铅同位素在矿产资源评价中的应用——以甘肃省鹰嘴山金矿区为例

文章在铅同位素示踪的有关理论和隐伏矿预测方法的基础上,以甘肃省鹰嘴山金矿区为例,提出了利用铅同位素进行隐伏矿深度、形态与资源量预测的方法.在鹰嘴山金矿区共采样122个,分析结果显示:①地表铅同位素勘探线剖面的V1与V2值在矿体及其相邻蚀变带均出现了明显的负异常,并接近区域地壳平均值,且显示出一个明显的变化规律,即自东至西,矿体的V1与V2值存在着从高到低的规律变化.②V2平均值从122线的43.57(蚀变带上)到46线下降至35.67,标志着矿体的揭示深度从东到西存在着由浅至深的变化规律.从116线到90线,矿体V2平均值从40呈线性下降至36.62,表明116线以东进入隐伏区,90～116线达到矿体出露的中上部,而80线以西出露的矿脉已代表了矿体的下部,并趋向于尾部.③从46线向东到116线,地表可见矿体向下的延深变大,从200 m增大到1 049 m,说明矿体整体西高东低,向东侧伏(隐伏).④矿区总平均隐伏系数Rs为3.68,46线至116线,矿体的预测资源量为42.5 t,表明鹰嘴山金矿床应为大型-特大型金矿床.     

湖北宜昌磷矿新工业磷矿层(Ph12)的特征及其地质意义

在宜昌磷矿杉树垭磷矿区新一轮地质勘探工作中,在原主要工业矿层之下新发现了一工业磷矿层,命名为中磷层一矿层(Ph12).Ph12矿层受NW向古构造控制,其厚度、品位的变化具有明显的分区性和方向性,即呈NW-SE向展布,从杉树垭矿区东部矿段向北,其厚度、品位均呈增加趋势.新工业磷矿层的发现不仅具有巨大的经济价值,而且对宜昌磷矿北部地区找矿具有重要意义.     

Distribution of the Ordovician Fluid in the Tahe Oilfield and Dynamic Response of Cave System S48 to Exploitation

The Tahe Oilfield is a complex petroleum reservoir of Ordovician carbonate formation and made up of spatially overlapping fracture-cavity units. The oilfield is controlled by a cave system resulting from structure-karst cyclic sedimentation. Due to significant heterogeneity of the reservoir, the distribution of oil and water is complicated. Horizontally, a fresh water zone due to meteoric water can be found in the north part of the Akekule uplift. A marginal freshening zone caused by water released from mudstone compaction is found at the bottom of the southern slope. Located in a crossformational flow discharge zone caused by centripetal and the centrifugal flows, the main part of the Tahe Oilfield, featuring high salinity and concentrations of CI^- and K^＋＋Na^＋, is favorable for accumulation of hydrocarbon. Three types of formation water in the Tahe Ordovician reservoir are identified： （1） residual water at the bottom of the cave after oil and gas displacement, （2） residual water in fractures/pores around the cave after oil and gas displacement, and （3） interlayer water below reservoirs. The cave system is the main reservoir space, which consists of the main cave, branch caves and depressions between caves. Taking Cave System S48 in the Ordovician reservoir as an example, the paper analyzes the fluid distribution and exploitation performance in the cave system. Owing to evaporation of groundwater during cross-formational flow, the central part of the main cave, where oil layers are thick and there is a high degree of displacement, is characterized by high salinity and Br^- concentration. With high potential and a long stable production period, most wells in the central part of the main cave have a long water-free oil production period. Even after water breakthrough, the water content has a slow or stepwise increase and the hydrochemistral characteristics of the produced water in the central part of the main cave are uniform. From the center to the edge of the main cave, displacement and enri     

