夏季长江冲淡水转向机制分析

利用 1 95 9,1 975 - 1 982年及 1 998年夏季各月黄、东海盐度分布和相应风场资料 ,分析讨论了长江冲淡水夏季的扩展路径。指出 :除海底坡降外 ,由 S向的苏北沿岸流和 N,NE向的浙东沿岸流及台湾暖流构成的“力偶”,是使冲淡水向左扭转的重要外力之一。用近岸均质模型和远岸双层模型的涡度方程定性讨论了冲淡水的转向机制     

水动力作用下管道稳定性的试验研究

利用振荡流水槽在以下两种约束条件下，研究波浪作用下直接铺设于砂质海底的管道失稳临界条件：1）管道两端自由；2）管道可水平、垂直自由运动，但流动受到限制。试验结果表明，管重无量纳数G与管道失稳的临界Fr数之间大致呈线性关系，而当G超过一定数值时，管道是侧向稳定的。管道的约束条件、砂床特性和加载速度对管道稳定性均有影响。     

High resolution seismic investigations for the determination of water flow directions during sulphur deposits exploitation

This paper shows the results of seismic research on some problems of sulphur in-situ mining. The difficulties during exploitation were mainly connected with the lack of detailed information on the structure and tectonics of deposit and overburden strata. This kind of information could be obtained using the High Resolution Seismic method. The use of seismic method allows to determine the range of subsidence provoked by well mining of sulphur. It is very important to undertake the measurements before exploitation, because the comparison of seismic sections before and during exploitation creates a possibility of determining the process of changes in the structure of the deposit and overburden strata.     

降雨下边坡开挖支护离心模型试验

为研究降雨下高速公路高边坡在开挖及运营过程中的变形规律及稳定性,以柳南公路改扩建工程某处典型高边坡为原型,利用大型土工离心机及自主研发降雨装置,开展12组不同开挖-支护时序边坡模型试验,通过对边坡从变形至破坏全过程监测,分析不同支护时序条件对边坡稳定性的影响。结果表明:实时支护能有效抑制边坡在水平和竖向的变形,在边坡开挖至第1级和第6级后,坡顶水平变形分别降低33.9%和30.4%,竖向变形降低54%和11.6%;实时支护对维持降雨下边坡稳定状态非常有利,边坡开挖至第2、4、6级后遭遇降雨,其稳定系数降低了10.1%、5.4%、6.5%;相同降雨量下,无实时支护边坡的稳定系数要比实时支护至少降低50%,说明了实时支护对降雨下边坡稳定性的意义巨大。      

1958～2018年永定河流域蒸发皿蒸发量的变化特征及其影响因子分析

基于永定河流域1958～2018年14个气象站的逐日观测数据,采用气候倾向率、Mann–Kendall趋势检验法分析蒸发皿蒸发量时空变化特征,并通过完全相关系数和多元回归分析识别气候因子与蒸发量的相关程度并定量计算其贡献率.结果表明:在全球气候变暖的背景下,60年来永定河流域气温以0.29°C/10 a的速率上升,而蒸...     

High-frequency ocean radar derived characteristics of sea surface currents in the Ariake Sea,Japan

Composite analysis was conducted using high-frequency radar data obtained during 2006–2015 in order to gain a better understanding of the current field in the Ariake Sea. The seasonally averaged surface current in the Ariake Sea was directed southward in all seasons, except around river mouths during summer. Heavy rainfall enhanced the outflow along the eastern coast of the Shimabara Peninsula from Isahaya Bay to the southern area 2–5 days after heavy rainfall. Spring–neap differences were clearly seen in the southward current along the Shimabara Peninsula. Interannual variation in the M₂ tidal current amplitude was synchronized with the lunar nodal cycle.     

Coastal processes and environmental hazards: the Buenos Aires (Argentina) and Venetian (Italy) littorals

The Buenos Aires (Argentina) and Venice (Italy) coastlands have experienced significant saltwater contamination of the phreatic aquifer, coastal erosion, hydrodynamic changes and relative sea level rise processes due to natural and man-induced factors. These factors expose coastal areas to morpho-hydro-geological hazards, such as soil desertification, frequency and degree of flooding, littoral erosion, and the silting of river mouths and channels. Man-made interventions and actions, such as beach mining, construction of coastal structures and exploitation of aquifers without an adequate knowledge of the hydrology setting and an adequate management program, worsen these natural hazards. Uncontrolled human activity induces environmental damage to the overall coastal plains. The coastal plains play an important role in the social/economic development of the two regions based on land use, such as agriculture, horticulture, breeding, and tourism, as well as industry. Results of investigations on saltwater contamination, sea level rise and morphological changes recently performed in these two coastal areas are presented here.     

汇流计算中若干问题的述评

本文概述了坡面汇流与河道汇流计算中的简化模型,重点讨论了流域汇流计算问题,笔者认为,坡面汇流与河道汇流计算方法相对成熟,以系统分析理论为基础的汇流计算数学模型的研究重点似可转向参数的合理定量与地区综合,以及区间汇流与局部汇流计算方面:汇流非线性现象很复杂,要充分注意非线性向线性转化的条件;地貌单位线正在得到迅速的发展,可能成为解决短缺水文资料地区水文计算与进行小河站网规划的又一途泾;今后汇流计算研究应更多地重视干旱与半干旱地区.     

卵巢肿瘤之分类及CT诊断的价值

本文分析了５０例经病理证实的卵巢肿瘤。结果表明ＣＴ扫描在发现卵巢肿瘤方面是一种有效的手段，而且根据主要ＣＴ表现鉴别良恶性质是可能的．另一方面由于具有很高的密度分辨率，ＣＴ扫描在某种程度上低于传统的检查手段。