吉林延边地区汪清县大兴沟早二叠世华夏植物群的发现及其地质意义

吉林省延边地区汪清县大兴沟镇和盛村附近和盛组中首次采获大童植物化石:Lepidophylloides sp.,Stigmaria ficoides(Stemb.)Brongn.,Trizygia oblongifolium(Germ.et Kaulf.)Asama,Cal-amites cistii Brongn.,C...     

年代际气候变化研究

概括的介绍了中国科学家近几年在年代际气候变化方面的研究进展,包括中国气候的年代际变化特征,北大西洋涛动(NAO)和北太平洋涛动(NPO)与中国年代际气候变化的关系,北太平洋海面温度(SST)年代际模及其影响,大气环流系统的年代际变化以及气候突变问题.     

LNW-50中子土壤水分测试仪测量参数的调试检验

主要介绍LNW 5 0中子土壤水分测试仪的调试方法及标定后测试参数的可靠性检验方法 ,有利于提高仪器测试土壤水分的精度和准确性。     

多中心空间结构经济绩效的研究进展及启示

通过回顾国外多中心经济绩效的相关理论与实证研究,探讨多中心空间结构的经济绩效,特别是单中心与多中心绩效的对比研究,得出如下结论：由于城市之间可以通过“互借规模”、发挥专业化分工与协作的比较优势,加之较小的城市规模可以相对避免集聚不经济的产生,多中心空间结构理论上可以获得同等规模单一城市享有的集聚经济;受城市规模、发展阶段、地理空间尺度、功能联系、行业构成的异质性等因素影响,多中心空间结构的经济绩效表现不一。最后提出了深化国内研究的方向以及相关政策启示。     

收缩城市住房空置时空分异及影响机制——基于居民用电量视角

以中国典型的资源型收缩城市—伊春市的伊春区为研究对象,从居民用电量视角对住房空置情况进行判定,同时综合运用核密度估计、网络分析以及问卷访谈等方法,基于区域、居住区、格网3种尺度,对2013—2018年住房空置时空分异格局及影响机制进行深入探究。结果表明：(1)伊春区空置住房总量和空置率总体表现为波动上升态势,在国际通行标准下处于“供需基本平衡”状态;(2)伊春区住房空置格局在区域尺度、居住区尺度、格网尺度等不同尺度下表现出一定差异性,但各尺度均总体呈现“核心-边缘”的空间分布特点;(3)人口流失、经济支撑、城市功能地位以及居民感知等因素影响伊春区住房空置时序演变,而城市空间开发扩展、住区建设演变、教育医疗设施布局、公共交通可达性等因素共同作用于住房空置的空间分异。     

沁水盆地南部柿庄南区块煤层气地质特征

以国家科技重大专项《山西沁水盆地南部煤层气直井开发示范工程》成果为依据,以以往的地质勘查及研究成果为参考,对沁水盆地南部柿庄南区块煤层气地质特征进行分析。分析认为南部柿庄南区块构造简单,煤变质程度高、煤层厚度大、埋深适中而且分布稳定,有利于煤层气生成,煤层吸附能力较强,储层渗透率较好,煤层气保存条件好,是沁南煤层气勘探开发最有利区块之一。开发利用该区块煤层气资源,可有效改善地区能源结构、加快区域经济发展,降低后期煤炭开发风险,具有非常可观的社会及经济效益。     

Phytoplankton biomass size structure and its regulation in the Southern Yellow Sea (China): Seasonal variability

