互耦合传递,基于随机波与极限波组合模型生成畸形波时程序列,进行半潜浮式风机系泊失效全过程时域模拟计算分析,得出系泊锚链张力、风机、塔筒和平台运动时程响应,探究系泊失效、风机停机和叶片变桨速率对浮式风机平台系泊结构动力响应的影响。结果表明：畸形波作用下浮式平台和系泊结构动力响应显著,系泊失效导致塔基剪力增加,平台纵荡和纵摇运动响应显著增大;风机停机会引起系泊锚链张力显著减小,转子推力、塔基剪力和叶尖挥舞位移响应逐渐衰减,平台纵荡、纵摇和横摇运动响应显著减小;随着叶片变桨速率增加,风机转子推力和塔基剪力波动幅值增大。     

Stable isotope geochemical characteristics of dissolved inorganic carbon in the Jiulong River Estuary,Fujian Province,China

The isotopic composition of dissolved inorganic carbon （DIC） in estuarine environments has been studied for its significant role in determining the isotopic composition of inorganic/organic matter and its applications to the study of various natural processes. In this paper, based on the stable isotope geochemical characteristics of dis- solved inorganic carbon in the Jiulong River Estuary, the following conclusions are drawn： （1） δ13CDIC values are mainly controlled by the mixing ratio of fresh water and sea water; （2）δ13Cphytoplankton values are linearly related to the δ13CDIC values; （3） δ13CpoM values for the Jiulong River Estuary are affected by anthropogenic pollution signifi- cantly; and （4） the comprehensive analysis of δ13Cphytoplankton, δ13CpoM and δ13CDIc shows that along with increasing salinity, the proportion of POM derived from the degradation of phytoplanktons gradually increases.     

关于山西省工程地质环境3F问题链的探讨

脆弱的地质环境(Fragile geological environment)加上大量的工程活动(Fulsome engineering activities)造成了山西省地质灾害与地质环境破坏事件频发(Frequent geological disasters)(简称3F问题链)。脆弱的地质环境表现在:地处黄土高原东部-千沟万壑的地貌形态、吕梁(山)太行(山)夹五盆的多山地形地貌格局、汾河地堑贯穿山西中部和新构造活动活跃、黄土红土软土盐渍土等特殊性土均有分布、植被稀少水土流失严重等。人类工程活动过度:山区城镇建设、工程开发和矿业活动具有密度大、强度高等特点,对地质环境的改造作用十分强烈。各种工程诱发或矿区地质灾害具有成链成族的关联性特征、地质环境破坏形式多样化趋势明显。在分析3F问题链的基础上,探讨了科学解决该类问题应具有系统观和全局观、需要解决的理论问题和整体思路; 深刻认识和深入研究3F问题链也是解决山西省地质灾害与地质环境问题的根本途径。     

Elastic reverse time migration based on vector wavefield decomposition

Prestack elastic reverse time migration ( RTM) requires multicomponent seismic data .But for multi-component elastic Kirchhoff migration , there is a limitation that ray theory no longer applies if thegeology be-comes complicated .In this paper, the authors have created a new 2D migration context for isotropic , elastic RTM, which included decomposition of the elastic source and receiver wavefields into P and S wave vectors by decoupled elastodynamic extrapolation , which retained the same stress and particle velocity components as the input data .Then we appliedsource-normalized crosscorrelation imaging condition in elastic reverse time migra-tion to compensate the energy of deep strata .We found that the resulting images were nearly identical to the ve-locity model , and the resolution has been improved .Our method is a wavefielddecomposition based on vector , and we can alsoavoid the problem of polarity reversal of converted shear wave imaging .It proved the applicabili-ty of the method proposed in our paper .