松辽盆地断陷期超层序界面的地质属性刻画及其油气地质意义

松辽盆地断陷期分为1个超层序组、3个超层序、6个层序。从火石岭组到营城组构成一个完整的活动大陆边缘火山一断陷超层序组。三个超层序分别为同碰撞期火山一断陷超层序(火石岭组)、火山间歇期断陷超层序(沙河子组)和后碰撞期火山一断陷超层序(营城组)。超层序组底界Ts界面是前三叠纪拼合基底与侏罗系火山岩一沉积岩互层序列之间的反射界面,界面上下层系之间的间断时限≥45Ma;界面之下是古亚洲洋构造域时期形成的拼合基底,界面之上是鄂霍次克洋构造域形成的火山—沉积建造。超层序组顶界T4界面是断陷期火山岩一碎屑岩互层／序列与上覆坳陷期正常沉积岩层序之间的反射界面,界面上下层系之间的间断时限为3～5Ma;界面之下是鄂霍次克洋构造域晚期形成的火山—沉积建造,界面之上是太平洋构造域早期形成的坳陷期沉积层序。层序对油气的控制作用十分明显。高产工业气藏主要见于超层序组的顶界面;工业气藏和低产气藏主要出现在层序界面附近;层序内部一般多形成低产气藏或差气层。     

辽西北票盆地中侏罗统海房沟组砾岩沉积特征与成因

通过对总长2 705 m两条剖面的实测、40块薄片鉴定、419个砾石统计及其粒度分析,确定了辽西地区北票盆地中侏罗统海房沟组砾岩的沉积特征及成因。研究表明：辽西北票盆地海房沟组主要岩性为一套冲积扇相的复成分砾岩,并夹一套喷溢相下部亚相安山质角砾熔岩和另一套爆发相空落亚相安山质角砾凝灰岩、热碎屑流亚相安山质角砾凝灰熔岩;海房沟组沉积物源来自研究区SSW向的太古宇变质岩及结晶基底和下侏罗统兴隆沟组火山岩的全面快速隆升剥蚀。结合构造背景,通过对北票组与海房沟组界线的研究和岩性岩相的鉴定,确定海房沟组冲积扇相的复成分砾岩是燕山运动二期挤压伸展构造运动的重要产物,两套中酸性火山岩的出现是两次火山喷发的重要标识。     

RESPONSE OF TRIASSIC SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHY OF LOWER YANGTZE TO THE COLLISION BETWEEN THE YANGTZE PLATE AND THE NORTH CHINA PLATE

The characteristics of the Triassic sequences developed in the Lower Yangtze area display some great changes in both environment and climate. The change of environment was a transition from marine to continent via alternating environments. The change of climate was a transition from tropic （torrid） to warm and wet climate via subtropic dry climate. The type variations of the sequences were from the marine sequences to the continental sequences, corresponding to the changes of environments and climates. Sequence 1 is a type II of sequence of mixed elastic and carbonate sediments; sequence 2 is a type I of sequence of carbonate platform; sequence 3 is a type I of sequence of carbonate tidal flat-salt lagoon, sequence 4 is a type iI of sequence of lacustrine within marine layers, and sequence 5 is a sequence of lacustrine-swamp. The development, distribution and preservation of those sequences reveal the tectonic controls and their changes in the background. The collision between the Yangtze plate and the North China plate was a great geological event in the geological history, but the timing of the collision is still disputed. However, the characteristics of Triassic sequence stratigraphy and sea level changes in the Lower Yangtze area responded to this collision. The collision started at the beginning of middle Triassic and the great regression in the Lower Yangtze area started 22Ma earlier than those in the world. The tectonic conditions occurred before and during the collision controlled the development of sequences and type changes.     

The Cretaceous Songliao Basin: Volcanogenic Succession, Sedimentary Sequence and Tectonic Evolution, NE China

The Songliao basin (SB) is a superposed basin with two different kinds of basin fills. The lower one is characterized by a fault-bounded volcanogenic succession comprising of intercalated volcanic, pyroclastic and epiclastic rocks. The volcanic rocks, dating from 110 Ma to 130 Ma, are of geochemically active continental margin type. Fast northward migration of the SB block occurred during the major episodes of the volcanism inferred from their paleomagnetic information. The upper one of the basin fill is dominated by non-marine sag-style sedimentary sequence of siliciclastics and minor carbonates. The basin center shifted westwards from the early to late Cretaceous revealed by the GGT seismic velocity structure suggesting dynamic change in the basin evolution. Thus, a superposed basin model is proposed. Evolution of the SB involves three periods including (1) Alptian and pre-Aptian: a retroarc basin and range system of Andes type related to Mongolia-Okhotsk collisional belt (MOCB); (2) Albian to Companian: a sag-like strike-slip basin under transtension related to oblique subduction of the Pacific plate along the eastern margin of the Eurasian plate; (3) since Maastrichtian: a tectonic inverse basin under compression related to normal subduction of the Pacific plate under the Eurasian plate, characterized by overthrust, westward migration of the depocenter and eastward uplifting of the basin margin.     