中国春运人口省际流动的时空与结构特征

本文通过构建人口省际流动的关系矩阵,透视2015年中国春节期间人口省际流动的动态过程、网络特征,并对各省人口流入、流出的规模差异进行测度。研究结论如下：①春节前后中国各省每日人口净流入人次存在显著的规律性特征,2月13-17日和2月25日-3月1日为各省节前返乡流和节后返工流期间人口净流入、流出峰值时段,可作为基于春运研究中国人口省际流动的重要依据;②识别了14个人口净流入省、17个人口净流出省,净流入位序前六省和后八省分别吸纳和提供了全国9成人口的集聚与扩散。人口主要流入省的沿海绵延和主要流出省的中部“人口塌陷”共同构成了双纵格局;③各省流出首位流的指向特征显著,南方人口流出省的流出指向存在共性,京津、长三角、珠三角地区的人口集聚路径存在差异。④移动数据为发掘人口流动过程中蕴含的丰富信息提供了平台,基于节后、节前净流入值差值的方法可以有效识别中国人口流动的规模差异、属性特征。通过与以往研究对比,证实了移动数据与基于人口普查数据研究的诸多结论相似性。     

北京西北活动构造定量资料与未来强震地点的讨论

通过阐述北京西北的活动构造定量数据及其精度，用确定性方法、概率方法和综合评分方法，通过排队，比较出北京西北及邻近地区未来强震可能发生的地点，讨论预测结果中存在的一些问题．结果显示，未来强震最危险的断裂段为:阳原盆地南缘断裂B段和A段、延矾盆地的燕水段、宣化盆地南缘断裂、怀安镇南缘断裂东段和阳高——天镇北缘断裂东段等段落．亦即阳原-深井盆地为最危险区；天镇-怀安镇-宣化盆地为次危险区；万全-张家口和蔚县东北-矾山西南为更次危险区．      

青藏高原东缘礼县-罗家堡断裂带晚更新世以来的活动性分析

礼县 -罗家堡断裂带晚更新世以来有过明显活动。在礼县—罗家堡段和天水镇—街子口段直接错断全新世地层。断裂沿线地表陡坎发育 ,水系被左旋位错。结合沿该断裂带广泛分布的地震滑坡、砂土液化等 ,认为礼县 -罗家堡断裂带是 1654年天水南 8级地震的发震构造。该断裂晚更新世以来的平均水平位错速率为 0 95mm/a ,平均垂直位移速率为 0 35mm/a ,垂直位移速率约为水平位移速率的 1/ 3。这个比值与一次断裂突发性垂直位错量 ( 1 9m)与水平位错量 ( 5 2m)的比值基本吻合     

吸附法盐湖卤水提锂工艺试验

用二氧化锰做吸附剂，进行了吸附法盐湖卤水提锂工艺试验，取得了全流程工艺操作条件和技术数据，可做为更大规模试验设计和操作依据。     

日本的活动断层和火山——访日考察报告

本文简述日本的地质构造、火山、地震活动的轮廓和特点;重点报导作者在日本现场考察活动断层和火山的结果;对日本在地学领域研究的特点、经验及趋向进行了概括相评述。     

Hydrodynamic processes and depositional styles of glacier-associated deposits in the Moxi basin,Southwest China

This study aims to understand the particle size distribution and depositional styles of glacier-associated deposits in the Moxi basin in southwest China. Based on field surveys, 28 samples from glacier-associated deposits (including glacial till, fluvioglacial, debris flow, river and lake deposits) were collected and tested in the laboratory. The results showed that the glacier-associated deposits can be differentiated based on particle gradation, particle size distribution and accumulated percentages. We evaluated the evolution of a former dammed lake in the Moxi basin based on glacier-associated deposits. The results of this study also indicated that the Moxi Platform was not formed by a single depositional process but is composed of both fluvioglacial and debris flow deposits. This research shows that the depositional style analysis is useful in identifying different glacier-associated deposits in high mountain regions. Moreover, the evaluation of the differences in particle sizes of the glacierassociated deposits is useful in reconstructing geohazard events in periglacial regions, and this information can help in identifying and reducing the potential risks associated with geo-hazards.