Phytoplankton size structure plays a significant role in controlling the carbon flux of marine pelagic ecosystems. The mesoscale distribution and seasonal variation of total and size-fractionated phytoplankton biomass in surface waters, as measured by chlorophyll a (Chl a), was studied in the Southern Yellow Sea using data from four cruises during 2006–2007. The distribution of Chl a showed a high degree of spatial and temporal variation in the study area. Chl a concentrations were relatively high in the summer and autumn, with a mean of 1.42 and 1.27 mg m⁻³, respectively. Conversely, in the winter and spring, the average Chl a levels were only 0.98 and 0.99 mg m⁻³. Total Chl a showed a clear decreasing gradient from coastal areas to the open sea in the summer, autumn and winter cruises. Patches of high Chl a were observed in the central part of the Southern Yellow Sea in the spring due to the onset of the phytoplankton bloom. The eutrophic coastal waters contributed at least 68% of the total phytoplankton biomass in the surface layer. Picophytoplankton showed a consistent and absolute dominance in the central region of the Southern Yellow Sea (>40%) in all of the cruises, while the proportion of microphytoplankton was the highest in coastal waters. The relative proportions of pico- and nanophytoplankton decreased with total biomass, whereas the proportion of the micro-fraction increased with total biomass. Relationships between phytoplankton biomass and environmental factors were also analysed. The results showed that the onset of the spring bloom was highly dependent on water column stability. Phytoplankton growth was limited by nutrient availability in the summer due to the strong thermocline. The combined effects of P-limitation and vertical mixing in the autumn restrained the further increase of phytoplankton biomass in the surface layer. The low phytoplankton biomass in winter was caused by vertical dispersion due to intense mixing. Compared with the availability of nutrients, temperature did not seem to cause direct effects on phytoplankton biomass and its size structure. Although interactions of many different environmental factors affected phytoplankton distributions, hydrodynamic conditions seemed to be the dominant factor. Phytoplankton size structure was determined mainly by the size-differential capacity in acquiring resource. Short time scale events, such as the spring bloom and the extension of Yangtze River plume, can have substantial influences, both on the total Chl a concentration and on the size structure of the phytoplankton.     

基于贝叶斯层次时空模型的甘肃省土地利用程度演变分析

以甘肃省为例,在基于Google Earth Engine (GEE)平台实现1995年、2000年、2005年、2010年、2015年和2020年土地变化监测的基础上,利用贝叶斯层次时空模型(BHM)分析土地利用程度的时空变化特征。结果表明：① 研究期间内甘肃省土地利用程度呈增长趋势,其中1995―2000年和2010―2015年增长速度较明显;② 土地利用程度空间格局“东高西低”,热点区域主要分布在陇中、陇东和陇南地区;③ 土地利用程度局部变化呈现明显区域差异,整体表现为“东弱西强”,局部变化热点区域主要分布在河西地区;④ 影响土地利用程度变化的主要因素是经济规模和产业结构,其中经济因素影响程度最高。     

Effects of mineral-organic fertilizer on the biomass of green Chinese cabbage and potential carbon sequestration ability in karst areas of Southwest China

The karst mountain areas of Southwest China contain barren farmland soils and suffer from nutritional and water deficiencies that affect crop productivity. Hence,it is imperative to apply suitable fertilizers to restore soil fertility and maintain crop yield. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of mineral-organic fertilizer(MOF)made of potassic rock and organic waste on the growth of crops. For this purpose, green Chinese cabbage grown using three different fertilization methods including MOF,inorganic fertilizer(IF), and a control was evaluated. We determined soil water content, agronomic characteristics,and biomass of green Chinese cabbage in different treatments. Furthermore, surface runoff from the pot experiments and soil leachate from pot experiments were collected to determine water temperature, pH, and cation and anion concentrations. The results demonstrate thatMOF can improve the soil water-holding capacity of soil,and the basic agronomic characteristics of the cabbage treated with MOF were superior to those with IF. Using MOF can promote the increase in cabbage biomass.Additionally, the concentration of inorganic carbon(largely in the form of HCO_3^-) in surface runoff water treated by MOF was higher than the other treatments, establishing carbon sequestration potential. This work provides a novel and environmentally friendly fertilization pattern in karst areas, which will improve crop yield and also increase the carbon sequestration potential of crops.     

N,N-二烷基酰胺类物质的膜状态及其在水面溢油集油剂中的应用研究

合成了 5种 N,N-二烷基酰胺型表面活性剂 ,并对其所成膜的状态进行了测定。表明当N,N-二烷基酰胺类物质单独成膜时获得的集油膜为多层膜 ,而当选用合适的溶剂与其配制成溶液以后 ,所成的集油膜则为转变膜或液态凝聚膜。在 5种 N,N-二烷基酰胺类物质中 ,酰基碳链越长、氮烷基碳链越短则其集油能力越强。应用 N,N-二烷基酰胺类物质配制了 4个配方 ,均具备良好的集油能力 ,并且对原油的集油能力大于对柴油的集油能力