Ein Cluster-Verfahren zur richtungsstatistischen Analyse tektonischer Daten

Zusammenfassung Es wird ein Cluster-Verfahren vorgestellt, mit dem in einer Menge von Richtungsdaten die Einzelwerte mit Hilfe eines vorgegebenen variablen Trennmaßes zu verschiedenen Gruppen zusammengefaßt werden. Richtungsstatistische Parameter werden für jede Gruppe berechnet. Außerdem wird ein Signifikanztest für die Trennung der Gruppen voneinander durchgeführt.

---

A cluster algorithm for orientation data is presented. It separates groupes of neighboring data by the use of a variable measure of separation. Statistical orientation parameters are calculated for each group and a significance test for the separation of the groups is carried out.

---

Résumé Un algorithme pour l'analyse des groupes de vecteurs est présenté. Il sépare des groupes de données voisines en utilisant une mesure variable de séparation. Des paramètres statistiques d'orientation sont calculés pour chacun d'eux, et un test de signification pour séparation des groupes est effectué.

---

«» , , , . . .

     

Atmospheric electrical measurements in the Hawaiian islands

Summary An exploration of the electrical properties of the atmosphere on and above the island of Hawaii, as indicated by a portable corona current unit, is described. A 30 foot telescopic mast having a radioactive probe mounted on an insulated bushing and connected by shielded cable to a sensitive microammeter was used. Corona currents were measured at a number of geographic locations ranging from sea level under conditions of heavy surf to the 10,000 foot level on Mauna Kea several thousand feet above the exchange layer, and over the land and ocean in a light plane. Observations were made under clear, cloudy and rainy conditions. Fair weather and cloudy conditions gave currents from air to earth of positive sign. With warm rain falling the currents had a negative sign and increased in value with intensity of precipitation. In several instances indications of incipient discharges similar to that observed in mild lightningstorms were noted.The island of Hawaii has many desirable features to recommend it for an extensive research program in atmospheric electricity. A simple and inexpensive approach to inaugurating such a program is suggested.     

Kontinuierliche Schwärzungskurven und diffuse Röntgenstrahlen-reflexe bei Einschlußverbindungen

Ohne ZusammenfassungHerrn Professor Dr. O. H.Erdmannsdörffer zur Vollendung seines 75. Lebensjahres in Dankbarkeit gewidmet.     

Moto ondoso e vento nel Golfo di Trieste

Riassunto Dalle osservazioni dello stato del mare, eseguite a Trieste alle ore 8, 14 e 19, nel ventennio 1931–1950, si deducono le medie mensili, stagionali ed annue. Il moto ondoso risulta massimo alle ore 14 dei mesi estivi, minimo alle ore 8 degli stessi mesi. Il valore medio annuo è 1.7, lo stato medio del mare risulta poco meno che leggermente mosso. Nel ventennio l'andamento medio annuo non è nè crescente nè decrescente, presenta una concavità negli anni centrali. Tra la velocità del vento e lo stato ondoso sono stati determinati coefficienti di correlazione che variano, secondo i casi, da 0.49 a 0.94.

---

Summary From the observations of the seawave-motion effectuated in Trieste at 8^h, 14^h and 19^h, during the years 1931–1950, the monthly and annual mean values are calculated. The maximum wave-motion results at 14^h of the summer months, the minimum one at 8^h of the same months. The mean annual value is 1.7, that is: a little inferior than «lightly moved». Between the wind-velocity and the wave-motion have been determined correlation-coefficients varying from 0.49 to 0.94.

     

Orbital-scale record of the late Cenomanian–Turonian oceanic anoxic event (OAE-2) in the Tarfaya Basin (Morocco)

High sedimentation rates (up to 12 cm/kyear) of laminated organic carbon-rich biogenic limestones in the Tarfaya Basin provide an unusually high (millennial) resolution record of the late Cenomanian oceanic anoxic event (OAE-2). The global positive carbon-isotope excursion across the Cenomanian–Turonian corresponds to 11 light/dark sedimentary cycles. We interpret these cycles as a response to orbital obliquity variation and estimate the duration of the complete excursion as 440 kyear or one long eccentricity cycle. On this timescale, the main increase in ¹³C values occurred over a short time interval of less than 20 kyear in the late Cenomanian and reached a first maximum approximately 15 kyear prior to the bulk (mainly coccoliths) ¹⁸O-derived sea surface maximum temperature that occurs coeval to the extinction of Rotalipora cushmani. Organic carbon-accumulation rates follow obliquity cycles, reaching a maximum approximately 10 kyear after the last occurrence of R. cushmani, then slowly decreasing during the early Turonian. Thus, the maximum temperature and the maximum organic carbon accumulation in the Tarfaya Basin lagged by at least 15 kyear behind the global carbon-isotope shift and a proposed reduction of atmospheric CO₂ content. The climate change across the Cenomanian/Turonian boundary probably occurred independent of CO₂ levels and may have been controlled by different greenhouse gases (water vapour and methane) and changes in ocean circulation (i.e., opening of the Equatorial Atlantic gateway)     

A method for constructing toxic waste site histories from old airphotos of coastal regions

Archive aerial photos have been used to create a skeletal history for several toxic waste sites currently under investigation in the United States. Because many of the sites are very small in area, and the majority of the historical aerial photography is not large scale, specialized methods have, through experience, been developed to do this work. The result of the work is a series of standard format film stereograms and a detailed report. The report includes several unique methods for presenting the airphoto findings.