湘西奥陶系红色碳酸盐岩碳、氧同位素组成特征及古环境意义

红色碳酸盐岩是华南奥陶系的一种具有紫红—砖红色调的代表性沉积岩,其中可能蕴含特殊的古环境信息。湖南湘西三百洞地区具有一条出露良好、厚层为主的红色碳酸盐岩剖面,主要发育于大湾组和牯牛潭组内,文章对该段地层采集了355件碳、氧同位素和Mn、Sr元素分析样品,以及10件牙形刺化石样品进行研究。根据牙形刺样品约束,大湾组底界可能大致相当于弗洛阶顶界,大湾组和牯牛潭组界线在达瑞威尔阶中下部,牯牛潭组顶界大致相当于达瑞威尔阶顶界。据显微薄片鉴定、δ¹³C-δ¹⁸O相关性分析和Mn-Sr元素评估,推断样品受到成岩作用影响不大。355件同位素测试样品显示三百洞剖面的δ¹³C和δ¹⁸O均为低幅高频振荡,δ¹³C在-0.38‰～1.67‰之间,δ¹⁸O在-9.34‰～-7.21‰之间,其中可与全球对比的同位素事件有大坪阶底部碳同位素负漂事件(BDNICE)和达瑞威尔阶中部碳同位素漂移事件(MDICE),可以间接对比的有达瑞威尔阶下部碳同位素负漂事件(LDNICE),此外还有2...     

Reassessment of the Distribution of Mantle CO2 in the Bohai Sea, China: The Perspective from the Source and Pathway System

Research on the distribution of mantle CO₂should involve comprehensive analysis from CO₂source to accumulation.The crust-mantle pathway system is the key controlling factor of the distribution of mantle CO₂,but has received little attention.The pathway system and controlling factors of CO₂distribution in the Bohai Sea are analyzed using data on fault styles and information on the mantle and lithosphere.The relation between volcanic rocks and the distribution of mantle CO₂is reassessed using age data for CO₂accumulations.The distribution of mantle CO₂is controlled by uplift of the asthenosphere and upper mantle,magma conduits in the mantle and fault systems in the crust.Uplifted regions of the asthenosphere are accumulation areas for CO₂.The area with uplift of the Moho exhibits accumulation of mantle CO₂at depth.CO₂was mainly derived from vertical migration through the upper mantle and lower crust.The fault style in the upper crust controls the distance of horizontal migration and the locations of CO₂concentrations.The distribution of mantle CO₂and volcanic rocks are not the same,but both probably followed the same pathways sometimes.Mantle CO₂in the Bohai Sea is concentrated in the Bozhong sag and the surrounding area,particularly in a trap that formed before 5.1 Ma and is connected to crustal faults(the Bozhang faults)and lithospheric faults(the Tanlu faults).     

The Cretaceous volcanic succession around the Songliao Basin,NE China: relationship between volcanism and sedimentation

With volume ratio of 8:1:1.5 amongst acidic, intermediate and basaltic rocks, the Cretaceous volcanics around the Songliao Basin are a series of high‐K or medium‐K, peraluminous or metaluminous, calc‐alkaline rocks, lacking typical basalts and peralkaline members of typical rift‐related types. Their eruption ages range between 133 and 127 Ma, 124 and 122 Ma and 117 and 113 Ma respectively. They are high in total (Rare earth element) REE contents (96.1–326 ppm), enriched in LREE and depleted in HREE (LREE/HREE = 4.6–13.8), with negative Eu and Ce anomalies (Eu/Eu* = 0.04–0.88; Ce/Ce* = 0.60–0.97). They have enriched large‐ion lithophile elements (e.g. K, Ba, Th) and depleted high field strength elements (e.g. Nb, Ti and Y), suggesting a subduction‐related tectonic setting. The volcanic activities migrated from south to north, forming a successively northward‐stepping volcanic series and showing a feature significantly different from the overlying sedimentary sequence striking northeast. Thus, an overlap basin model was proposed. Accompanied by opening of the basin, the volcanogenic succession was formed at the block‐faulting stage (131–113 Ma) owing to the closure of the Mongolia–Okhotsk ocean in the Jurassic and early Cretaceous, while the overlying sedimentary sequence was unconformably deposited at the spreading stage (Albian–Maastrichtian) owing to the oblique subduction of the Pacific plate under the Eurasian plate. The volcanic succession constitutes the lower unit of basin filling and is the forerunner of further basin spreading. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.