Geographical differences and influencing factors of rural energy consumption in Southwest mountain areas in China: A case study of Zhaotong City

China is a mountainous country,and Southwest mountain areas cover the most mountain areas in China and have the most serious problems.Taking Zhaotong city as the study area,based on 902 rural household questionnaires of 11 villages in 2 counties and Tobit model,this paper analyzes the geographical differences and influencing factors of energy consumption for non-production purposes of rural households living in different terrain conditions.This research finds that:(1) Coal takes up the main part of energy consumption in valley areas and coal consumption is mainly affected by per capita cultivated land area,household income,proportion of rural household energy expenditure in total expenditure,coal price,and family population size.Firewood takes up the main part of energy consumption in high mountain areas and firewood consumption is mainly affected by per capita firewood forest area,distance to purchase coal,household income,electricity price,and coal price.(2) Only when the distance is greater than 20 kilometers,that is the average distance of rural households living in middle mountain areas(1,600m~1,800m) to purchase coal,the transportation condition has a significant impact on coal consumption.(3) In high mountain areas,prices of coal and electricity are the main factors influencing energy consumption choice of rural households.Too high prices of coal and electricity would to some extent lead rural households to choose firewood as the main energy consumption type.Compared to coal,rural households prefer to choose electricity.     

四川省小麦条锈病春季流行的农业气候风险区划

针对当前从气象风险角度开展小麦条锈病与气象关系研究甚少的状况,从农业气象灾害风险分析理论出发,采用相关分析、层次分析和极差正规化等方法,建立了包含气候条件和寄主存在数量两个环境因子的四川省小麦条锈病春季流行农业气候风险模型,并划分了高、中、低风险等级的指标.在此基础上,利用GIS技术对四川省小麦条锈病春季流行的农业气候风险进行了区划.结果表明,四川省的川西高原地区、川西南山地和盆地西南部是小麦条锈病春季流行低风险区,盆地大部地区是中、高风险的集中区.区划结果为进一步做好四川省小麦条锈病的分区预报和综合防治方面提供科学依据.     

GPS气象预报的可行性分析

基于中国区域5个IGS跟踪站的实测GPS数据,利用Bernese 4.2软件反演了部分典型测站上空的可降水量,并分析了该降水量变化与降雨之间的关系,探讨了将GPS应用于气象预报的可行性.     

Geochemistry,petrogenesis and tectonic implication of Early Cretaceous A-type rhyolites in Hailar Basin,NE China

Early Cretaceous A-type rhyolites of the Shangkuli Formation in the Hailar Basin of NE China exhibit geochemical characteristics of high silicon, alkali, Fe/Mg, Ga/Al, Zr, Pb, HFSEs, and REE contents but low Ca, Ba, Sr and Eu, which meet the criteria of typical reduced A-type granite.The A-type rhyolites are most probably derived from magmatic underplating and partial melting of quartz-feldspathic lower crust, with the lithospheric mantle material involved, due to the extensional deformation of the Erguna-Hulun Fault.Although the A-type rhyolites show A1-type trace elements characteristics, they were formed in a post-orogenic extension-al background together with the coeval widespread bimodal volcanic rocks, metamorphic core complexes, vol-canic fault basins and metallogenic province in the Sino-Russia-Mongolia border tract.This extension event was related to the collapse of thickened region of the continental crust after the closure of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean.     

Vertical characteristics of ozone variation over the Arctic Chukchi Sea region in 1999

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Mapping of Regional Soil Salinities in Xinjiang and Strategies for Amelioration and Management

Information on the spatial distribution of soil salinity can be used as guidance in avoiding the continued degradation of land and water resources by better informing policy makers. However, most regional soil-salinity maps are produced through a conventional direct-linking method derived from historic observations. Such maps lack spatial details and are limited in describing the evolution of soil salinization in particular instances. To overcome these limitations, we employed a method that included an integrative hierarchical-sampling strategy(IHSS) and the Soil Land Inference Model(So LIM) to map soil salinity over a regional area. A fuzzy c-means(FCM) classifier is performed to generate three measures, comprising representative grade, representative area, and representative level(membership). IHSS employs these three measures to ascertain how many representative samples are appropriate. Through this synergetic assessment, representative samples are obtained and their soil-salinity values are measured. These samples are input to So LIM, which is constructed based on fuzzy logic, to calculate the soil-forming environmental similarities between representative samples and other locations. Finally, a detailed soil-salinity map is produced through an averaging function that is linearly weighted, which is used to integrate the soil salinity value and soil similarity. This case study, in the Uyghur Autonomous Region of Xinjiang of China, demonstrates that the employed method can produce soil salinity map at a higher level of spatial detail and accuracy. Twenty-three representative points are determined. The results show that 1) the prediction is appropriate in Kuqa Oasis(R2 = 0.70, RPD = 1.55, RMSE = 12.86) and Keriya Oasis(R2 = 0.75, RPD = 1.66, RMSE = 10.92), that in Fubei Oasis(R2 = 0.77, RPD = 2.01, RMSE = 6.32) perform little better than in those two oases, according to the evaluation criterion. 2) Based on all validation samples from three oases, accuracy estimation show the employed method(R2 = 0.74, RPD = 1.67, RMSE = 11.18) performed better than the multiple linear regression model(R2 = 0.60, RPD = 1.47, RMSE = 14.45). 3) The statistical result show that approximately half(48.07%) of the study area has changed to salt-affected soil, mainly distributed in downstream of oases, around lakes, on both sides of rivers and more serious in the southern than the northern Xinjiang. To deal with this issue, a couple of strategies involving soil-salinity monitoring, water management, and plant diversification are proposed, to reduce soil salinization. Finally, this study concludes that the employed method can serve as an alternative model for soil-salinity mapping on a large scale.     

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福建沿海地区形变-应变场的演变特征

利用福建沿海地区GPS基本网2003—2010年4期观测资料,运用GAMIT/GLOBK软件及块体整体旋转线性应变模型,得到了各站相对于整个块体的形变速度和块体上的应变图像。结果显示:福建沿海地区具有一致的东南向运动,大小在35 mm/a左右;邵武-河源断裂带附近的剪切应变较大,政和-海丰断裂带与永安-晋江断裂带交汇处剪切应变相对较小,长乐-诏安断裂带从南到北的剪切应变经历了一个南弱北强到南强北弱的变化过程,政和-海丰断裂带和永安-晋江断裂带交汇处最大和最小主应变由压应变转为张应变;福建地区从西北到东南沿海经历了由张到压-由压到张-由张到压的变化过程。     

浅析企业经济责任审计的难点与对策

领导干部任期经济责任审计,是审计机关接受干部管理部门委托,依据国家法律、法规,对党政机关、人民团体、事业单位的党政领导干部或企业领导人员任职期间经济责任履行情况进行的监督、评价和鉴证的活动。1986年底,审计署指定下发了《关于开展厂长离任审计工作几个问题的通知》,对厂长(经理)离任审计的范围、内容、程序和要求作了原则规定,为全面开展企业经济责任审计奠定了基础。实践证明,这项工作的开展,对加快企业经济体制改革、维护财经纪律、保证财产安全、强化干部监督、促进廉政建设等都起到了重要作用。同时,经济责任审计也存在一些…     

上饶市广信区国土空间规划"一张图"实施监督信息系统探索

国土空间规划"一张图"实施监督信息系统是在国土空间基础信息平台和国土空间规划"一张图"基础上,为国土空间规划编制、审查、实施、监督提供技术支撑的信息化系统.该系统引入一种用于三维可视化的倾斜摄影数据采集方法,构建三维立体"一张图",真实地浏览和展示数据,开发"一键式"综合分析功能,将复杂空间分析步骤高度集成和定制化,建立监测预警大数据平台.该系统可辅助审查及决策,有效提升管理部门办事效率,全面提升国土空间规划动态监测、综合监管及社会公众服务能力,助力自然资源管理及空间治理迈向智慧化.